Correlación de concientización y entrenamiento en seguridad de la información

The following installation guidelines cover:

□ Fuel Tank

□ Fuel Filters

□ Fuel Lines

9.2.1 FUEL TANK

Fuel tanks must be made of the correct material, be properly designed and located, and be adequately sized regardless of the fuel tank configuration being used.

9.2.1.1 Material

Satisfactory fuel tank material is steel, aluminum, or a suitably reinforced plastic. The inside(s) should be clean and free from all impurities likely to contaminate the fuel.

NOTICE:

Do not use a fuel storage tank or lines or fittings made from galvanized steel. The fuel will react chemically with the galvanized coating to form powdery flakes that will quickly clog fuel filters and cause damage to the fuel pump and injectors

The fuel tank(s) must not be galvanized internally under any circumstances.

The fuel tank(s) or piping may be galvanized or painted on the outside only to prevent rusting.

Zinc in a galvanized coating reacts with sulphur in the fuel to form a white zinc sulfate which will clog filters as well as damage the fuel pump and injectors.

9.2.1.2 Design

Baffles must be positioned to separate air from fuel and to prevent fuel from sloshing between the ends of the tank(s). The baffles should extend from the top to the bottom of the tank(s). These baffles should have passageways which allow the fuel to maintain an even level throughout the tank(s).

The tank(s) should have a readily accessible drain valve at the bottom for easy removal of contaminants. There should also be an access hole in the tank to permit cleaning when the tank

Figure 9-2 Properly Designed Fuel Tank

9.2.1.3 Capacity

Carefully choose the capacity of the fuel tank(s) to suit the specific engine installation. The design of tanks in mobile applications must include the supply pipe so that adequate fuel is available under all operational gradients. The tank(s) capacity must be at least 5% greater than the maximum fill level to allow for fuel expansion.

Fuel capacity of the tank(s) should be appropriate for the specific application involved.

9.2.1.4 Position

The position of the fuel tank(s) is an important factor in any application.

The position of the fuel tank(s) should ensure the following whenever possible.

□ The difference in height between the fuel tank(s) and engine supply pump shall be kept to a minimum.

□ The length of the fuel feed pipe shall be kept to a minimum.

□ Location of the fuel tank(s) shall be away from any excessive heat source.

□ The filling point shall be easy to access and simple to use.

The fuel supply pump should not be more than 5 feet above the lowest fuel level possible in the fuel tank(s). If it becomes necessary to locate the fuel tank at a position, with respect to the engine regardless of the size of the fuel lines, to where the maximum fuel restriction of 2.9 PSI (200 mbar) is exceeded, then a high lift fuel pump (not supplied by DDC) may be required.

The fuel tank(s) should not be located higher than the fuel pump. However, when this can not be avoided, the fuel return line should not extend into the fuel supply to prevent possible siphoning in the event a leak occurs in the line. The fuel return line must incorporate a check valve. The fuel inlet must incorporate a shutoff valve of the needle or globe type construction and must not impose any undue restriction to fuel flow.

Install a shutoff valve for use when changing the fuel pre-filter and the water separator if the fuel tank(s) is above the fuel filter module. This will prevent the tank(s) from draining.

A check valve in the fuel spill prevents supply side fuel from draining back into the tank(s) in a tank-below-engine installation.

In applications where multiple tanks are used, a crossover line with valves located near the tanks low points is recommended to allow equal use of fuel from the tanks. The valves can also be used to isolate an individual tank in the event that a problem arises with any one tank.

9.2.2 FUEL FILTERS/FUEL FILTER MODULE

A fuel pre-filter, water separator, and a final fuel filter are all required for the DD Platform engines. These filters are contained within the fuel filter module located between the fuel tank and the engine low pressure fuel pump. These filters are needed to provide additional water and debris filtering capacity and to prevent damage to the fuel system. The fuel pre-filter is a 100 micron rated filter and is an inside out flow filter. The water separator is a 10 micron filter and is an inside out flow filter. The final fuel filter element is a 3–5 micron rated filter and is an outside in flow filter. The use of a separate remote mount primary fuel filter, which would typically be installed between the fuel tank and the engine fuel filter module, are not permitted for use with the DD Platform engines. However, please contact Detroit Diesel Application Engineering for current requirements in the event remote mount primary fuel filters become permissible.

9.2.3 FUEL FILTER CONFIGURATION

Fuel filter requirements for the DD Platform engine may be found in DDC publication Lubricating Oil, Fuel, and Filters, (DDC–SVC–BRO–0001), available on the DDC Extranet.

Care should be taken not to exceed the maximum fuel pump suction limits (2.9 PSI) when substituting the fuel pre-filter and the water separator elements.

Remote mounting of the fuel filter module filters is not acceptable for the DD Platform engines.

9.2.4 FUEL LINES

The following guidelines apply to supply and return fuel lines between the fuel filter module and the tank(s) only.

9.2.4.1 Design

All lines should be in protected areas. These areas should be free from possible damage and securely clipped in position to prevent chaffing from vibration. Take the necessary precautions to ensure that the inlet line connections are tight so air cannot enter the fuel system.

The careful selection of line routing cannot be overemphasized. Avoid excessively long runs.

Minimize the number of connections, sharp bends, or other features that could lead to air trapping, excessive resistance to flow, or waxing of fuel in cold conditions.

The supply and return lines must extend to the low level of useful tank volume. Extending the return line to this level prevents siphoning of fuel on the supply side back to the tank.

The fuel supply line must be above the bottom of the tank to ensure that dirt and sediments are not drawn into the fuel system. Allow 5% clearance volume above the bottom of the tank.

The supply and return lines must be well supported within the tank. Cracks on the supply side can cause the entrance of air and a subsequent loss of power. The supply and return lines must be separated by at least 0.3 m (12 in.) inside the tank to prevent the possibility of air or hot fuel from the return line being discharged directly into the suction line.

The supply line should be at the center of the tank to compensate for angular operation.

Connections of fuel lines to the engine should be made through flexible hoses which accommodate the movement of the engine and the chassis. Solid tubing cannot be directly connected to the engine supply or return connections. A minimum of 1 m (3 ft.) of flexible hose should be used between the engine and chassis fuel lines.

9.2.4.2 Material

DDC does not approve the use of copper tubing because copper becomes brittle due to cold working when subjected to vibration.

Flexible hosing must be resistant to fuel oil, lubricating oils, mildew, and abrasion, and must be reinforced.

The lines must withstand a maximum suction of 67.54 kPa (20 in. Hg) without collapsing, a pressure of 690 kPa (100 psi) without bursting, and temperatures between -40°C (-40°F) and 149°C (300°F).

9.2.4.3 Size

The fuel supply lines should be AN Dash size 10 (5/8” I.D.) or larger. The return lines must be AN Dash size 8 (1/2” I.D.) or larger. Fuel line size on an engine will depend on the engine flow rate, length of line, number of bends, and the number and type of fittings. Larger fuel line sizes may be required when the fuel tanks are located farther than 10 ft. (3 m) from the engine or when there are numerous bends in the system.

The determinant of fuel line size is the restriction measured at the inlet of the fuel pump. The maximum allowable inlet restriction is 2.9 PSI (200 mbar) for all applications.