Avramović Dušan, Jovanović Dara, Mladenović Slaviša, Ristanović-Ponjavić Ivana
City Public Health Institute Belgrade
Objectives: To determine the frequency of p.aeruginosa positive finding in water samples of swimming pools on the territory of Belgrade.
Materials and methods: Our study included 3837 samples of water from public and hotel pools analyzed in the laboratory of GZZJZ during period January 2009 to December 2013.
Parameters included are pool type (indoor/outdoor), water temperature (0C) and free residual chlorine concentration (RCl2
-mg/l) measured at site, and bacteriological p.aeruginosa positive finding.
Results: We have registered 165(4.30%) P.aeruginosa positive samples, of which 64(5.96%) in outdoor pool water samples (n=1080) and 101(3.66%) in indoor pools water samples (n=2757). In P.a. negative samples from indoor pools average water temperature was T=27,50C(MEDIAN 27,30C) and average concentration of RCl2
-=0.44mg/l(MEDIAN 0.50mg/l). In P.a. positive samples from indoor pools average water temperature was T=28,90C(MEDIAN 28,30C) and average concentration of RCl2
-=0.30mg/l(MEDIAN 0.30mg/l). In P.a. negative samples from outdoor pools average water temperature was T=25,20C(MEDIAN 25,60C) and average concentration of RCl2-=0.42mg/l(MEDIAN 0.40mg/l). In P.a. positive samples from outdoor pools average water temperature was T=25,20C(MEDIAN 26,20C) and average concentration of RCl2
-=0.42mg/l(MEDIAN 0.40mg/l).
Conclusion: P.aeruginosa positive finding in swimming water is more frequently registered in outdoor pools, as well as in indoor pools with higher water temperature and lower free residual chlorine concentration.
Keywords: P.aeruginosa, water, swimming, indoor/outdoor pool
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Infertility represents the lack of pregnancy after a year of unprotected sexual intercourses. The spread of male infertility, according to some authors, varies from 25% to 40% out of entirely registered infertility. Male infertility has many causes which can be divided into testicular, pre-testicular and post-testicular. The number and variety of the causes which lead to the decrease or lack of male fertilizing potential demand different treatment approaches. The easiest forms of therapy are the ones which include supplemented diet, and the most radical ones are from the domain of surgery. Scientific literature describes the following as the most commonly used: vitamin-mineral preparations, fruits and extracts of particular plants and essential amino-acids where there is a wide spread of registered levels of their success. The goal of our work is to determine to which extent the dietetic supplements are suitable for male infertility treatment. In methodology, we applied semen analysis of men who have been registered with the decreased fertilization potential according to the strict Kruger’s criteria, at the beginning of the therapy and 3 months afterwards. The work comprised 100 systematically chosen examinees and the changes of their parameters were followed: the number of spermatozoids in 1 ml of ejaculation, changes in the spermatozoids progressive movement (active and slow movement) as well as the changes in the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoids. The patients were recommended, besides taking Proksid, to quit smoking, increase physical activity and use various available supplements.
Results:with regard to the number of spermatozoids in 1 ml. of ejaculation, it is determined that their value is considerably increased from the moment before taking supplements p < 0.001 (X¯1 = 44.78, SD1 = 40.28) and after taking the supplements (X¯2 = 58.73, SD2 = 46.75), t (99) = -5.265, p < 0.001. The T-test of the samples estimated the influence of the supplements on the percentage of progresivelly mobile spermatozoids in the examinees' ejacualtion. Statisticly significant value increase is determinedfrom the moment before taking supplements p < 0.001 (X¯1 = 42.13, SD1 = 27.84) to the moment after taking the supplements (X¯2 = 56.49, SD2 = 25.88), t (99) = -6.587, p < 0.001. Statistically significant increase in the percentage of actively mobile spermatozoids is determined form the moment before taking supplements on the level p < 0.001 (X¯1 = 12.53, SD1 = 14.04) to the moment after the supplement therapy (X¯2 = 21.55, SD2 = 18.03), t (99) = -7.297, p < 0.001. Also, we determined the statistically significant increase in the value of slowly mobile spermatozoids (B mobility) from the moment before taking the supplements on the level p < 0.05 (X
¯1 = 29.70, SD1 = 20.07) to the moment after the supplement therapy (X¯2 = 34.90, SD2 = 17.29), t (99) = -2.584, p = 0.011. Also, the T-test of the paired samples estimated the influence on the normal spermatozid forms percentage in the examinees' ejaculations.
Stiatistically significant value increase is determined form the moment before taking suppolements on the level p < 0.001 (X¯1 = 9.84, SD1 = 6.64) to the moment after supplement therapy (X¯2 = 12.53, SD2 = 6.40), t (99) = -7.123, p < 0.001.
Conclusion:Besides the fact thatour studies determined the high level of positive correlation between taking supplements and semen quality improvement, we recommend that the examination should be continued with the more subtle methods in this field in order to complete the knowledge, application and to improve the efficiency of dietetic supplements in male infertility treatment.
Key words: dietetic supplements, male
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25. MICROBIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF WATER POLLUTION BY MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILL
Aleksandar Ćorac1, Barać N.2, V.Minić3, Barać M.4, Bukumirović Z.5,D.Ilić1,J.Jović1, Milićević S.6
1Department of Preventive Medicine - Faculty of Medicine Pristina-Kosovska Mitrovica
2Innovation Center, Faculty of Technology&Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Serbia
3Public Health Institute, Kosovska Mitrovica,Serbia
4Department of Technology & Metallurgy, Faculty of Technical Sciences University of Pristina, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
5 Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics-Faculty of Medicine Belgrade
6Clinic ”Dr Miroslav Zotovic”-Belgrade, Serbia
The research was conducted within the project TR 37016 of Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia
Introduction. Inadequate and unplanned municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills pose a huge problem and long-lasting risk for the environment and humans as well. Inadequate positioning and organization of MSW landfills could be a source of additional problems for environmental pollution. These problems are specially expressed when the landfills exercise direct influence on the groundwater pollution.
Objectives. Determination of bacteriological pollution disposition from solid waste landfills into the environment.
Materials and Methods. Water sampling was carried out in the surrounding of the MSW landfill in which it achieves direct contact between landfill content and groundwaters. Taking into account position of the MSW landfill, surface water, groundwater as well as landfill's wastewater were analyzed. Samples were analyzed at microbiological laboratory of the Public Health Institute in Kosovska Mitrovica.
Results. Total number of bacteria per ml in surface water sample – before landfill was 800, first piezometer – before landill – was 60 000. In landfill wastewater sample we found 160 000 (with the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa) while in second piezometer – after landfill and surface water also after landfill we found same number of 100 000.
Conclusions. MSW landfills represent the large source of groundwater bacterial contamination. Structure of groundwater and surface water pollution influenced by landfill had a significant changes, both in their number and in content.
Keywords: Municipal Landfills, Bacterial Contamination, Water.
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26. PARTICIPATION IN LGC PT SCHEME- METALS IN WASTE WATER AQ 3506
Biljana Ljubenović,J.Videnović, I.Kamenović, S.Veličković Public Health Institute Nis
Metals are cations that are best suited for research and analysis. Purchase of the first atomic-absorption-spectrophotometer (AAS), 1988, Laboratory for Sanitary Chemistry, Public Health Institute, Niš, was included in the first five laboratories which were able to be next to the analysis of metals in food, water, air pollution and general purpose , conducts scientific research, as a logical sequence of training and testing of daily work followed the different interlaboratory comparisons both local and global character.
Today, interlaboratory comparisons are mandatory requirement that each laboratory must meet in order to have the authority to operate. 2014, we participated in Aquacheck PT Schema AQ3506, the matrix waste water. The subject of the analysis are ten metals in different concentration ranges.
Results for the nine metals were within the permissible values as follows: As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ni and Zn. Z-score for Cd, was outside acceptability range.
Key words: inter-laboratory analysis, metals
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27. LEAD CONTENT IN PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS AND BODY AND FACE COSMETICS
Konstansa Lazarević1,2, Ljubenović B.2, Videnović J.2, Bogdanović D.1,2
1State University of Novi Pazar
2Public Health Institute Niš
The purpose of this paper is to determine lead concentration in personal care products and body and face cosmetics (group A and B), an to interpret the results in accordance with the Regulations on conditions concerning health and safety of personal care products and cosmetics that can be put on the market.
The accredited laboratory for sanitary chemistry (ISO 17025) of the Public Health Institute Nis, in the period from June 2008 to June 2009, using atomic spectrophotometry method, determined the content of lead in 131 personal care products and body and face cosmetics (group A and B).
The lead content for mouth and dental care products was (n=7) from 0.2-1.30 mg/kg, for products for beatification and coloring of lips (n=16) from <0.02-1.32 mg/kg, for products for beautification and coloring of eyes (n=9) from 0.11-5.1 mg/kg, for skin care and protection products (n=57) <0.02-1.32 mg/kg, for face and body coloring n=9)- 0.002-2.68 mg/kg and for deodorants (n=33) <0.02-1.32 mg/kg.
The Regulations stipulates the maximum lead concentrations that can be released from mouth and dental care products (10 mg/kg), products for beatification and coloring of lips (20mg/kg) and products for beautification and coloring of eyes and other product that stay on skin for longer period up to 30 mg/kg.
The levels of lead in all analyzed samples were significantly lower than those stipulated by the Regulations, and there is no health risk for lead exposure by means of personal care products and body and face cosmetics.
Key words: lead, personal care products, face and body cosmetics
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28. MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR DETERMINING THE ZONE OF AIR POLLUTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD LEAD LEVELS
Ćorac Aleksandar1, Barać Nemanja2, Milićević Saša3 i Bukumirić Zoran4
1Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Priština - Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
2Innovation Center, Faculty of Technology & Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
3Clinic "Dr Miroslav Zotović" – Belgrade, Serbia
4Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
The research was conducted within the project TR 37016 of Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia
Introduction. In the areas where air pollution by heavy metals is present, distribution of pollution is usually not uniform. Mathematical models could provide an significant assistance in quality and speed of obtaining results of distribution of air pollution.
Objective. Determining the trends of capillary blood lead levels (cBLL) among workers in the zones with different levels of air pollution, established by a mathematical model of distribution.
Materials and Methods. Using a mathematical model provided in the WRPLOT ViewTM 7.0.0. software, we determined air-pollution spreading of the town of Leposavić. In two groups, we sort the 35 subjects. According to the mathematical model, the first subjects group was their work activities performed in the zone of contamination, while the second subjects group their activities was performed outside of the zone of contamination. In both groups we found that certain cBLL.
Results. The mean cBLL value of all subjects was 15,1 ± 14,6 µg/dl. The mean cBLL value of workers from the second group was 5,9 ± 4,7 µg/dl, while in workers of the first group it was 23,4 ± 15.6 µ g/dl, which is statistically significant difference (p<0,001). Workers of the first group had significantly higher vBLL values.
Conclusions. cBLL values of workers employed in zones with higher levels of air pollution, defined by a mathematical model, were higher. The level of lead in biological material follows environment pollution levels, previously defined by mathematical model.
Keywords: Air Pollution, Matematical Models, Blood Lead Level.
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29. CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO CADMIUM IN METAL INDUSTRY
Vesna Lazarević1, Ivan Krstić2
1Military Hospital Niš, Centre for Preventive Medical Care
2Faculty of Occupational Safety, University of Niš,
Objectives: Chronic poisoning professionally can occur after long-term exposure to cadmium by inhalation or orally, which has the task to study its toxic effects. Given that exposure to low levels of cadmium in biological materials is an important indicator of the toxicological risk, performed the statistical analysis of the association of age and length of service and cadmium concentrations.
Materials and methods: The applied analytical method type of retrospective epidemiological cohort study covering the period of ten years. We used data from the annual reports of social services and medical statistics, data from medical records and the specific primary health care professional is employed and the Institute for Health Workers and the Public Health Institute in Nis. Using atomic absorption spectrometry, the analysis of the concentration of cadmium in biological material. Statistical analysis and presentation of the results was performed software packages Excel, Matlab, SPSS19.0.
Results: The level of cadmium in blood and urine of exposed groups during the study period was positively correlated with age (r=0,722, p<0,01 i r=0,656, p<0,01, respectively).
Determined by the high positive correlation between the concentration of cadmium in blood and urine and the exposed length of service in exposed subjects during the time of study, (r=0,806, p<0,01 i r=0,705, p<0,01, respectively).
Conclusion: These data confirm the association between occupational exposure to cadmium as well as the age and length of service exposed and pointing to a response to the effects of harmful effects. A retrospective cohort epidemiological study showed that the systematic effects of cadmium exposure results in an increase of its concentration in biological material, confirming the hypothesis of high toxicological risk.
Key words: cadmium, chronic exposure, toxicological risk.
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170 SESSION: SOCIAL MEDICINE
TOPIC: INDICATORS OF HEALTH STATUS AND FUNCTIONING OF THE