Cronograma de Trabajo

Actividades

Dic 15 Ene 16 Feb 16

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

1. Elección del tema

2. Revisión bibliográfica

3. Aprobación del proyecto

4. Ejecución

5. Análisis e interpretación

6. Informe final

Fecha de inicio: 15 de Diciembre 2015

61

Bibliografia (Del Proyecto de tesis)

1. Plummer MP, Blaser A, Deane AM. Stress ulceration: prevalence, pathology and association with adverse outcomes. Crit Care 2014;18(2):213. Availablefrom: http://ccforum.com/content/18/2/213

2. Bardou M, Quenot J-P, Barkun A. Stress-related mucosal disease in the critically ill patient. Nat Rev GastroenterolHepatol [Internet]. Nature Publishing Group; 2015 Jan 6 [cited 2016 Jan 8];12(2):98–107. Availablefrom: http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nrgastro.2014.235 3. Cook DJ, Fuller HD, Guyatt GH, Marshall JC, Leasa D, Hall R, et al.. Risk factors for Gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients. New England Journal of Medicine 1994; 330(6): . www.nejm.org

4. Herzig SJ, Rothberg MB, Feinbloom DB, Howell MD, Ho KKL, Ngo LH, et al. Risk factors for nosocomial gastrointestinal bleeding and use of acid- suppressive medication in non-critically ill patients. J Gen Intern Med [Internet]. 2013 May [cited 2015 Nov 25];28(5):683–90. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov

5. Holm L, Phillipson M, Atuma C, Henriksna J, Atuma C, Henriks- J. The importance of mucus layers and bicarbonate transport in preservation of gastric juxtamucosalpH. Am J PhysiolGastrointest Liver Physiol. 2001 September [cited 2016 Jan 8]

6. DeFoneska A, Kaunitz JD. Gastroduodenal mucosal defense. CurrOpinGastroenterol [Internet]. 2010 Nov [cited 2016 Jan 8];26(6):604– 10. Available from: http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/

7. Stollman N, Metz DC. Pathophysiology and prophylaxis of stress ulcer in intensive care unit patients. J Crit Care [Internet]. 2005 Mar [cited 2016 Jan 8];20(1):35–45. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve 8. American Society of Health System Pharmacists ASHP therapeutic

guidelines on stress ulcer prophylaxis. Am J Health Syst Pharm.1999;56:347–79.

9. Kurek SJ, Moya MA De, Sing RF, Alan J. EAST Practice manageentguideliens for stress ulcer prophylaxis. 2008;

10.Hong MT, Monye LC, Seifert CF. Acid Suppressive Therapy for Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Noncritically Ill Patients. Ann Pharmacother [Internet]. 2015 Sep [cited 2015 Nov 25];49(9):1004–8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26139638

11.Vásquez Alva R, Amado Tineo JP, Zamora Gonzáles PL, Zamora Chávez SC. Uso inadecuado del bloqueador H2 histamina ranitidina en pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de emergencia de adultos de un hospital general de EsSalud. An la Fac Med [Internet]. 2015 Mar 31 [cited 2016 Jan

62

http://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/anales/article/view/110 73

12.Krag M, Perner A, Wetterslev J, Wise MP, HylanderMøller M. Stress ulcer prophylaxis versus placebo or no prophylaxis in critically ill patients. A systematic review of randomised clinical trials with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Intensive Care Med [Internet]. 2014 Jan [cited 2016 Jan

11];40(1):11–22. Available from:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24141808

13.Marik PE, Vasu T, Hirani A, Pachinburavan M. Stress ulcer prophylaxis in the new millennium: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2010 Nov [cited 2016 Jan 8];38(11):2222–8. Available from: http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/openurl?sid=WKPTLP:landingpage& an=00003246-201011000-00020

14.Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Rhodes A, Annane D, Gerlach H, Opal SM, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2012. Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2013 Feb

[cited 2015 Dec 1];41(2):580–637. Available from:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23353941

15.MacLaren R, Reynolds PM, Allen RR. Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonists vs Proton Pump Inhibitors on Gastrointestinal Tract Hemorrhage and Infectious Complications in the Intensive Care Unit. JAMA Intern Med [Internet]. 2014 Apr 1 [cited 2016 Jan 8];174(4):564. Available from: http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/jamainternmed.2 013.14673

16.MacLaren R, Kassel LE, Kiser TH, Fish DN. Proton pump inhibitors and histamine-2 receptor antagonists in the intensive care setting: focus on therapeutic and adverse events. Expert Opin Drug Saf [Internet]. 2015 Feb

[cited 2016 Jan 8];14(2):269–80. Available from:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25423448

17.Rosen R, Amirault J, Liu H, Mitchell P, Hu L, Khatwa U, et al. Changes in Gastric and Lung Microflora With Acid Suppression. JAMA Pediatr [Internet]. 2014 Oct 1 [cited 2016 Jan 8];168(10):932. Available from: http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/jamapediatrics.2 014.696

18.Lazarus B, Chen Y, Wilson FP, Sang Y, Chang AR, Coresh J, et al. Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease. JAMA Intern Med [Internet]. 2016 Jan 11 [cited 2016 Jan 12];21205:238. Available from: http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/jamainternmed.2 015.7193

19.Cohen S, Janicki-Deverts D, Miller G. Psychological stress and disease. JAMA [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2016 Mar 7];298(14):1685–7. Available from: http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=209083

20. Gold PW, Machado-Vieira R, Pavlatou MG. Clinical and biochemical manifestations of depression: relation to the neurobiology of stress. Neural

63

Plast [Internet]. Hindawi Publishing Corporation; 2015 Jan [cited 2016 Feb

22];2015:581976. Available from:

http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=4387963&tool= pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract

21.Levenstein S, Rosenstock S, Jacobsen RK, Jorgensen T. Psychological stress increases risk for peptic ulcer, regardless of Helicobacter pylori infection or use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. ClinGastroenterolHepatol [Internet]. Elsevier, Inc; 2015 Mar [cited 2016

Feb 15];13(3):498–506.e1. Available from:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25111233

22.Caso J, Leza J, Menchen L. The effects of physical and psychological stress on the gastrointestinal tract: lessons from animal models. CurrMol Med [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2016 Mar 7];299–312. Available from: http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/cmm/2008/00000008/0000000 4/art00007

64

ANEXO 2

Escala de riesgo de sangrado gastrointestinal en pacientes hospitalizados en unidades no-criticas

Referencia: 4

Factor de Riesgo Puntaje

Edad >60 2

Sexo masculino 2

Injuria renal aguda 2

Sepsis 2 Enfermedad hepática 2 Anticoagulación profiláctica 2 Coagulopatia 3 Hospitalización en servicio de Medicina 3

Riesgo: Bajo: <7 puntos

Riesgo Bajo-Moderado: 8-9 puntos Riesgo Moderado- Alto: 10-11 puntos Riesgo Alto: > 12 puntos

65

ANEXO 3

: Ficha de recolección de datos

Ficha N° __________

Edad: ____ años . Sexo: M  F 

Fármaco recibido como profilaxis:

Vía de Administración

Tiempo de duración de Terapia

Cuantificación de riesgo

Factor de Riesgo Puntaje

Edad >60 Sexo masculino Injuria renal aguda

Sépsis Enfermedad hepática Anticoagulación profiláctica Coagulopatia Hospitalización en servicio de Medicina

1

ANEXO 4

Matriz de procesamiento de datos

Edad >60 años Sexo masculino Injuria renal aguda Enfermedad hepática Anticoagulaciòn profiláctica Coagulopatia Hospitalización en servicio de medicina Suma de puntaje Fármaco Vía de administración Duración de terapia