Currículo de Educación Infantil

Image 4.2 (Lower Left): ERA built privy from Randolph County. Image from, Emergency Relief in North Carolina: A Record of the Development and the Activities of the North Carolina Emergency Relief Administration 1932-1935 (Raleigh: Edwards & Broughton, 1936), 178.

Image 4.3 (Lower Right): Wilkes County privy. From WPA project 5019-Community Sanitation, Wilkes County, North Carolina. (Undated) Highway Department, Photograph File, WPA Photos, Box 1, Courtesy of the North Carolina State Archives [Electronic Exhibit]. Image 4.1 (Right): One example of United States Public Health Service standardized privy model, with concrete risers, from their 1933 manual. “The Sanitary Privy,”Public Health Reports; Supplement, No. 108. (Washington D.C.: Government Publishing Office, 1933), 28-29.

183

Figure 1: “Loading completed privy houses on truck for delivery to site.”

Figure 2: “Privy erection. Placing wood cribbing in privy well.”

Figure 3: “Privy erection. Back filling and tamping the earth around sanitary base and mud sill.”

Figure 4: “Privy erection. Fitting vent stack and lid on sanitary base.”

Figure 5: “Fitting seat and lid on sanitary base of privy.”

Figure 6: “Final operation in setting of sanitary privy at the job site.”

Image 4.4 (Six Figures Below)- Farm Security Administration (FSA) crew installing a privy in Southeastern Missouri. Southeast Missouri Farms Project. All Photographs by Russell Lee, (May 1938) Set of images from FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF33- 011478-M3, LC-USF33-011507-M1, LC-USF33-011536-M5, LC-USF33-011505-M2, LC-USF33- 011505-M5 and LC-USF33-011489-M4

184

Image 4.6 (Upper Right): Caption reads, “James F. Drigger draws water from his well. Coffee County, Alabama.” Photographer, John Collier, (August 1941) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34-080388-E.

Image 4.5 (Left): Caption reads, “Screen door at the home of tenant purchase client Robert McKiver. Showing FSA (Farm Security Administration) pump in back. Woodville, Greene County, Georgia.” Photographer, Jack Delano, (June 1941) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34-044566-D.

Image 4.7 (Left): Caption reads, “FSA (Farm Security Administration) supervisor measuring windows of Henry Mitchell's home for screens. Greene County, Georgia.” Photographer, Marion Post Wolcott, (May 1939) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34- 051853-D.

185

Image 4.8 (Left): Caption reads, “Migrant packinghouse workers' camp in swamp cane clearing. Housing two families (twelve people) from Tennessee. No lights, no water, no privy. Wash water is hauled from dirty canal, drinking water is hauled from packing house. Belle Glade, Florida.” Photographer, Marion Post Wolcott, (January 1939) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC- USF34-051072-E.

Image 4.9 (Below): Caption reads, “Negro sharecropper house. “They treat us better here than where we did live. No privy in sight, had to get water from the spring, so far away that the man was gone twenty minute getting a bucket of water.” Person County, North Carolina.” Photographer, Dorothea Lange, (July 1939) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34-019971-C.

186

Image 4.10 (Left): Caption reads, “Privy of sharecropper, New Madrid County, Missouri.” Photographer, Russell Lee, (May 1938) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF33- 011497-M2.

Image 4.11 (Right): Caption reads, “Shed and privy on farmstead of Emil Kimball, farmer. Morganza, Louisiana.” Russell Lee, (October 1938) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34-031779-D.

Image 4.12 (Left): Caption reads, “Privy in Negro transient agricultural workers quarters. Homestead, Florida.” Photographer, Marion Post Wolcott, (January 1939) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34- 050860-D.

187

Image 4.13 (Upper left): Caption reads, “Outhouses on farm of prospective tenant of Newport

News Homesteads. Newport News, Virginia.” Photographer, Arthur Rothstein, (November 1937) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34-025996-D Image 4.14 (Upper Right): Caption reads, “Privy used by Negroes living in shacks on highway between Charleston and Gauley Bridge, West Virginia.” Photographer, Marion Post Wolcott, (September 1938) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF33-030252- M1

Image 4.15 (Lower Left): Caption reads, “Privy on the premises of a Negro family before they moved to a Farm Security Administration Delmo group labor homes house in southeastern Missouri.” Photographer, John Vachon, (1941) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34-007640-ZE.

Image 4.16 (Lower right): Caption reads, “Old henhouse and privy, New Madrid County, Missouri.” Photographer, Russell Lee, (May 1938) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF33-011539-M1.

188

Image 4.18 (Below): Caption reads, “Tenant farmer's privy. Irwin County, Georgia.” Photographer, John Vachon (May 1938), FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF33-T01-001133-M3.

Image 4.19 (Lower Left): Caption reads, “Privy near Greensboro, North Carolina.” Photographer, John Vachon, (April 1938) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34- 008366-C.

Image 4.20 (Lower Right): Caption from FSA Image: “Privy used by sharecroppers, Southeast Missouri Farms.” Photographer, Russell Lee, (May 1938) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF33-011559-M4.

Image 4.17 (Left): Caption reads, “Privy, Olga, Louisiana” Photographer, Russell Lee, (September 1938) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF33-011818-M2.

189

Image 4.21 (Upper Left): Caption reads, “Washington (southwest section), D.C. Negro woman in her backyard. The wooden privy and the source for drinking water are side by side.”

Photographer, Gordon Parks, (November 1942) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USW3-011045-C.

Image 4.22 (Upper Right): Caption reads, “Typical privy in slum section of Washington, D.C.” Photographer, Carl Mydans, (September 1935) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-129931.

Image 4.23 (Below): Caption reads, “Steelmill workers' company houses and outhouses. Republic Steel Company, Birmingham, Alabama.” Photographer, Walker Evans, (March 1936) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF342-T01-008013-A.

190

Image 4.24 (Above): Caption reads, “Privies being built by FSA (Farm Security Administration). Greene County, Georgia.” Photographer, Jack Delano, (May 1941) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34-044291-D.

Image 4.25 (Lower Left): Caption reads, “Privy plant. Cleaning metal forms for sanitary privy base. Southeast Missouri Farms Project.” Photographer, Russell Lee, (May 1938) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF33-011470-M3.

Image 4.26 (Lower Right): A promotional poster that is advocating new sanitary privies, by “showing an outhouse in a picturesque, small town setting.” Published in Chicago, IL for the WPA Federal Art Project, (1936 –1941) WPA Poster Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USZC2-1594.

191

Image 4.27 (Upper Left): Caption reads, “New privy. Helms family, FSA (Farm Security Administration) clients. Coffee County, Alabama.” Photographer, Marion Post Wolcott, (May 1939) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34-051297-D. Image 4.28 (Upper Right): Note: The privies are the houses’ only outbuilding. Caption reads, “Group of prefabricated houses and privies that have been built by the FSA (Farm Security Administration) to take care of some of the white farmers who had to move out of the area taken over by the Army for maneuver grounds. Milford, Caroline County, Virginia.”

Photographer, Jack Delano, (June 1941) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34-044846-D.

Image 4.29 (Below): Caption reads, “Privies. Onward march the crusaders of rural sanitary conditions. Southeast Missouri Farms Project.” Photographer, Russell Lee, (May 1938) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF33-011451-M4

192

Image 4.30 (Upper Left): Note the New Deal privy at the side of the screened porch (at what is most likely an FSA prefabricated home). Caption reads, “Homesteaders children. Penderlea Homesteads, North Carolina.” Photographer, Carl Mydans, (August 1936) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF33-T01-000712-M3.

Image 4.31 (Upper Right): Caption reads, “New privy on farm of Frederick Oliver, tenant purchase client. Summerton, South Carolina.” Photographer, Marion Post Wolcott, (June 1939) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34-051928-D.

Image 4.32 (Below): Caption reads, “One of the scattered labor homes with privy. New Madrid County, Missouri.” Photographer, John Vachon, (November 1940) FSA/OWI Collection, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF34-061847-D.