Clear and concise “How-to-Use” animated videos were then created for user demonstration of each tool (see DVDs or visit the colorectal training website). The videos covered examples of how to navigate the map and use of the available functions. Both videos were integrated onto the map and played automatically each time the tools were loaded. A skip button was created below the videos to direct users straight to the interface map.
3.1.7.1 How to use the multimedia tool?
A short explanation of how to use both multimedia tools, integrated with all media content, is given below. The section below explains how to use the tool multimedia tool, followed by a sequence of images demonstrating the tool (an example is shown from a pathway in each case).
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3.1.7.2 Use of Open Anterior Resection Multimedia Educational Tool
To start interacting with the tool, users need to click on a particular step in the menu toolbar. This opens the list of subtasks (Figure 3.7). By rolling over each subtask, users are able see the text information displayed on the bottom panel.
Clicking on a subtask commands the subtask to zoom directly to the corresponding video icon on the map. An overview video introduces each step by summarising the key aspects to complete the step. Users then need to click on the video icon to start video playback; playback can be paused at any time and there is a function to increase or decrease the volume setting.
To follow a step sequentially, the user can follow all the subtasks by using the control panel in the right-hand bottom corner. Option buttons direct the user to the next subtask (or next step if at the final subtask) or return to the main interface map. In this way users have full control of the map creating a self-directed approach to the learning experience.
An additional resources section was built at the bottom of the menu toolbar. Videos clips including footage or animations of anatomical structures (e.g. lesser sac, marginal artery) and instruments were edited into separate sections in the resources section to provide quick reference.
The subtask information box, on the bottom panel, displays the key information and further decision making points whilst the video is being played back. The control panel in the right hand corner provide zoom function and also allow the map to be moved around.
The short ‘How-to-use’ video automatically plays each time the tool is loaded. The video provides users a quick demonstration on the tool and the how to navigate the map using the key functions. A skip button was placed below the video to direct users straight to the map.
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Figure 3.7 Interaction sequences with interface map to open a particular video clip Interface map
Click Step 1 and rollover subtask 1b Subtask highlighted
Subtask rollover activates text display
Click subtask on menu toolbar into
video icon 1b Click icon 1b to
play video clip
Volume control Control panel to return
to menu/ play next subtask video Play, pause, stop & fast
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3.1.7.3 Use of Laparoscopic Multimedia Educational Tool
This tool is designed to cover all possible pathways (or combination of steps) to complete the laparoscopic procedure. Users interact with the tool by starting at the beginning of the procedure (i.e. Set-up subtask) and following subtasks sequentially in a linear left-to-right fashion to end with the ‘Port and Wound Closure’ subtask. To navigate the map, users need to rollover the optional Y/ N boxes (Figure 3.8). These boxes are designated at key decision making steps during the procedure.
Users can either choose to click and view each video icon or rollover/ click the Y/N boxes to create a pathway. Y or N boxes must be clicked to activate further subtask boxes until the next decision making stage (i.e. another Y/N box). For example the first Y/N box is after the ‘RIF adhesions present’ icon. This activates another sequence of subtasks until the next Y/N box is encountered, after the ‘Technically feasible
laparoscopically’ box. Users can then choose three standard approaches to progress. All mobilisations steps are colour-coded. Users should continue along the pathway chosen until the next Y/N box is encountered. Using the control panel in the right hand corner allows users to review the pathway chosen at any time. Holding down the left mouse button also allows users to drag backwards on the ‘timeline’ or pathway. To use an alternative pathway, users should return to the preceding Y/N boxes. Once a new pathway is chosen the previous subtasks displayed are erased from the screen. Therefore only one pathway is displayed at any given time. Users can also start a completely new pathway by clicking “restart”; users are then returned to the set-up box.
To open a video clip, users must click on the icon. This will activate the clip to be played back. The display below the video provides subtask key points, instrumentation used (ports required) and operating team/ patient position. The map does not allow users to view particular subtasks in the pathway directly. User will need to navigate the map by choosing the various Y/N options to locate the subtask. However, once users are accustomed to the tool, navigating the interface in this manner is straightforward.
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Figure 3.8 Interaction with laparoscopic interface map to open a particular subtask video clip
Click video icon to play video clip
Click N activates subtask Click icon to activate subtask sequence Rollover to click Y/N to activate subtasks Video clip displayed with text information Click Y to activate three approaches
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