TIPO DE RESIUDOS NOVIEMBRE
DEBILIDADES FORTALEZAS - Los residuos anatomopatológicos
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Storage of milk
Remember the following when storing milk and milk products.
• Fresh milk should be ordered daily.
• Store in the refrigerator below 5 C.
• Milk must be stored in a refrigerator but not more than 34 days.
• Milk should not be kept open with other foods as it easily absorbs smell.
• Fresh milk should be kept in the clean container.
• Bottled and tinned milk should be stored in cool, dry, and ventilated rooms.
• Powdered milk should be packed in airtight containers and kept in a dry store.
6.1.2 Cream
Cream is the lighter portion of milk which contains all the constituents of milk but in different proportions. The fat content of cream is lighter than that of milk and the water content and the other contents are lower. Cream is separated from the milk and heat treated.
Following table shows various types of creams
TYPES OF CREAM FAT CONTENT
Half cream 12 %
Single cream 18 %
Soured cream 18 %
Whipped cream 35 %
Double cream 48 %
Clotted cream 55 %
Sterilized cream 23 %
UHT cream 35%
Half 12 %
Single 18 %
Whipped 35%
Storage of cream
Remember the following when storing cream and cream products.
• Fresh cream should be kept in the container in which it is delivered.
• Fresh cream must be stored in the refrigerator until required.
• Cream should be kept covered as it easily absorbs smell from other foods, such as onion and fish.
• Tinned cream should be stored in cool, dry, ventilated rooms.
• Frozen cream should only be thawed as required and should be refrozen.
• Artificial cream should be kept in the refrigerator.
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FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICE LEARNER MANUAL
FOOD PRODUCTION (ASSISTANT COOK) LEARNER'S MANUAL
6.1.3 Cheese
Cheese is a generic term for a diverse group of milkbased food products. Cheese is produced throughout the world in wideranging flavours, textures, and forms.
Cheese consists of proteins and fat from milk, usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep. It is produced by coagulation of the milk protein casein.
Cheese can be eaten freshly made or mature; some mature for more than three years. There are different types of cheese and these are their characteristics:
Soft white cheese: This is the simplest type of cheese, usually based on cow’s milk that has not been matured. It is not pressed and the texture is soft and smooth. Examples: Cottage cheese, Petit Suisse, Halloumi, buffalo mozzarella, feta and ricotta,
Bloomyrind cheese: During the cheesemaking process, the outside of some soft cheese is coated with Penicillium cardamom. The rind that forms is white, soft and sometimes a little fuzzy, and it is called "bloomy." This type of cheese first begins to ripen on the outside; the middle of the cheese is the last part to ripen and becomes soft and runny.
Examples: Camembert and Brie are the most wellknown bloomyrind cheese.
Washedrind cheese: Washedrind cheese is typically bathed in a salted water, wine, brandy or local spirits, according to the traditions of each region. The washing process helps to break down the curd from the outside, and it gradually becomes part of the cheese, rather than just a skin. Examples: Munster, Maroilles, Epoisses, Limburger and Taleggio.
Pressed, uncooked cheese: Tomme is the bestknown example of this pressed, uncooked family, also called semihard cheese. Raw or pasteurized milk is heated to 36°C; the curds are fragmented into very small pieces, the same size as a grain of rice and then put into a clothfitted mould to be pressed. Examples: Cheddar, Cantal, Gouda, Reblochon and SaintNectaire.
Pressed, cooked cheese: These cheese, typically large and very heavy, fall into two distinct subgroups: hard table or grating cheese and mountainstyle cheese. Both start from the same process. The curds, after forming, are cut up into smaller pieces, and then further heated to release excess moisture. The end results are some of the world's most popular cheese. Examples: Comté, Appenzeller, Romano and Asiago.
Bluemould cheese: Blue moulds are members of the penicillin family, but unlike white moulds, they grow inside a cheese. Examples: Gorgonzola, Roquefort, Stilton, Fourme d’Ambert.
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MODULE 1: TOURISM, HOSPITALITY, FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICE
Naturalrind cheese: These cheese have rinds that are selfformed during the aging process. Generally, no moulds or micro flora are added, nor is washing used to create the exterior rinds and those that do exhibit moulds and micro flora get them naturally from the environment. Because most naturalrind cheese are aged for many weeks, to develop their flavour as well as the rinds, they are typically made from raw milk.
Examples: Saint Marcellin, Valen ay, Sainte Maure, Pouligny SaintPierre.
Processed cheese: This is a relatively new family of cheese that first appeared during World War I. Processed cheese are made by heating and blending together several natural cheese with an emulsifying agent. Examples: Kernhem, Laughing Cow and Cancoillotte.
Remember the following when handling and Storage of Cheese 1 Whole cheese should be stored in their original packaging.
2 All other cheese would benefit from being wrapped in wax paper and then aluminium foil.
3 Avoid storing cheese in plastic wrap, which prevents it from breathing and alters its rind or interior.
4 As a general rule, the packaging must seal the cheese to prevent it from drying out.
5 Be sure to remove cheese from the refrigerator one hour before serving so that it can be eaten at room temperature.
6 Vacuum packing is not recommended except for hard cheese, as this process will not damage their shape.
7 Freezing is generally not recommended because the cheese’s texture can deteriorate. However, processed cheese and cheese that are used for cooking, such as cheddar or Edam, store very well in the freezer if they are grated.
8 Ideally, depending on the type of cheese, it should be stored in a fresh and wet environment between 2°C and 4°C, with a good ventilation system.
Cheese Suggestions per Meal Period
Breakfast: During breakfast, soft and mild cheese are preferable. Here are some recommended cheese for a breakfast buffet: Soft white cheese like cottage cheese, Petit Suisse, Halloumi, buffalo mozzarella, feta and ricotta.
Bloomyrind cheese like Camembert and Brie could preferably be served with Pressed, uncooked cheese like cheddar, Cantal, Gouda, Tomme, Pressed, cooked cheese like Comté, Appenzeller, Gruyère or Natural
rind cheese, especially goat cheese like Valençay, Sainte Maure, Pouligny SaintPierre.
Lunch and Dinner: During these two meal periods, any