EL DERECHO AL MEDIO AMBIENTE SANO EN EL MERCOSUR Y EN SUS ESTADOS MIEMBROS
1. El derecho al medio ambiente sano en el Derecho del MERCOSUR
82.2% of the respondents agree to some degree with the attitude “There are advantages to being able to speak Standard German,” while only 7.1% disagree with this attitude. The distribution of the respondents is illustrated in Table 5.46 and Graph 5.47.
Similarly, 83.1% of the respondents agree with the attitude “It is very important to be able to speak Standard German,” and only 7.1% disagree with this attitude. The distribution is illustrated in Table 5.48 and Graph 5.49.
76.3% of the respondents indicate agreement with the attitude “There are situations in which Standard German is inappropriate,” while only 9.2% indicate disagreement with this attitude. The distribution of responses to this attitude are displayed in Table 5.50 and Graph 5.51.
82.9% of respondents indicate agreement with the attitude “There are situations in which one should not speak dialect,” and 9.8% indicate disagreement. The distribution of responses to this attitude are listed in Table 5.52 and Graph 5.53.
For the wide majority of the respondents there are situations where it is better to speak Standard German than the local dialect. At the same time, the majority also agree with the idea that speaking Standard German is not always appropriate.
Table 5.46 - “There are advantages to being able to speak Standard German.”
Frequency Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid Completely disagree 16 3.2 3.2 Tend to disagree 19 3.9 7.1 Neither agree nor disagree 52 10.5 17.6 3.5F22F 23 F 1 .2 17.8 Tend to agree 127 25.8 43.6 Completely agree 278 56.4 100.0 Total 493 100.0 Missing System 6 Total 499
Graph 5.47 – “There are advantages to being able to speak Standard German.”
Completely agree Tend to agree 3.5 Neither agree nor disagree Tend to disagree Completely disagree
There are advantages to being able to speak Standard German.
300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Fre que ncy
23 Subject circled two values, 3 and 4, on the survey, indicating a value between “neither agree nor disagree” and “tend to agree.”
Table 5.48 - “It is very important to be able to speak Standard German.”
Frequency Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid Completely disagree 13 2.6 2.6 Tend to disagree 22 4.5 7.1 Neither agree nor disagree 48 9.8 16.9 Tend to agree 136 27.6 44.5 Completely agree 273 55.5 100.0 Total 492 100.0 Missing System 7 Total 499
Graph 5.49 - “It is very important to be able to speak Standard German.”
Completely agree Tend to agree
Neither agree nor disagree Tend to disagree
Completely disagree
It is very important to be able to speak Standard German.
300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Freq uenc y
Table 5.50 - “There are situations in which Standard German is inappropriate.”
Frequency Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid Completely disagree 19 3.9 3.9 Tend to disagree 26 5.3 9.1 Neither agree nor disagree 72 14.6 23.7 Tend to agree 111 22.5 46.2 Completely agree 265 53.8 100.0 Total 493 100.0 Missing System 6 Total 499
Graph 5.51 – “There are situations in which Standard German is inappropriate.”
Completely agree Tend to agree
Neither agree nor disagree Tend to disagree
Completely disagree
There are situations in which Standard German is inappropriate.
300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Fr eque ncy
Table 5.52 - “There are situations in which one should not speak dialect.”
Frequency Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid Completely disagree 19 3.9 3.9 Tend to disagree 29 5.9 9.8 Neither agree nor disagree 36 7.3 17.1 Tend to agree 104 21.1 38.2 Completely agree 304 61.8 100.0 Total 492 100.0 Missing System 7 Total 499
Graph 5.53 - “There are situations in which one should not speak dialect.”
Completely agree Tend to agree
Neither agree nor disagree Tend to disagree
Completely disagree
There are situations in which one should not speak dialect.
300 200 100 0 Fr eque ncy
When these attitudes are correlated with mean dialect frequency, there are significant negative correlations for the attitudes “There are advantages to being able to speak Standard German” (−0.174), “It is very important to be able to speak Standard German” (−0.151), and “There are situations in which one should not speak dialect” (−0.105). Those who agree with these attitudes tend to speak dialect less often. There is a significant positive correlation between mean dialect frequency and the attitude “There are situations in which Standard
German is inappropriate” (0.103). Those who agree with this attitude tend to speak dialect more often.
The statement “There are advantages to being able to speak Standard German” shows negative correlations with the frequency of dialect for 23 of 35 situations. The correlations range from −0.096 to −0.201. For a majority of the situations, those who agree with this attitude tend to speak dialect less often.
The statement “It is very important to be able to speak Standard German” shows negative correlations with dialect frequency for 13 of 35 situations. The significant correlations range from −0.090 to −0.154. For a majority of the situations there is no significant correlation, however in those thirteen situations where there is a significant correlation, those speakers who agree with this attitude tend to speak dialect less often.
The statement “There are situations in which Standard German is inappropriate” shows positive correlations for 18 of 35 situations. The significant correlations range from 0.090 to 0.253. For a majority of the situations, those who agree with this attitude tend to speak dialect more often.
The statement “There are situations, in which one should not speak dialect” shows negative correlations in only 10 of 35 situations. There is also a positivecorrelation
significant at the .05 level for “at a Stammtisch” for the adults. The significant correlations range from −0.251 to −0.117, and +.201 for the adults “at the Stammtisch.” For a majority of the situations there is no significant correlation with dialect frequency, but for the ten
situations where the correlation is negative, speakers who agree with this attitude tend to speak less dialect. For the situation “at a Stammtisch,” those speakers who agree with the attitude tend to speak dialect more often.
From these figures it is clear that respondents believe there are still situations where the standard variety of German is more appropriate than a dialect variety, even with increasing acceptability of dialect in higher domains. The correlations between the frequency of dialect use and the two attitudes “There are advantages to being able to speak Standard German” and “It is very important to be able to speak Standard German” are negative, i.e. speakers who value the standard variety higher, tend to speak dialect less often.
The situations for which there are positive correlations between the statement “There are situations in which Standard German is inappropriate” and the frequency of dialect use are the situations where dialect is the default variety, and in which Standard German would be marked as unusual, inappropriate, or awkward. These situations are the least formal, most intimate situations, such as with close family members, with friends, and classmates and colleagues. The situation “at a Stammtisch” also stands out as a situation where dialect is expected and appropriate, and where Standard German would be seen as arrogant or unusual.
On the other hand, the domains in which there are significant negative correlations between the attitude “There are situations in which one should not speak dialect” and the frequency of dialect use are formal, non-intimate situations where dialect is still not considered appropriate — in a restaurant with the wait staff, with the doctor, and with the school principal — or where the dialect might not be understood by an interlocutor: in Austria outside of the Innviertel, in Germany, with strangers, and with government officials at the state and national levels.