combinatorial likelihood method range from 2% to 8% (2% to 8%). ThepTrelmethod has also been applied tott¯events, yielding results compatible with those from the method applied to dijet events, albeit with larger statistical and systematic uncertainties.
To obtain the best possible accuracy for the b-jet efficiency data-to-simulation scale factors, three individual measurements have been combined based on statistical methods taking into account the correlations in statistical and systematic uncertainties. This combined fit shows good consistency of the different measurements and results in uncertainties between 2% and 4% for transverse momenta between 20 and 200 GeV, rising to 12% for jets with transverse momenta between 200 and 300 GeV.
Two novel methods have been developed to measure the efficiency to tagcjets. The first one is based on a sample where acjet — identified through a semileptonic decay of achadron into a muon — is produced in association with aWboson. Exploiting the correlation of the charges between the muon in thecjet and theWboson provides ac-jet sample with very high purity. The resultingc-jet tagging efficiency scale factors have uncertainties between 5% and 13%, depending on the chosen
b-tagging operating point. The second method is based on the exclusive reconstruction of the decay
D?+ → D0(K−π+)π+ which allows to define a sample ofc jets after the subtraction of theb-jet contribution. The statistical and systematic uncertainties on the data-to-simulation scale factors are about 10% and between 10% and 20%, respectively. Since both methods are based on sub-samples of specificc-hadron decays, a consistent procedure has been developed to obtain results valid for an inclusive sample ofcjets. These two methods have been adopted for the first time to measure the efficiencies ofb-tagging algorithms forcjets.
The rate to misidentify light-flavour jets asbjets has been measured on a sample of QCD jet events using the negative tag method. This method is based on modified versions of the algorithms where the signs of quantities sensitive tob-hadron lifetimes have been inverted. The uncertainties for the individual measurements extending up to jet transverse momenta of 750 GeV are typically in the range from 20% to 50% with a close to negligible statistical contribution.
The b-tagging algorithms discussed in this paper and their data-to-simulation scale factors derived in the calibration analyses have been applied in many ATLAS physics analyses covering a wide range of physics processes.
Acknowledgments
We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently.
We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania;
2016 JINST 11 P04008
MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRSand MIZŠ, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d’Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom.
The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in partic- ular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (U.K.) and BNL (U.S.A.) and in the Tier-2 facilities worldwide.
References
[1] ATLAS collaboration,The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider,2008JINST3
S08003.
[2] ATLAS collaboration,Operation and performance of the ATLAS semiconductor tracker,2014JINST
9P08009[arXiv:1404.7473].
[3] M. Cacciari, G.P. Salam and G. Soyez,The anti-ktjet clustering algorithm,JHEP04(2008) 063 [arXiv:0802.1189].
[4] M. Cacciari and G.P. Salam,Dispelling theN3myth for thektjet-finder,Phys. Lett.B 641(2006) 57 [hep-ph/0512210].
[5] M. Cacciari, G.P. Salam and G. Soyez,FastJet User Manual,Eur. Phys. J.C 72(2012) 1896 [arXiv:1111.6097].
[6] ATLAS collaboration,Jet energy measurement and its systematic uncertainty in proton-proton collisions at√s=7TeV with the ATLAS detector,Eur. Phys. J.C 75(2015) 17[arXiv:1406.0076]. [7] S. Frixione and B.R. Webber,The MC@NLO 3.4 Event Generator,arXiv:0812.0770.
[8] G. Corcella et al.,HERWIG 6: An event generator for hadron emission reactions with interfering gluons (including supersymmetric processes),JHEP01(2001) 010[hep-ph/0011363].
[9] T. Sjöstrand, S. Mrenna and P.Z. Skands,PYTHIA 6.4 Physics and Manual,JHEP05(2006) 026 [hep-ph/0603175].
[10] GEANT4 collaboration, S. Agostinelli et al.,GEANT4: A simulation toolkit,Nucl. Instrum. Meth.A 506(2003) 250.
[11] ATLAS collaboration,The ATLAS Simulation Infrastructure,Eur. Phys. J.C 70(2010) 823 [arXiv:1005.4568].
[12] ATLAS collaboration,Improved luminosity determination in pp collisions at√s=7TeV using the ATLAS detector at the LHC,Eur. Phys. J.C 73(2013) 2518[arXiv:1302.4393].
2016 JINST 11 P04008
[13] ATLAS collaboration,Measurement of the Inelastic Proton-Proton Cross-Section at√s=7TeV with the ATLAS Detector,Nature Commun.2(2011) 463[arXiv:1104.0326].
[14] TOTEM collaboration, G. Antchev et al.,First measurement of the total proton-proton cross section at the LHC energy of√s=7TeV,Europhys. Lett.96(2011) 21002[arXiv:1110.1395].
[15] ATLAS collaboration,Expected Performance of the ATLAS Experiment — Detector, Trigger and Physics,arXiv:0901.0512.
[16] ATLAS collaboration,Performance of primary vertex reconstruction in proton-proton collisions at
√
s=7TeV in the ATLAS experiment,ATLAS-CONF-2010-069(2010).
[17] ALEPH collaboration, D. Buskulic et al.,A precise measurement ofΓ(Z →bb¯)/Γ(Z →hadrons),
Phys. Lett.B 313(1993) 535.
[18] P. Nason,A new method for combining NLO QCD with shower Monte Carlo algorithms,JHEP11
(2004) 040[hep-ph/0409146].
[19] S. Frixione, P. Nason and C. Oleari,Matching NLO QCD computations with Parton Shower simulations: the POWHEG method,JHEP11(2007) 070[arXiv:0709.2092].
[20] A. Hoecker et al.,TMVA, Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis with ROOT,CERN-OPEN-2007-007 (2007).
[21] ATLAS collaboration,Performance of the ATLAS Trigger System in 2010,Eur. Phys. J.C 72(2012) 1849[arXiv:1110.1530].
[22] M. Capeans et al.,ATLAS Insertable B-Layer Technical Design Report,CERN-LHCC-2010-013 (2010).
[23] ATLAS collaboration,Performance of the ATLAS Inner Detector Track and Vertex Reconstruction in the High Pile-Up LHC Environment,ATLAS-CONF-2012-042(2012).
[24] D0 collaboration, V.M. Abazov et al.,b-Jet Identification in the D0 Experiment,Nucl. Instrum. Meth.
A 620(2010) 490[arXiv:1002.4224].
[25] ATLAS collaboration,Further ATLAS tunes of PYTHIA6 and PYTHIA 8,ATL-PHYS-PUB-2011-014 (2011).
[26] Particle Data Group collaboration, K. Nakamura et al.,Review of particle physics,J. Phys.G 37
(2010) 075021.
[27] CDF collaboration, T. Aaltonen et al.,Measurement of Ratios of Fragmentation Fractions for Bottom Hadrons inpp¯Collisions at√s=1.96TeV,Phys. Rev.D 77(2008) 072003[arXiv:0801.4375]. [28] DELPHI collaboration, J. Abdallah et al.,Determination of heavy quark non-perturbative parameters
from spectral moments in semileptonic B decays,Eur. Phys. J.C 45(2006) 35[hep-ex/0510024]. [29] ATLAS collaboration,Jet energy resolution in proton-proton collisions at√s=7TeV recorded in
2010 with the ATLAS detector,Eur. Phys. J.C 73(2013) 2306[arXiv:1210.6210].
[30] Particle Data Group collaboration, K.A. Olive et al.,Review of Particle Physics,Chin. Phys.C 38
(2014) 090001.
[31] CLEO collaboration, G. Brandenburg et al.,Charged track multiplicity inBmeson decay,Phys. Rev.
D 61(2000) 072002[hep-ex/9907057].
2016 JINST 11 P04008
[33] M. Aliev, H. Lacker, U. Langenfeld, S. Moch, P. Uwer and M. Wiedermann,HATHOR: HAdronic Top and Heavy quarks crOss section calculatoR,Comput. Phys. Commun.182(2011) 1034
[arXiv:1007.1327].
[34] A.D. Martin, W.J. Stirling, R.S. Thorne and G. Watt,Parton distributions for the LHC,Eur. Phys. J.C 63(2009) 189[arXiv:0901.0002].
[35] A.D. Martin, W.J. Stirling, R.S. Thorne and G. Watt,Uncertainties onαsin global PDF analyses and
implications for predicted hadronic cross sections,Eur. Phys. J.C 64(2009) 653 [arXiv:0905.3531].
[36] M. Cacciari, M. Czakon, M. Mangano, A. Mitov and P. Nason,Top-pair production at hadron colliders with next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic soft-gluon resummation,Phys. Lett.B 710(2012) 612[arXiv:1111.5869].
[37] M. Czakon and A. Mitov,Top++: A Program for the Calculation of the Top-Pair Cross-Section at Hadron Colliders,Comput. Phys. Commun.185(2014) 2930[arXiv:1112.5675].
[38] M.L. Mangano, M. Moretti, F. Piccinini, R. Pittau and A.D. Polosa,ALPGEN, a generator for hard multiparton processes in hadronic collisions,JHEP07(2003) 001[hep-ph/0206293].
[39] J. Pumplin, D.R. Stump, J. Huston, H.L. Lai, P.M. Nadolsky and W.K. Tung,New generation of parton distributions with uncertainties from global QCD analysis,JHEP07(2002) 012[hep-ph/0201195]. [40] F. Caravaglios, M.L. Mangano, M. Moretti and R. Pittau,A new approach to multijet calculations in
hadron collisions,Nucl. Phys.B 539(1999) 215[hep-ph/9807570].
[41] T. Gleisberg et al.,Event generation with SHERPA 1.1,JHEP02(2009) 007[arXiv:0811.4622]. [42] H.-L. Lai et al.,New parton distributions for collider physics,Phys. Rev.D 82(2010) 074024
[arXiv:1007.2241].
[43] ATLAS collaboration,Performance of Missing Transverse Momentum Reconstruction in
Proton-Proton Collisions at 7 TeV with ATLAS,Eur. Phys. J.C 72(2012) 1844[arXiv:1108.5602]. [44] ATLAS collaboration,Measurement of the charge asymmetry in top quark pair production inpp
collisions at√s=7TeV using the ATLAS detector,Eur. Phys. J.C 72(2012) 2039 [arXiv:1203.4211].
[45] ATLAS collaboration,Measurement of thet-channel single top-quark production cross section inpp
collisions at√s=7TeV with the ATLAS detector,Phys. Lett.B 717(2012) 330[arXiv:1205.3130]. [46] ATLAS collaboration,Measurement of the top quark-pair production cross section with ATLAS in pp
collisions at√s=7TeV,Eur. Phys. J.C 71(2011) 1577[arXiv:1012.1792].
[47] ATLAS collaboration,Measurement of the top quark mass with the template method in thett¯→
lepton + jets channel using ATLAS data,Eur. Phys. J.C 72(2012) 2046[arXiv:1203.5755]. [48] B.P. Kersevan and E. Richter-Was,The Monte Carlo event generator AcerMC versions 2.0 to 3.8 with
interfaces to PYTHIA 6.4, HERWIG 6.5 and ARIADNE 4.1,Comput. Phys. Commun.184(2013) 919 [hep-ph/0405247].
[49] ATLAS collaboration,Measurement of dijet production with a veto on additional central jet activity inppcollisions at√s=7TeV using the ATLAS detector,JHEP09(2011) 053[arXiv:1107.1641]. [50] ATLAS collaboration,Measurement oftt¯production with a veto on additional central jet activity in
pp collisions at√s=7TeV using the ATLAS detector,Eur. Phys. J.C 72(2012) 2043 [arXiv:1203.5015].
2016 JINST 11 P04008
[51] J. Alwall et al.,Comparative study of various algorithms for the merging of parton showers and matrix elements in hadronic collisions,Eur. Phys. J.C 53(2008) 473[arXiv:0706.2569].
[52] N. Kidonakis,Two-loop soft anomalous dimensions for single top quark associated production with a
W−orH−,Phys. Rev.D 82(2010) 054018[arXiv:1005.4451].
[53] N. Kidonakis,Next-to-next-to-leading-order collinear and soft gluon corrections for t-channel single top quark production,Phys. Rev.D 83(2011) 091503[arXiv:1103.2792].
[54] N. Kidonakis,NNLL resummation for s-channel single top quark production,Phys. Rev.D 81(2010) 054028[arXiv:1001.5034].
[55] ATLAS collaboration,Measurement of the cross-section forb-jets produced in association with aZ
boson at√s=7TeV with the ATLAS detector,Phys. Lett.B 706(2012) 295[arXiv:1109.1403]. [56] ATLAS collaboration,Measurement of the top quark pair production cross-section with ATLAS in the
single lepton channel,Phys. Lett.B 711(2012) 244[arXiv:1201.1889].
[57] ATLAS collaboration,Luminosity Determination inppCollisions at√s=7TeV Using the ATLAS Detector at the LHC,Eur. Phys. J.C 71(2011) 1630[arXiv:1101.2185].
[58] ATLAS collaboration,Differential top-antitop cross-section measurements as a function of observables constructed from final-state particles using pp collisions at√s=7TeV in the ATLAS detector,JHEP06(2015) 100[arXiv:1502.05923].
[59] S. Moch and P. Uwer,Heavy-quark pair production at two loops in QCD,Nucl. Phys. Proc. Suppl.
183(2008) 75[arXiv:0807.2794].
[60] A. Valassi,Combining correlated measurements of several different physical quantities,Nucl. Instrum. Meth.A 500(2003) 391.
[61] ATLAS collaboration,Muon reconstruction efficiency in reprocessed 2010 LHC proton-proton collision data recorded with the ATLAS detector,ATLAS-CONF-2011-063(2011).
[62] ATLAS collaboration,A measurement of the muon reconstruction efficiency in 2010 ATLAS data using J/ψdecays,ATLAS-CONF-2012-125(2012).
[63] ATLAS collaboration,A measurement of the ATLAS muon reconstruction and trigger efficiency using
J/ψdecays,ATLAS-CONF-2011-021(2011).
[64] ATLAS collaboration,Performance of the ATLAS muon trigger in 2011,ATLAS-CONF-2012-099 (2012).
[65] ATLAS collaboration,Jet energy measurement with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at
√
s=7TeV,Eur. Phys. J.C 73(2013) 2304[arXiv:1112.6426].
[66] R.D. Ball et al.,Impact of Heavy Quark Masses on Parton Distributions and LHC Phenomenology,
Nucl. Phys.B 849(2011) 296[arXiv:1101.1300].
[67] CDF collaboration, T. Aaltonen et al.,First measurement of the production of aW boson in
association with a single charm quark inpp¯collisions at√s=1.96TeV,Phys. Rev. Lett.100(2008) 091803[arXiv:0711.2901].
[68] CDF collaboration, T. Aaltonen et al.,Observation of the Production of a W Boson in Association with a Single Charm Quark,Phys. Rev. Lett.110(2013) 071801[arXiv:1209.1921].
[69] D0 collaboration, V.M. Abazov et al.,Measurement of the ratio of thepp¯→W+c-jet cross section to the inclusivepp¯→W+jets cross section,Phys. Lett.B 666(2008) 23[arXiv:0803.2259].
2016 JINST 11 P04008
[70] CMS collaboration,Measurement of associated W + charm production in pp collisions at√s=7TeV,
JHEP02(2014) 013[arXiv:1310.1138].
[71] ATLAS collaboration,Measurement of the production of aW boson in association with a charm quark inppcollisions at√s=7TeV with the ATLAS detector,JHEP05(2014) 068
[arXiv:1402.6263].
[72] J.M. Butterworth, J.R. Forshaw and M.H. Seymour,Multiparton interactions in photoproduction at HERA,Z. Phys.C 72(1996) 637[hep-ph/9601371].
[73] M.L. Mangano, M. Moretti and R. Pittau,Multijet matrix elements and shower evolution in hadronic collisions: W bb¯+njets as a case study,Nucl. Phys.B 632(2002) 343[hep-ph/0108069]. [74] C. Anastasiou, L.J. Dixon, K. Melnikov and F. Petriello,High precision QCD at hadron colliders:
Electroweak gauge boson rapidity distributions at NNLO,Phys. Rev.D 69(2004) 094008 [hep-ph/0312266].
[75] J.M. Campbell, R.K. Ellis and C. Williams,Vector boson pair production at the LHC,JHEP07
(2011) 018[arXiv:1105.0020].
[76] J.M. Campbell, R.K. Ellis and F. Tramontano,Single top production and decay at next-to-leading order,Phys. Rev.D 70(2004) 094012[hep-ph/0408158].
[77] ATLAS collaboration,Electron performance measurements with the ATLAS detector using the 2010 LHC proton-proton collision data,Eur. Phys. J.C 72(2012) 1909[arXiv:1110.3174].
2016 JINST 11 P04008
The ATLAS collaboration
G. Aad85, B. Abbott113, J. Abdallah151, O. Abdinov11, R. Aben107, M. Abolins90, O.S. AbouZeid158, H. Abramowicz153, H. Abreu152, R. Abreu30, Y. Abulaiti146a,146b, B.S. Acharya164a,164b,a, L. Adamczyk38a, D.L. Adams25, J. Adelman108, S. Adomeit100, T. Adye131, A.A. Affolder74, T. Agatonovic-Jovin13,
J.A. Aguilar-Saavedra126a,126f, S.P. Ahlen22, F. Ahmadov65,b, G. Aielli133a,133b, H. Akerstedt146a,146b,
T.P.A. Åkesson81, G. Akimoto155, A.V. Akimov96, G.L. Alberghi20a,20b, J. Albert169, S. Albrand55,
M.J. Alconada Verzini71, M. Aleksa30, I.N. Aleksandrov65, C. Alexa26a, G. Alexander153, T. Alexopoulos10, M. Alhroob113, G. Alimonti91a, L. Alio85, J. Alison31, S.P. Alkire35, B.M.M. Allbrooke18, P.P. Allport18,
A. Aloisio104a,104b, A. Alonso36, F. Alonso71, C. Alpigiani76, A. Altheimer35, B. Alvarez Gonzalez30, D. Álvarez Piqueras167, M.G. Alviggi104a,104b, B.T. Amadio15, K. Amako66, Y. Amaral Coutinho24a, C. Amelung23, D. Amidei89, S.P. Amor Dos Santos126a,126c, A. Amorim126a,126b, S. Amoroso48,
N. Amram153, G. Amundsen23, C. Anastopoulos139, L.S. Ancu49, N. Andari30, T. Andeen35, C.F. Anders58b,
G. Anders30, J.K. Anders74, K.J. Anderson31, A. Andreazza91a,91b, V. Andrei58a, S. Angelidakis9, I. Angelozzi107, P. Anger44, A. Angerami35, F. Anghinolfi30, A.V. Anisenkov109,c, N. Anjos12,
A. Annovi124a,124b, M. Antonelli47, A. Antonov98, J. Antos144b, F. Anulli132a, M. Aoki66, L. Aperio Bella18, G. Arabidze90, Y. Arai66, J.P. Araque126a, A.T.H. Arce45, F.A. Arduh71, J-F. Arguin95, S. Argyropoulos42,
M. Arik19a, A.J. Armbruster30, O. Arnaez30, V. Arnal82, H. Arnold48, M. Arratia28, O. Arslan21,
A. Artamonov97, G. Artoni23, S. Asai155, N. Asbah42, A. Ashkenazi153, B. Åsman146a,146b, L. Asquith149, K. Assamagan25, R. Astalos144a, M. Atkinson165, N.B. Atlay141, B. Auerbach6, K. Augsten128,
M. Aurousseau145b, G. Avolio30, B. Axen15, M.K. Ayoub117, G. Azuelos95,d, M.A. Baak30, A.E. Baas58a, C. Bacci134a,134b, H. Bachacou136, K. Bachas154, M. Backes30, M. Backhaus30, P. Bagiacchi132a,132b, P. Bagnaia132a,132b, Y. Bai33a, T. Bain35, J.T. Baines131, O.K. Baker176, P. Balek129, T. Balestri148, F. Balli84, E. Banas39, Sw. Banerjee173, A.A.E. Bannoura175, H.S. Bansil18, L. Barak30, E.L. Barberio88,
D. Barberis50a,50b, M. Barbero85, T. Barillari101, M. Barisonzi164a,164b, T. Barklow143, N. Barlow28, S.L. Barnes84, B.M. Barnett131, R.M. Barnett15, Z. Barnovska5, A. Baroncelli134a, G. Barone49,
A.J. Barr120, F. Barreiro82, J. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa57, R. Bartoldus143, A.E. Barton72, P. Bartos144a, A. Basalaev123, A. Bassalat117, A. Basye165, R.L. Bates53, S.J. Batista158, J.R. Batley28, M. Battaglia137, M. Bauce132a,132b, F. Bauer136, H.S. Bawa143,e, J.B. Beacham111, M.D. Beattie72, T. Beau80,
P.H. Beauchemin161, R. Beccherle124a,124b, P. Bechtle21, H.P. Beck17,f, K. Becker120, M. Becker83, S. Becker100, M. Beckingham170, C. Becot117, A.J. Beddall19b, A. Beddall19b, V.A. Bednyakov65,
C.P. Bee148, L.J. Beemster107, T.A. Beermann175, M. Begel25, J.K. Behr120, C. Belanger-Champagne87, W.H. Bell49, G. Bella153, L. Bellagamba20a, A. Bellerive29, M. Bellomo86, K. Belotskiy98, O. Beltramello30, O. Benary153, D. Benchekroun135a, M. Bender100, K. Bendtz146a,146b, N. Benekos10, Y. Benhammou153, E. Benhar Noccioli49, J.A. Benitez Garcia159b, D.P. Benjamin45, J.R. Bensinger23, S. Bentvelsen107,
L. Beresford120, M. Beretta47, D. Berge107, E. Bergeaas Kuutmann166, N. Berger5, F. Berghaus169, J. Beringer15, C. Bernard22, N.R. Bernard86, C. Bernius110, F.U. Bernlochner21, T. Berry77, P. Berta129, C. Bertella83, G. Bertoli146a,146b, F. Bertolucci124a,124b, C. Bertsche113, D. Bertsche113, M.I. Besana91a,
G.J. Besjes106, O. Bessidskaia Bylund146a,146b, M. Bessner42, N. Besson136, C. Betancourt48, S. Bethke101, A.J. Bevan76, W. Bhimji46, R.M. Bianchi125, L. Bianchini23, M. Bianco30, O. Biebel100, S.P. Bieniek78, M. Biglietti134a, J. Bilbao De Mendizabal49, H. Bilokon47, M. Bindi54, S. Binet117, A. Bingul19b, C. Bini132a,132b, C.W. Black150, J.E. Black143, K.M. Black22, D. Blackburn138, R.E. Blair6,
J.-B. Blanchard136, J.E. Blanco77, T. Blazek144a, I. Bloch42, C. Blocker23, W. Blum83,∗, U. Blumenschein54, G.J. Bobbink107, V.S. Bobrovnikov109,c, S.S. Bocchetta81, A. Bocci45, C. Bock100, M. Boehler48,
J.A. Bogaerts30, A.G. Bogdanchikov109, C. Bohm146a, V. Boisvert77, T. Bold38a, V. Boldea26a,
A.S. Boldyrev99, M. Bomben80, M. Bona76, M. Boonekamp136, A. Borisov130, G. Borissov72, S. Borroni42,
J. Bortfeldt100, V. Bortolotto60a,60b,60c, K. Bos107, D. Boscherini20a, M. Bosman12, J. Boudreau125, J. Bouffard2, E.V. Bouhova-Thacker72, D. Boumediene34, C. Bourdarios117, N. Bousson114, A. Boveia30,
2016 JINST 11 P04008
J. Boyd30, I.R. Boyko65, I. Bozic13, J. Bracinik18, A. Brandt8, G. Brandt54, O. Brandt58a, U. Bratzler156, B. Brau86, J.E. Brau116, H.M. Braun175,∗, S.F. Brazzale164a,164c, K. Brendlinger122, A.J. Brennan88, L. Brenner107, R. Brenner166, S. Bressler172, K. Bristow145c, T.M. Bristow46, D. Britton53, D. Britzger42,
F.M. Brochu28, I. Brock21, R. Brock90, J. Bronner101, G. Brooijmans35, T. Brooks77, W.K. Brooks32b,