Desarrollo de la Propuesta

The establishment, bodies, administration, func- tions, authorizations, responsibilities and work procedures and principles of the municipality are arranged after 2005 (3.7.2005) with Municipality Law. No. 5393.

The number of municipalities in Turkey is con- stantly increasing since 1950s. 3215 municipali- ties has stood in the election of April 18th_{, 1999}

elections, and the ratio of the population living in the boundaries of these municipalities has reached 77,66 percent in the total population.

According to the law, municipality can be estab- lished in the settlement units whose population exceed 5000. It is obligatory to establish munici- palities in the centres of provinces and districts. Municipalities are set to give or to cause to be given, as long as these services are local and common, as urban infrastructure like develop- ment, water and sewage system, transportation; environment and environmental health, cleaning and solid waste; municipal police, fi re depart- ment, emergency service, rescue service and ambulance; local traffi c; funeral and cemetery; forestation, parks and open-space area; housing, culture and arts, tourism and advertising; youth and sports; social services and assistances, matri- monial services, vocational and technical training; development of economy and trade. Moreover, services to open shelters for women and children are added to the functions of the municipality in metropolitan municipalities and in municipalities, whose population exceed 50 000.

The most dominant type in the local administration system is municipalities engaged in the adminis- traton of rural settlements. The establishment of metropolitan municipalities in some settlements is arranged with special laws in order to ensure the execution of services in effective, planned, scheduled, effi cient and consistent manner. The 4th _{clause of the Law. No. 5216 on Metropolitan}

Annex Figure 6.6 Organization Chart of

Y E Ş İ L I R M A K B A S I N D E V E L O P M E N T P R O J E C T

Institutionalization

Municipality Law describes the settements which can be transformed into metropolitan municipali- ties as “provincial municipalities whose settlement units’, which is inside the boundaries of municipal- ity and which has a maximum distance of 10 000 meter from these boundaries, total population exceed 750 000 can be transformed into metro- politan municipalities by law, considering also their physical settlement circumstances and economic development levels. In this contex, it is possible to divide municipalities as metropolitan municipali- ties, county municipalities, fi rst level municipalities and township municipalities.

Although the numbers were constantly changing, at the end of 2006, there are 3225 municipalities in Turkey, 195 municipalities in TR83 Region. (Amasya: 29, Çorum: 38, Samsun: 51, Tokat: 77). The municipality of Samsun functions as met- ropolitan municipality and has three lower level municipalities.

As of 2000, municipalities have been administring a public source which is at a valuation of 4 quadril- lion TL. At the same year, the total of consolidated budget revenues is 33 quadrillion TL. In respect of this, revenues of the municipalities constitute 12 percent of the consolidated budget revenues. Municipal council, Town Council and Mayor con- stitute the bodies of the municipality. In municipal councils which functions as decision making body have 34 241 elected members throughout Turkey, and in main structure of the municipality approxi- mately 300 000 staff are employed. Fundamental services5 _{which are executed by the municipalities}

5 Municipal services and tasks defi ned by law (except fi nancial services and functions) are summarized below:

1. To meet local and common needs of residents. 2. To provide drinking water, domestic and industrial water; to ensure disposal of waste water and rain water; to establish necessary facilities or cause to be established, to run these facilities or cause to run them, to process natural spring water or cause to process it.

3. To make public transportation available; for this purpose to establish all sorts of public transportation systems such as autobuses, vehicles of sea and water transportation, tunnels and railway systems or cause to establish them; to run or cause to be run such systems.

4. To execute all the services related to collecting,

are defi ned extensively in the law.

The revenues of the municipality are composed of numerous items. These are can be summarized as:

• The shares acquired from the General Budget according to the population, • Hire charges acquired from the real es-

tates belonging to the municipality. • Special assistances and the credits drawn

from the Bank of Provinces.

• The proportions acquired from special ser- vices (Market hall commission, property taxes, fees collected from business estab- lishments, advertising revenues, building permit fees, water rates, revenues from bus companies, penalties, entertainment taxes etc.)

• Donations and project credits acquired from abroad.

transporting, decomposing, recycling, removing and storing of solid wastes, or cause these services to be executed.

5. To establish or cause to be established; to run or cause to run market halls for wholesale or retail dealer, bus terminals, fairgrounds, butcheries; and according to the related regulations marina and wharfs; to allow material persons or legal entities to open such places.

6. To license and control unhealthy institutions and places of amusemnet and recreation which are open to public.

7. In order to develop and fetter economy and trade, inhibiting street peddlers who make sales without permission from activity in town.

8. To standardize publicity signs and identifi er signs. 9. To gather unhealthy institutions, public places and other work places which have detrimental effects on public health and environment in certain places of the city; to determine waste disposal facilities in which excavation dirts and detrituses are disposed; liquefi ed petroleum gas (LPG) storage areas; storage areas in which construction materials, wood, coal and waste are stored and sold; and to take necessary measures in order to prevent environmental pollution as a result of transportation in these areas and places.

10. To determine, all sorts of services which are performed on roads, seas, waters and railways, and numbers of public transportation vehicles and cabs, schedule of fares, schedules and routes; wayside stations and parking areas on highways, roads, avenues, streets, public squares etc, to run these places, have somebody to run or hire; to perform all services related to the traffi c regulation which is assigned to the municipalities by law.

11. To give permission and license related to the activities of natural or legal entities which is specifi ed in the law.

C U R R E N T S I T U A T I O N A N A L Y S I S A N N E X E S

Institutionalization

The instruments which can be used by municipali- ties, as institutional structures which take place in the general frame of regional plan, when they are performing their duties are summarized in Annex Table 6.5.