The Unpurified Veeram (V1), Purified Veeram Method I (V2) and Purified Veeram Method II (V3) were subjected to Physico-chemical analysis. This study was done at Department of Biochemistry, Govt. Siddha Medical College & Hospital, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Dept. of Botany, St.Xaviers college (Autonomous), Tirunelveli and VS Clinical Research and Hospital(P)Ltd,Chennai.
4.2.1. PHYSICO –CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
The Physico - chemical parameters of unpurified Veeram and purified Veeram by two methods were studied by the following Proceduces
Colour:
About 5g of Unpurified Veeram(V1),Purified Veeram Method I(V2) and Purified Veeram method II (V3) samples were taken in a clean glass and tested for its colour by viewing visually
Odour:
About 5g of Unpurified Veeram (V1),Purified Veeram method I(V2) and Purified Veeram method II (V3) samples were placed in separately in 100ml of beaker and tested for its odour by wafting the air above the beaker.
Determination of Moisture Content (Loss on Drying):
5g of the drug without preliminary drying was weighed accurately in a tared evaporating dish, dried at 105ºC for 5 hours, cooled in desiccator and weighed. Later the drying and weighing process was continued at one hour interval until difference between two successive weighings of sample corresponds to not more than 0.25 percent. When the constant weight was obtained the percentage of moisture content was calculated with reference to the air dried drug
Calculation:
Loss in weight of test drug
Percentage of loss on drying at 105ºC = --- x 100
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Determination of Total Ash
2 to 3 g of drug was weighed in the pre weighed and tared Gooch crucible was kept in the muffle furnace at a temperature not exceeding 450ºC until free from carbon then cooled and weighed and the percentage of the total ash content were calculated with reference to the air dried drug
Calculation:
Weight of the ash
Percentage of total ash = --- x 100 Weight of test drug taken
Determination of Acid Insoluble Ash
The ash obtained from total ash was boiled with 25ml of dilute hydrochloric acid for 5 minutes and insoluble matter were collected in an ash less filter paper, washed with hot water and ignited to constant weight. Later the percentage of the acid insoluble ash content was calculated with reference to the air dried drug.
Calculation:
Weight of the acid-insoluble residue
Percentage of acid-insoluble ash = --- x 100 Weight of test drug taken
Determination of Water Soluble Ash
The ash obtained from total ash content was boiled with 25 ml of water for 5 minutes and insoluble matter were collected in an ash less filter paper, washed with hot water and ignite for 15 minutes at a temperature not exceeding 450ºC the weight of the insoluble matter were subtracted from the weight of the ash. The difference in weight represents the water soluble ash and the percentage of the water soluble ash content were calculated with reference to the air dried drug
Determination of water soluble extractive
5g of coarsely powdered air dried drug was macerated with 100ml of chloroform-water in a closed flask for twenty-four hours, shaken frequently during six hours and allowed to stand for eighteen hours. After filtering the solution 25ml of this filtrate was evaporated in a tared flat bottomed shallow dish, and dried at 105ºC until a constant weight was obtained. Later the percentage of water-soluble extractive with reference to the air-dried drug was calculated.
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Calculation:
Weight of the extract 100
Percentage of water soluble extract = --- x 100 Weight of sample taken
Determination of alcohol soluble extractive
5g of coarsely powdered air dried drug was macerated with 100ml of absolute alcohol in a closed flask for twenty-four hours, shaken frequently during six hours and allowed to stand for eighteen hours. After filtering the solution 25ml of this filtrate was evaporated in a tared flat bottomed shallow dish, and dried at 105ºC until a constant weight was obtained. Later the percentage of alcohol-soluble extractive with reference to the air-dried drug was calculated.
Calculation:
Weight of the extract 100
Percentage of alcohol soluble extract = --- x 100 Weight of sample taken
Determination of pH
The pH of the Unpurified Veeram (V1), Purified Veeram method I(V2) and Purified Veeram method II (V3) were estimated as per the method prescribed in the Indian standard (IS)APHA 4500 H+A,B. The procedure was done at Department of Plant Biotechnology, St.Xaviers college(Autonomous), Tirunelveli. One gram of the test drug was taken into a 100ml graduated cylinder containing about 50 ml of water. The cylinder was shaken vigorously for two minutes and the suspension was allowed to settle for hour at 25ºC to 27ºC, then 25 ml of the clear aqueous solution was transferred in to a 50 ml beaker and tested for pH using digital pH meter.
4.2.2. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
5g of unpurified Veeram (V1), purified Veeram method 1 (V2) & purified
Veeram method 2 (V3) were taken in a 250ml of clean beaker and 50ml of distilled water was added to it. Then it was boiled well for about 10 min. Then it is allowed to cool and filtered in a 100 ml volumetric flask and made up to 100ml with distilled water. This preparation is used for the qualitative analysis of acidic/ basic radicals and biochemical constituents in it. This biochemical analysis of Veeram is done at Biochemistry Lab, Govt.Siddha Medical college,Palayamkottai,Tirunelveli and Centre for plant biotechnology, Dept of Botany, St.Xaviers College (Autonomous), Tirunelveli.
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Table No. 1 Procedure for preliminary test for Copper, Sodium, Silicate and Carbonate
S.No Chemical Test Observation Inference