Diccionario de competencias

There «ao a Greek monastery on a bill in the upper part of the city, the traditional site of Uerod's palaoe, but Abbot Daniel in 1106-1107 also saw a rich Latin monastery which no doubt became the borne of the bishop's ohapteri^^* priors of Lebastea appeared on several oooasions in the company of the biehop. The canons ware s e w by

Uaamah on his visit to uebastea in the years 1140-1143 and admired for their extreme piety, for which he sadly found no match in the Muslim world.

11. Lt Anne.

Arohaeological investigations have shown that the original basilica cf St Anne in Jerusalem was built in the fifth century and achieved its final state at the hands of a French master mason in the first half of the twelfth century. The conventual buildings of the Latin abbey lay on the eouthem side cf the church. Until the destruction of Christian establishments in IOO9 there had bemn religious oomcaunities at the church, but afterwards it was used as a Muslim college.^?* By IIO4 the Franks had installed a very small community of nuns at St Anne's and it was into this house that king Baldwin 1 put his repudiated umenian wife, the daughter of Prince T^hnus, whom be had married when he was count of r,dessa. Her entry into the convent was accompanied by endowments from

9>. itinéraires russes, p.yë# Psregrinatores medil asvi guattuor, P Oi.

____________ émir syrien au pf ' '' ed. H. Lerenbourg, vol.i Vie d'Ousama. p.

96. uusama ibn um Lvrlwn wieole dew croisades. 97# Vogué, Lee égUses de la T«rre Li^te. pp.233-43| Vincent and

the king. The former queen euooeeded in oonvinoing her huebehd that even while eh# had accepted the religious life under dureaa, she earn willing to remain and persuaded him to let her visit her relatives in Constantinople to seek endowments. But once she had escaped, she promptly abjured her nun's habit and behaved in a way that lent con­ siderable colour to rumours that Baldwin had repudiated her for incorrigible a d u l t e r y .T h e endowments from Constantinople

presumably never materialised. But the convent cannot have remained poor, for it was also here that Baldwin XI's daughter Yvette took the veil. *ben a child she had been given to the Muslims as a hostage for her father's ransom. It was said that during thie time she had been ravished and on her release in 1129 had chosen the religious life rather

than marry. According to one chronicle the king founded 5t Lasarus of Bethany for her, but the author has clearly telescoped her entry into St Anne's and subsequent removal to St ^amarus into one anecdote. 12. Mthlshem.

The original church of the Nativity at Bethlehem was built in the fourth century at the orders of the smperor Constantine, though the

6o

present building is the work of Justinian. * It was a major goal of pilgrims and venerated almost as much as the holy sepulchre. Bethlehem

98. Aillimm of Tyre, pp.491-92.

99# Fulcher of Chartres, pp.769r71| amoul, pp.9-6; Matthew of Ldewsa, p.139; Kamal ad-Din, pp.643-44; william of Tyre, p.699# 60. Vinoexit and Abel, Bethléem. pp.10/-9, 118-20; Boase, Castles and

also attraotad rallgioma eoomunltlaai Antoninus Martyr in about 970 saw many claries and a monastery nearby and in about 808 there were reported to be priests, clerics, a*)nks wid Stylites living there.***

The town had a large Christian population whose payments to the

authorities during the years of Muslim occupation had «isured that the church remained unharmed. But the local Christians were afraid that the arrival of the r ranks would lead the Muslims to destroy their church and they sent an appeal for protection to the leaders of the Crusade.

Tancred and Baldwin of Le Bourg took a force of knights to Bethlehem, where they were weloosied by the citisens and escorted in ceremony to the church, over which Tancred*s banner was raised. The incident aroused anxiety among the other crusaders. lîsyaond of Aguilera, who was hostile to the hoxmsn-Licilian contingents, reported that this was one of the chief matters discussed at a meeting; of leaders before the attack on Jerusalem. Tancred was all%;ed to have seised Bethlehem and flown his banner over the church, *et super eccleei&m IkMsinicae

Hativitatis. quasi super eommwem domum. vexillum suum. posuisset'. although the evidence for Tancred*a occupation of Bethlehem indicates rather that it was the citisens who were responsible for raising the banner.*^* fhe crusaders' concern reappeared later when Tancred looted the Temple of Our Lord.*^* But Tanored's reasoning semas to have been