2. MARCO REFERENCÍA
2.1 MARCO TEÓRICO CONCEPTUAL
2.1.4 Diferencia Interaural de Tiempo (ITD)
Lubrication
WARNING
Oil products present environmental and fire risks and can cause injury if inhaled or brought into contact with the skin. Follow your lubricant suppliers instructions and safety directions when handling oils and greases.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The SUPERIOR gyratory crusher is equipped with an external, skid mounted, lubrication system (Fig. 5-1). Oil is pumped from a storage tank, filtered, cooled and piped to the crusher through two separate feed lines and is returned to the storage tank by gravity flow.
One of the oil lines enters the crusher through the MPS cylinder (2005-0), passes through the piston (2205-0), the step bearing (2260-0, 2280-0, 4075-0), and eccentric bushing (1810-0), and lubricates these surfaces. The oil is forced outward through holes at the top of the eccentric bushing by centrifugal force and flows down between the eccentric (1805-0) and bottom shell bushing (1200-0) where it joins the second oil flow to lubricate the bushing and gears. Finally, the combined flow enters the sump below the pinionshaft housing and flows back to the storage tank by gravity. For illustration, see Section 4, Fig. 4-17.
NOTICE
Never run the crusher unless the lubrication system is operating and oil is returning to the storage tank.
Warm oil temperature, with the crusher operating, should be the same in winter as in summer — 100oF to
130oF (39oC to 54oC) for return oil from the crusher.
(depending on the viscosity of oil used). A properly functioning cooling system will keep the oil temperature within safe operating limits.
Maintain oil temperature between 100oF (39oC) and
115oF (46oC) when using an ISO Grade 68 oil (300 SSU
viscosity at 100oF), and between 100oF (39oC) and 130oF
(54oC) when using and ISO Grade 150 oil (750 SSU
viscosity at 100oF.)
IMMERSION OIL HEATER
Oil temperature and viscosity are important when starting up the crusher. Oil returns to the bottom of the crusher and to the storage tank by gravity, and if viscosity is too high the oil return holes in the bottom shell may not be able to pass all the oil and it will overflow the dust collar. The result will be detrimental to some crushing operations.
Immersion oil heaters keep the oil warm at all times, permitting use of the same oil grade in all seasons. Heater operation is controlled by a resistance temperature detec- tor (RTD) mounted on the side of the storage tank.
OIL STORAGE TANK
The oil outlet is located above the tank (7005-0) bottom to provide a reservoir for sludge. To keep sludge from building up above the outlet level, clean the tank periodically — once a month, or more frequently if sludge accumulates rapidly.
To clean the tank, disconnect the pump discharge line (7250-0) at the oil filter and pump the oil into drums. Drain off the remaining oil and sludge mixture through the oil drain plug (7270-0) and dispose of properly. If the bulk of the oil pumped out of the tank is in good condition, it can be filtered and reused. Be sure to clean the tank thoroughly before replacing the oil.
Resistance Termperature Detectors (RTDs)
There are two RTDs located in the tank. One is installed in the oil drain sieve and the other is installed in the tank. For proper operation of the RTDs with warning signals and machinery shutdown, refer to the Mechanical Control Logic document.
RETURN OIL SIEVE
A return oil sieve (7150-0) is located under the inspection cover in the top of the storage tank. This wire mesh strainer will remove any large particles from oil returning to the tank. Check the sieve regularly for any unusual amount of metallic particles.
LUBRICATING OIL PUMP (7205-0)
Two complete oil lubrication systems, each with one primary and one backup pump are provided pre--piped with a separate valve and suction line for each pump (see Fig. 5-1). All four pump assemblies have an electric
SUPERIOR MK- II
Gyratory Crushers
Section 5 —
Lubrication
When starting the lubrication system, be sure to check the pump for correct direction of rotation. With the pump operating correctly, flow meters in the oil piping arrangement will indicate flow within five seconds after start-up. For additional information on pump operation and maintenance, refer to pump manufacturer’s instructions included in Appendix to this section.
Pressure Transmitters
There are six pressure transmitters located on the lube system, one on each pump discharge port and one on each outlet connection. The resulting pressure differential based on the readings is used to evaluate the cleanliness of the lube oil filters. For proper operation of the pressure transmitters with warning signals and machinery shutdown, refer to the Mechanical Control Logic document.
OIL FILTER
The oil filter (7505-0) supplied with the external lubrication system is the replaceable cartridge type. The filter elements will retain particles approximately 20 micron size and larger.
Dual filters are provided so filter maintenance can be accomplished while the lube system and crusher are in op- eration. Each filter canister on the lube system contains two replaceable filter cartridges. With the valve arrange- ment, either of the filter canisters can be used in conjunc- tion with either of the two lube oil pumps.
The filter is supplied with an internal bypass. Pressure drop across the filters can be checked by comparing the pressure differential between the pressure transmitters. For proper operation of the pressure transmitters with warning signals and machinery shutdown, refer to the Me- chanical Control Logic document. When pressure drop through the filter exceeds 25 psi (1.76 kg/cm2), the bypass
relief valve (7535-0) inside the filter housing will open, al- lowing oil to flow through the bypass line. If this occurs when the lube oil is up to operating temperature, it indi- cates that the filter element is plugged with dirt and should be replaced.
Some bypassing may occur if the lube system is
nate filter can be in operation when filter maintenance is being performed. To change the filter element, close the isolation valve (7405-0) on the inlet line to the filter. A check valve (7720-0) in the filter discharge line will prevent oil back-up into the filter. Drain the oil from the filter, using the drain plug at the side of the shell. Remove the filter cover and lift out the dirt filled element. Remove the by- pass valve from the dirty element. Flush dirt out through the filter drain. Install a clean element, making sure that it is properly seated in the filter shell. Install the bypass valve assembly and fasten the cover securely in place. Be careful not to damage the seal. Refer to appendix, this section, Figs. 5-18, 5-19 for illustration of filter.
Use the following procedure to place the filter unit in service.
1. Check and make sure that the valve (7405-0) on the inlet side of the filter is completely closed.
2. Operate either of the lube oil pumps, making sure the isolation valves on both the suction and discharge lines are fully open.
3. Loosen the vent in the filter cover to permit any entrapped air to bleed out of the filter enclosure as it is being filled with oil.
4. Partially open the valve (7405-0) on the inlet side of the filter, allowing a flow of oil to slowly and completely fill the filter.
NOTICE
Be careful to prevent hydraulic hammer in the lubrication system piping whenever opening or closing valves controlling oil flow through the filters. Hammering can severely damage filter elements and main body connections.
5. Allow the vent plug to remain open long enough to permit entrapped air to escape from the vented unit. As soon as a small amount of oil is seen to flow from the loosened vent plug, close the plug securely. 6. Open the valve (7405-0) in the filter inlet line
SUPERIOR MK- II
Gyratory Crushers
Section 5 —
Lubrication
Install fans and radiators as close to the crusher and lu- brication system as possible and in an open area where the normal air temperature can adequately cool the circu- lating oil. Do not restrict airflow to the fans.
NOTICE
It is necessary to protect the cooler from high oil line pressure when the oil is cold. A lubrication oil bypass line is provided for this purpose, along with a 40 psi (2.8 bar) relief valve. Be sure the bypass line has been installed per the drawing furnished with it.
NOTICE
Drain preservative oil from the cooler before starting the lubricating system.
Air-to-oil cooler operation is controlled by an RTD in the return oil line. For proper operation of the RTD with warn- ing signals and machinery shutdown, refer to the Mechan- ical Control Logic document.
Water-To-Oil Coolers
SUPERIOR gyratory crusher lubrication systems can be
supplied with two condenser-type coolers. The coolers reduce oil temperature by passing it around water--cooled bronze tubes.
The coolers have the inlet and outlet cooling water connections on one end. Under normal conditions the crusher will require from 10 to 80 gallons (38 to 300 liters) per minute of cooling water. The amount of water depends on water temperature, crusher setting and stone hardness.
Maintain oil temperature between 100oF (39oC) and
115oF (46oC) when using an ISO Grade 68 oil (300 SSU
viscosity at 100oF) and between 100oF (39oC) and 130oF
(54oC) when using an ISO Grade 150 oil (750 SSU
viscosity at 100oF). If it levels off somewhere between
these readings, the cooler is getting an adequate supply of cooling water. When cooling water is scarce, use a storage tank and re-circulate the water by pumping.
OIL FLOW CIRCUITS
The 60-110 SUPERIOR gyratory has two independent lubrication oil supply circuits. Each supply line has a primary and a back-up pump, filter system, cooler, flow and pressure control components. One supply line enters the crusher through a port in the bottom shell. The other supply line enters through the MPS cylinder.
Flow Monitors
Oil flow monitors are installed in the two lubrication oil supply lines to the crusher. For proper operation of the flow monitors with warning signals and machinery shutdown, refer to the Mechanical Control Logic document.
Pressure Transmitters
There is a pressure transmitter in each lubrication oil supply line going to the crusher. One in the line that enters the MPS cylinder and one in the line that enters the bottom shell. For proper operation of the pressure transmitters with warning signals and machinery shutdown, refer to the Mechanical Control Logic document.
Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD)
One RTD is located in each lubrication oil supply line to the crusher. For proper operation of the RTD with warning signals and machinery shutdown, refer to the Mechanical Control Logic document.
NOTICE
Never disconnect warning devices such as RTDs and pressure transmitters. They are intended to indicate trouble which should be identified and remedied. Keep devices clean, closed and dust-tight when the crusher is operating.
A 8225--0 8005--3 7005--0 8104--0 8609--8 8609--9 8005--0 7005--0 7405--0 7406--0 7406--1 8608--0 8825--0 7405--0 7406--0 7406--1 7206--0 7205--0 7505--0 7505--1 7005--0 7405--0 7406--0 7505--0 7505--1 7720--0 7120--0 7005--3 7165--0 7207--0 7405--0 7406--0 7406--1 7165--0 7207--0 7005--3 7505--0 7505--1 7405--0 7406--0 7406--1
SUPERIOR MK- II
Gyratory Crushers
Section 5 —
Lubrication
Catalog Number Description7005-0 Base and Tank Assembly
7005-3 Lube Oil Level Transmitter
7005-5 Inspection Cover, Lube Tank
7005-8 Sight Gauge - Lube Oil
7120-0 Pressure Breather
7150-0 Sieve - Return
7165-0 Temperature Transmitter
7205-0 Lube Pumping Unit - 40 gpm [151 LPM]
7206-0 Lube Pumping Unit - 50 gpm [189 LPM]
7207-0 Pressure Transmitter
7405-0 Ball Valve
7406-0 Proximity Switch Assembly
7406-1 Proximity Switch
7505-0 Filter
7505-1 Filter Cartridge
7720-0 Check Valve
8005-3 MPS Oil Level Sensor
8005-5 MPS Oil Fill Plug
8104-0 MPS Pumping Unit
8225-0 Ball Valve
8608-0 Control Valve Assembly
8609-8 MPS Filter Indicator
8609-9 MPS Filter Element
SUPERIOR MK- II
Gyratory Crushers
Section 5 —
Lubrication
SEDIMENT SEPARATORS
Two Y-pattern sediment separators are furnished along with the external lubrication package for every
SUPERIOR gyratory crusher. Separators are provided as
a means for collecting rust, scale, pipe sealant and other foreign particles from the lubricating oil to reduce the possibility of bearing damage from oil-borne contaminants.
Mount the separator as shown in Fig. 4-17 and 5-2 to assure proper flow of the oil through the screening device, locating one in each of the two oil inlet lines, as close to the crusher as possible.
Clean the separators after each eight hours of operation during break-in and the first week of full operation, and once a week thereafter. A flow meter is mounted in each of the two supply connections from the oil flow divider circuit. Plugging of the separator in either oil line will be indicated by the associated flow meter. In extreme cases, the lube oil pump motor overload relays may stop the pump and shut down the crusher.
In either event, with the crusher shut down, disassemble the separators and thoroughly clean the screen with a non-toxic solvent. For disassembly, simply unscrew the bronze cap from the separator housing and slide the screen out. After cleaning, re-insert the screen and replace the cap on both separators, and resume normal operation.