DIFERENCIAS EN MATERIA DE OBLIGACIONES Y DERECHOS LABORALES

The data used to characterize the commuting mode of JRC staff refer to a new transport survey performed in 2016.

A questionnaire was sent through to the personnel to get information about means of transport and distances.

As around 550 responses (21% of total JRC personnel) were received, the results were upscaled to the total number of people daily present on site at the time. The total amount of answers lead to the following summary:

Table 14 – JRC Ispra site transport survey results: overall distance travelled.

Travelled distance in 2015

Travelled km (/day, average JRC ISPRA employee) 16.73 TOTAL distance travelled by JRC colleagues (km millions/year) 9.34

The total km travelled in 2015 are splitted up shaping the following table and figure. The weighted share for each transport mean takes into account the answers from all the interviewed employees regarding both the mean of transport used and the average distance cover from home to work (and back).

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Table 15 – JRC Ispra site transport survey results: distances by mean of transportation.

SPLIT MODE: Mean of transport Weighted share (travelled _km) Distance [km]

Car 55.84% 5,217,000 Carpool 5.62% 525,000 Motor 1.61% 151,000 Walk 1.71% 160,000 Bike 1.34% 125,000 Public transport 4.89% 456,500 JRC bus 29.00% 2,709,780*

*In the calculation model, this value (which represents the person-km travelled by JRC buses) has been substituted with the actual distance (km) travelled during the reporting year. More information in the paragraph “JRC buses” below.

Figure 4 – JRC Ispra site transport survey results: travelled distances by mean of transport (weighted shares).

Car and carpool

Car and carpooling are analysed together. Carpooling considers an average of 3 people per car, while car considers a single driver. Therefore, the total carpooling kilometres need to be divided by the average people in a car. The km per car in carpooling mode have been added to the kilometres travelled by single driver cars.

The survey data provided the subdivision by fuel typology for the distances covered by car (see table below).

55.84% 5.62% 1.61% 1.71% 1.34% 4.89% 29.00%

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Table 16 – JRC Ispra site transport survey results: distances (cars) by fuel.

FUEL Share Distance [km]

Diesel 51.02% 2,751,000 Petrol 41.84% 2,256,000 Hybrid methane/petrol 2.04% 110,000 Hybrid LPG/petrol 4.08% 220,000 Electric 1.02% 55,000 TOT 100.00% 5,392,000

Figure 5 – JRC Ispra site transport survey results: fuel use (car).

Furthermore, the distances travelled by petrol and diesel vehicles have been subdivided by date of registry and EURO class (see the shares below, the distances are reported in the Input table at the end of this paragraph).

Table 17 – JRC Ispra site transport survey results: diesel and petrol cars by EURO class.

Date of registry Class Share

Before 1997 EURO 0/1 2.06%

Between 1997 and 2000 EURO 2 4.12%

Between 2001 and 2005 EURO 3 16.49%

41%

50%

2% 4%

1% 2%

Unleaded petrol

Diesel oil

Hybrid methane/petrol

Hybrid LPG/petrol

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Between 2006 and 2010 EURO 4 30.93%

Between 2011 and 2014

EURO 5 46.39%

After 2014

TOT - 100.00%

Public transport

The total km travelled by public transport have been further subdivided based on the answers to the survey (see table below).

Table 18 – JRC Ispra site transport survey results: public transportation by mean of transport.

Public transport Share Distance [km]

Train 57.65% 263,000*

Bus 37.65% 172,000*

Taxy 4.71% 21,500

TOT 100.00% 456,500

* These distances are expressed in person-km in the calculation model.

Figure 6 – JRC Ispra site transport survey results: Type of public transport used to get to work.

JRC buses

The transport survey performed in 2016 provides an estimation of the distances travelled by JRC buses based on the JRC personnel answers. The total travelled distance is 2,709,780 person-km. The metric km-person is used to express the combination of distance travelled and people carried. For example, 10 person-km equals to 10 people travelling 1 km or 1

57.65%

37.65%

4.71%

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person travelling 10 km. Referring to the survey results for JRC bus, and considering an average bus capacity of 30 people, the travelled distance equals to around 90,000 km. However, JRC Human Resources provided the total actual distance covered by the JRC buses, accounting for 123,970 km. Since these data are of better quality, they have been preferred for the OEF calculation model over the survey data. The average fuel consumption was also provided, namely 0.26 l/km (Diesel). The emission profile for the JRC bus has been created adapting a generic bus dataset from Ecoinvent.

Summary table

The travelled km for all the transport means considered for the modelling of home-work trips are summarised below.

Table 19 A07 JRC staff and contractors home-work trips.

INPUT Non-elementary

flows* Unit Value

Specific

data Generic data DB

Car (Diesel, pertrol,

all emission classes km 5,007,000 R.I.

Passenger car, average| technology mix, gasoline and diesel driven, Euro

3-5, passenger car| consumption mix, to consumer| engine size from

1,4l up to >2l {GLO} [LCI result] EF

Hybrid

methane/petrol km 110,000 R.I.

Transport, passenger car, medium size, natural gas, EURO 4 {RER}| transport, passenger car, medium size, natural gas, EURO 4 | Alloc Def,

U

EI

Hybrid LPG/petrol km 220,000 R.I.

Transport, passenger car, medium size, liquefied petroleum gas, EURO 5 {GLO}| transport, passenger car, medium size, liquefied petroleum

gas (LPG), EURO 5 | Alloc Def, U EI

Electric km 55,000 R.I. Transport, passenger car, electric _{{IT}| processing | Alloc Rec, U} EI

Motor person_km 151,000 R.I. Transport, passenger, motor scooter _{{CH}| processing | Alloc Def, U} EI

Train person_km 263,000 R.I. Transport, passenger train {IT}| _{processing | Alloc Def, U} EI

Bus person

km 172,000 R.I.

Transport, passenger coach {CH}| processing | Alloc Def, U EI

Taxy km 21,500 R.I.

Passenger car, average| technology mix, gasoline and diesel driven, Euro

3-5, passenger car| consumption mix, to consumer| engine size from

1,4l up to >2l {GLO} [LCI result] EF

45 INPUT Non-elementary

flows* Unit Value

Specific

data Generic data DB

JRC Bus km 123,970 R.I. Transport, JRC bus {CH}| processing _{| Alloc Def, U} EI