DISCUSIÓN DE RESULTADOS

Some state enabling laws permit adoption of an "Official Map Regulation"

(not to be confused with an “Official Zoning Districts Map”). Adoption of such a regulation is usually predicated on the community having previously adopted a comprehensive plan and a capital improvements program. Common language in such statutes permits this official map to show such items as the location and extent of existing and proposed public streets, watercourses, parks, public schools, and other public facilities needs. Adoption of such a map by the local legislative body is normally permitted only after review and recommendation by the local

VII. Compatible Land Use Tools and Their Potential Applications

planning commission and after conducting a public hearing. The boundaries of only those public facilities (existing or proposed) which are identified as part of the short-term CIP and budget may be identified on the Official Map.

The intended purpose of allowing adoption of an Official Map is to provide authority to the local government to ensure that the value of property within the boundaries of any areas identified on this map will not escalate as a result of new development during the period of the short-term CIP budget. It permits the local government to purchase the land and develop the facility(ies) at the value of the property(ies) at the time of its placement on the Official Map with only normal property value increases. The basic intention of this process is to use taxpayers monies in the most efficient fashion when it is clear that the local government plans to purchase and develop land for some public purpose within the short term (usually identified as five or six years). Such laws will normally contain

provisions that allow the local government to ensure fairness in addressing reasonable requests that involve granting building permits for unprofitable land during this five- or six-year period.

The potential for using a combination of the CIP and the Official Map Regulation as a means of identifying land for short-term purchase in areas determined to be airport expansion areas should be considered by the local government(s) involved and by the airport owner, particularly if the airport is publicly owned and

operated.

Another potential application could be in a case where an airport’s master plan identifies the need for future runways and/or the need for airport property expansions to include other airport-related development, and the long-range community plan, recognizing the airport plan, encourages land uses that are not compatible with the airport in areas expected to be impacted. The community’s short-term CIP could include planned public expenditures which are intended to encourage such development in these non-impacted areas. The official map regulation could then be used to identify such planned public directional expenditures (infrastructure extensions) to achieve this objective. The result is that the community and the airport realize goals of both the short- and long-range plans and the taxpaying public benefit by planned expenditures at a lower sales cost than would otherwise be possible. Legal assistance is recommended if this process is considered to ensure that a "taking" is not implied.

VII. Compatible Land Use Tools and Their Potential Applications

H. Infrastructure Extensions

Provision or extension of basic infrastructure elements, such as water supply, waste disposal facilities, and roadways can serve as a major detriment, or conversely, a major generator affecting the extent and direction of growth and development. Obviously, a policy that encourages land to be used in a very low- density and agricultural/rural fashion, by not extending water facilities into such areas, will have the desired effect. On the contrary, extension of basic water service into previously under-served areas will quickly encourage more urban densities and follow-up of extension of sanitary and storm water facilities, and new subdivision and commercial development. Clearly, planned expansion of water and sewerage facilities should be performed in conjunction with long-range land use and transportation planning (the comprehensive plan).

In the case of areas surrounding airport facilities, for example, sound and coordinated land and infrastructure planning can serve as a means of setting development patterns which consider type and intensity of development in light of plans for airport expansions, flight pattern expectations, noise overlay zones, etc. For example, if such basic infrastructure elements are not extended into areas planned for primarily agricultural uses, these areas will not likely develop for any intensive purpose and not pose major problems to airport-related functions. On the contrary, if major water supply and sewerage facilities are extended into these areas because they are planned for industrial development, then controls on height, development intensity, etc. will need to be enforced by one or more of the other land regulatory tools herein described.

The need for a very high degree of cooperation between airport planners, land use planners, water supply agency(ies) and sanitary/storm sewer waste agency(ies) is paramount to the success of this type of planning tool and necessitates a

comprehensive plan which incorporates such coordinated planning.

VII. Compatible Land Use Tools and Their Potential Applications

I. Growth Policies

A number of communities across the nation are developing comprehensive plans using the concept of "Urban Growth Boundaries," which attempt to determine where full build-out, or build-out to a given boundary, should be encouraged while simultaneously determining where land development should be maintained in a low-density/rural fashion versus a compact and more urban pattern. The State of Florida, and recently the State of Tennessee, have adopted state planning statutes that contain requirements addressing development dependent on

infrastructure availability within limited time periods.

The Tennessee statutes address development issues under three initiatives: "urban growth boundaries," "planned growth areas," and "rural areas." The objectives of these statutes, and similar ones in other parts of the country, are to encourage smart growth and sustainable development concepts that will have the effect of using land for reasonable purposes and preserving our limited resources for future use.

Recognizing that these laws are in existence in at least these two southern region states (and being considered by other states inside and outside the region), it is incumbent on airport planners to ensure they are included as integral partners in mandated community planning. Identification of airport areas and the

surrounding affected areas, according to the airport master plan, as part of growth policies planning, will be critical.

Infrastructure extensions will be a major determining factor in such growth management programs. Such planning and implementation requires a very high degree of coordination and cooperation between many diverse parties, including utility companies, city and county elected officials, airport authorities, local planning authorities, various environmental and business-oriented groups, and the general public.

VII. Compatible Land Use Tools and Their Potential Applications