Ecosistemas y ambientes marinos en el área de estudio

3109.2 Definitions. The following words and terms shall, for purposes of this section and as used elsewhere in this code, have the meaning shown herein.

ACCESS POINTS. Entry points through the separation barrier into a pool area. Access points include pedestrian or vehicle gates, service doors, and entries through a pool house or concession stand.

ANCILLARY ACTIVITIES. Non-pool-related events or structures, such as but not limited to: food concessions; bars;

play areas; picnic tables; barbecues; exercise facilities; lawns; etc

COMMUNITY USE POOL. Indoor or outdoor pools open to use, on full or temporary basis, by post staff, family members or guests. Includes pools on short- or long-term leases, government owned properties or under Department control.

POOL AREA: The space enclosed by the separation barrier.

SEPARATION BARRIER: A fence, building wall, or combination thereof that completely encloses a pool area and separates the pool area from dwellings or other structures with direct access to the pool.

SWIMMING POOL. Any structure intended for swimming or recreational bathing that contains water over 600 mm (24 inches) deep. This includes community use pools, residential use pools, hot tubs, and spas.

WADING POOL. A swimming pool intended for use by small children that is isolated and has separate access from the main pool. A wading pool shall be enclosed by a 1.2 meter (48 inch) high barrier with no direct passage from the main pool. All access points shall be equipped with self-closing, self-latching and lockable hardware.

Replace the Subsection in its entirety with the following:

1. All pools shall be completely enclosed by a separation barrier.

2. Separation barrier shall be a minimum of 1200 mm (48 inches) in height above grade measured on the side of the barrier that faces away from the swimming pool.

3. Separation barriers shall be constructed with balusters or ornamental patterns such that a 100 mm (4 inches) diameter sphere cannot pass through any opening.

4. The maximum vertical clearance between grade and the bottom of the barrier shall be 100 mm (4 inches) measured on the side of the barrier that faces away from the swimming pool.

5. All access points through the separation barrier shall comply with 3109.4.1.7 Gates and Access points.

6. Solid separation barriers shall not contain indentations or protrusions except for normal construction tolerances and tooled masonry joints.

7. Chain link shall not be used for barriers surrounding swimming pools.

8. Where the barrier is composed of horizontal and vertical members and the distance between the tops of the horizontal members is less than 45 inches (1140 mm), the horizontal members shall be located on the swimming pool side of the fence. Spacing between vertical members shall not exceed 40 mm (1.75 inches) in width. Where there are decorative cutouts within vertical members, spacing within the cutouts shall not exceed 40 mm (1.75 inches) in width.

9. Where the barrier is composed of horizontal and vertical members and the distance between the tops of the horizontal members is 40 mm (1.75 inches) or more, spacing between vertical members shall not exceed 100 mm (4 inches) . Where there are decorative cutouts within vertical members, spacing within the cutouts shall not exceed 100 mm (4 inches) in width.

10. Where the barrier is composed of diagonal members, the maximum opening formed by the diagonal members shall be no more than 100 mm (4 inches).

11. Pool safety covers or power covers are not permitted to be used to meet the requirements of a separation barrier.

12. Ancillary activities shall not be located within the pool area enclosed by the separation barrier.

Ancillary activities shall be located outside of the separation barrier.

Delete Section 3109.4.7 in its entirety and replace with the following:

3109.4.7 Gates and Access points.

1. All access points shall be equipped to accommodate a locking device.

2. Access points shall open outward away from the pool and shall be closing and have a self-latching device.

3. Where the release mechanism of the self-closing, self-latching and lockable device is located less than 1370 mm (54 inches) from the bottom of the access point, the release mechanism shall be located on the pool side of the gate at least 75 mm (3 inches) below the top of the access point and not higher than 1.875 m above grade. The access point and barrier shall have no opening greater than 15 mm within 450 mm of the release mechanism.

4. The maximum vertical clearance between grade and the bottom of the barrier gate shall be 100 mm measured on the side of the barrier that faces away from the swimming pool.

Delete subsection in its entirety and replace with the following:

3109.4.1.8 Dwelling/Building Wall as a Barrier.

1. There shall be no doors or access points from a dwelling or other building that lead directly to the pool area.

2. Where a wall of a dwelling or building serves as part of the barrier, a separation barrier must be built between the access point of the building or dwelling and the pool area.

3. Door alarms are not permitted as a substitute for an access gate complying with the provisions of 3109.4.1.7

4. A separation barrier is not required if the only entrance to the structure is from the pool area and the purpose of the structure is for pool related activities only. Examples include: cabanas, change rooms, bathrooms.

Delete Subsection 3109.4.1.9 in its entirety.

Add the following subsection:

3109.6 Surveys.

3109.6.1 Subsurface Soil and Groundwater Report. Characteristics for subsurface soil and groundwater shall be identified in the anticipated location. The subsurface investigation shall be analyzed by a geotechnical/structural engineer to determine the adequacy of the swimming pool design, and to determine if any special considerations might be necessary in its construction.

3109.6.2 Water Chemistry Analysis Report. An analysis, per American Public Health Association “Standard Method of Examination of Water and Wastewater,” of the pool water supply is required to design adequate treatment systems to control scaling, algae, staining, corrosion and disinfection. It shall consist of:

1. Metals (Cu, Fe, Mn and Ag) Analysis to determine chelating agents necessary to prevent pool staining.

2. Total Dissolved Solids to determine how frequently water will need to be changed to reduce consumption of disinfectant chemical.

3. Hardness (or calcium hardness) to determine scaling and plaster coat deterioration problems.

4. Total Alkalinity for pH control and reduction of use of disinfectant and pH balancing chemicals.

Add the following subsection:

3109.7 Depths. Maximum depth of a swimming pool shall be 1.5 m (60 inches). The maximum depth of a wading pool shall be 610 mm (24 inches).

Add the following subsection:

3109.8 Shell Construction. Reinforced concrete, minimum strength 304 Mpa at 28 days with a maximum aggregate size of 19 mm and 100 mm slump, (e.g., gunite, shotcrete) construction; but vinyl and fiberglass line systems may be used if approved by OBO. Concrete reinforcement shall be 12 mm minimum rebar at 200 mm on center both ways with 300 mm minimum bar lap where necessary. Reinforcing steel shall be intermediate strength new billet deformed bars with a minimum yield strength of 304,000 Mpa. Welded wire mesh shall be cold drawn steel with a minimum yield strength of 420,000 Mpa. Backfill and soil under pool and decking shall be tamped in maximum 200 mm thick increments to 95% of maximum dry density. Pool shell design and construction shall be certified to meet structural requirements based upon local conditions and the results of the analysis required in Section 3109.5.1 as part of the Subsurface Soil and Groundwater Report. Gunite or shotcrete rebound shall be thrown away and not reused as filler.

Concrete based shell shall be finished with a layer of brown coat with a plaster finish coat.

1. Provide two rows of 150 mm x 150 mm ceramic tile under pool coping. The top edge of the shell around the pool shall be lined with 0.3 meter wide coping stones. A continuous expansion joint shall be provided around the rear edge of coping and skimmers. The expansion shall consist of 12.7 mm thick premolded joint filler capped with a 12.7 mm x 12.7 mm polusulfide sealant.

2. Break-in Procedures for the pool shall be provided in writing and take into account the make-up water chemistry for providing chelating agents to reduce metal staining, pH and calcium chloride adjustment for maintaining the plaster coat, and schedules and procedures for introduction of the disinfectant chemicals.

Add the following subsection:

3109.9 Plumbing System. Design to recirculate the entire pool volume of water through the system filters 6 to 8 times per day. The return system shall consist of skimmer and main drain piping, each of which can be adjusted to handle up to 100% of the recirculation load. A vacuum return system may also be designed into the return plumbing. Main pools, wading pools and hot tubs/spas shall have separate plumbing and recirculation systems. The International Plumbing Code shall provide the basis for design.

1. Main Drain shall be equipped with hydrostatic valves to relieve pressure caused by groundwater from beneath the pool structure as required based upon the geotechnical/structural survey. Main drains shall have a protective grill that is securely fastened by being screwed into a drain ring plastered into the pool shell.

2. Skimmers shall be designed to have return flow adjustments to equalize skimmer flow that would otherwise vary due to distance from the system pump. Skimmers shall have removable strainer baskets that are accessible through lids that are flush to the surface of the pool deck. The skimmer lids shall be secured by a mechanism that prevents removal by small children. Skimmers shall have an equalizer line connected to the pool or main drain that prevents the skimmer from sucking air into the pump. Gutter systems may be used but shall have a balancing tank to provide water to the system when gutters are sucking air.

3. Strainer shall be located before the pump to remove any objects that could damage the pump.

4. Valves shall be placed in close proximity to one another to control the relative flow between the main drain, the skimmer system and the vacuum system.

5. Gauges: Flow gauges, with graduated markings in SI and IP units, shall be placed in each return line (vacuum, main drain, skimmer) near the control valves. Flow and pressure gauges will be designed into the heater and filter inputs and outputs to monitor operational conditions. Temperature gauges (non-mercury) are required to monitor heating system input and output conditions. Chemical treatment systems will have flow rate gauges to measure input feed rates. Backwash effluent piping shall have a sight gauge to manually monitor flow clarity.

6. Piping shall be designed for optimal life cycle cost and shall take into consideration the skill of workers available for the project. Connections between dissimilar metal piping and equipment shall be made with the appropriate dielectric unions. CPVC piping shall be used in lieu of PVC for spas and hot tubs where water temperatures exceed the limits of acceptability for PVC.

7. Heaters: When design conditions are acceptable by life cycle cost analysis, solar heaters are the preferred method of providing heat for main swimming pools. Heaters shall be designed to heat water on a by-pass system whereby the pool water temperature is raised at a rate of 0.5 degrees C per hour. The design pool temperature will be adjustable from 27 – 30 degrees C. Heating system equipment approved by Underwriters Laboratory may be used for pools and spas/hot tubs where the demand for heat may exceed solar design conditions.

8. Pumps used in pool and spa applications for recirculation shall be self-priming centrifugal type designed for high rates of flow. It is preferred that pumps and piping be located beneath the water level of the pool in order to reduce the pump speed (and energy) associated with priming. Diaphragm pumps are used to introduce water treatment chemicals into the filtered water pool supply via unidirectional flow valves.

9. Filters are required to remove particulate matter and improve water turbidity for hygienic and aesthetic purposes. The three principal types of pool filtration are diatomaceous earth, sand, and cartridge. Sand filtration has the highest flow rate but produces the largest amount of backwash and is not as effective at removing smaller (< 60 micron particles). Diatomaceous earth required larger filter areas at lower flow rates but requires significantly less back wash and is the most effective method of removing small particles (~ 10 microns). Cartridge filters require the most filter area but require no backwash and remove particles down to the 20 micron range. In areas with more stringent sanitary discharge regulations, cartridge filters may be the only choice. The design decisions should be based upon operational (e.g., filter media replacement) cost considerations.

Add the following subsection:

3109.10 Water Quality

3109.10.1 Chemical Treatment. A water treatment system is required to maintain pool hygienic and aesthetic quality as determined by the ‘Water Chemistry Analysis Report’ in Section 3109.5.2. The treatment system shall be designed to: maintain pH levels between 7.2 and 7.8 pH; maintain total alkalinity between 80 and 150 ppm; and maintain calcium hardness between 200 and 400 ppm. The preferred method of disinfection is using sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite or cyanurates to maintain a chlorine residual of 1.0 – 3.0 ppm. Other methods of disinfection must be approved by OBO. Chlorine gas disinfection treatment is prohibited. When maintaining

demand. An operations and maintenance manual for the chemical treatment systems shall be provided in English and the local language.

3109.10.2 Hazardous Chemical Storage. Provide cool, dry, well ventilated, and secure storage near the pool pump house for hazardous pool chemicals. Provide an emergency eyewash station in accordance with OBO-ICS IBC Section 2902.6, and provide a hose bib within 7.5 meters of the chemical storage area.

Add the following subsection:

3109.11 Fixtures and Accessories

1. Community Use Pool Safety Aids: Provide at least one ring buoy with an attached line, a straight rescue pole, a shepherd’s crook, and a device for communicating to pool users if voice is not sufficient; provide station to store these items; provide up-to-date first aid kit that is kept in an unlocked, tamperproof and weather resistant cabinet; Post’s Regional Medical Officer and/or Health Unit shall be consulted as to items to be included in first aid kit. Provide a telephone to allow a means of promptly communicating with Post One to obtain immediate assistance in the event of an emergency.

2. Residential Use Pool Safety Aids: At minimum, provide at least one ring buoy with an attached line, a straight rescue pole, and a shepherd’s crook; provide station to store these items. It is strongly recommended that other emergency equipment identified for community use pools be situated at residential use pools also.

3. Diving Boards: Not permitted for safety reasons.

a. Fixtures: Pool handrails, guard rails, and ladders shall be provided to user accessibility. Ladders shall be designed for use with two hands and shall have at least four 76 mm wide skid resistant foot holds spaced 300 mm apart. Metal fixtures shall be corrosion protected and have sacrificial anodes to protect the pump and piping system. Where free ends of fixtures contact the pool wall, there shall be rubber bumper cushions to protect the pool surface finish. Ladders and handrails shall attach to the pool decking using 300 mm deep cast brass anchor body bonded to the concrete reinforcement mesh using #8 awg copper banding wire. The ladders and handrails shall attach to the anchor body using brass wedge anchor firmly attached to the ladder or handrail. The anchor arrangement shall be covered with stainless steel. Areas where water depth is at least 610 mm shall have at least two means of entry/exit located to serve both the shallow and deep portions of the pool. For pools over 9 m in width, both sides and both ends of the pool shall have entries/exits provided.

4. Covers: Pool covers shall meet the requirements of ASTM F1346.

5. Hose Bibb: Provide hose bibbs to allow washing of all decks with a maximum 15 meter garden hose.

6. Pool Cleaning Equipment: A vacuum system and two chemical test kits shall be provided to the operations staff.

7. Lighting: Provide minimum two underwater lights, one at each end.

8. Lifeguard area:

A. At temporary or permanent community-use pools, provide an area where a lifeguard or designated responsible person can monitor all activities in the pool area.

3109.12 Signage.

1. Provide the following signage at swimming pools.

2. Signage shall be conspicuously posted in English and the language of the host country.

3. Pictograph signs may be used in addition to text only signs.

4. Signage types.

Typeface shall be in contrasting color to background Provide slip-resistant finish

P2 DEPTH MARKINGS A. Placement – All pools

1) Shall be placed on pool deck edge next to pool and vertical wall of the pool sidewalls 2) Locate depth marks at points of maximum / minimum depths, at transition point(s) and for

each 300 mm change in depth.

3) Locate not greater than 7600 mm apart B. Graphic Requirements:

Minimum height: 100 mm

Provide depths in both metric and English units Typeface shall be in contrasting color to background Provide slip-resistant finish

P3 POOL RULES

A. Placement: Locate prominently at all temporary or permanent community pool access point(s) B. Graphic requirements:

1) Match Sign Type EXT-10, Wall Mounted Directional. Refer to OBO-ICS IZC Chapter 10 for requirements.

2) Text. Provide the following text:

♦ POOL RULES

♦ EVERY PERSON WITHIN THE POOL AREA MUST OBEY THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE CERTIFIED LIFEGUARD/DESIGNATED RESPONSIBLE PERSON OR FACE DISMISSAL FROM THE POOL AREA.

♦ NO PERSON SHALL FRATERNIZE WITH OR OTHERWISE DISTRACT THE CERTIFIED LIFEGUARD/DESIGNATED RESPONSIBLE PERSON FROM PERFORMING THE TASK OF POOL SURVEILLANCE AND RULE ENFORCEMENT.

♦ PERSONS 16 YEARS OR UNDER MAY NOT BE IN THE POOL AREA UNLESS A CERTIFIED LIFEGUARD/DESIGNATED RESPONSIBLE PERSON IS ON DUTY.