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The spatial relationships between green space availability and population have been examined in this study, first at the per MB and per green space level for all MBs and all green spaces in the MMA, and then aggregated into three zones of specified road network distances: 0-400 m, 0 – 800 m, and 0 – 1600 m.

The statistics examined for each green space and for each of the three zones around green spaces include: numbers of (total, young, adult, old) persons, total number of MBs, total area (ha) of MBs, and average distances between green space and residential MBs.

The statistics examined for each MB and for each of the three zones around MBs include: total green space area (ha), shortest road network distance to the nearest green space (m), mean shortest road network distance to all green spaces within

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the specified neighbourhood (m), and total number of green spaces within the specified neighbourhood.

Maps 5.2.1 to Map 5.2.3 show the spatial distributions of remote residential MBs and remote green spaces across the MMA, as defined by the 1600 m, 800 m and 400 m neighbourhoods, respectively. The remote green spaces located beyond 1600 m of any residential MB are all located in the edge of MMA. Most of them are national parks, which are designed for regional instead of neighbourhood

entertainments.

Map 5.2.1 The remote green space over 1600m to MB

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Map 5.2.2 The remote green space over 800m to MB

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Map 5.2.3 The remote green space over 400m to MB

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Tables 5.2.1 to 5.2.4 present some green space based observations for a set of MB and population related variables for three different neighbourhood zones (i.e. within 400 m, 800 m or 1600 m) and the remote zone (i.e. beyond 1600 m). These

observations are summarised in Table 5.2.5 and Table 5.2.6, and depicted in Figure 5.2.1 and Figure 5.2.2. On average,

 over 50%, 85%, or 98% of the residents or residential MBs in the MMA have at least one green space accessible within 400 m, 800m, or 1600m of

walking distance along local road network, respectively;

 for each green space, there are about 5, 8 or 9 residential MBs located within 400 m, 800m, or 1600m of walking distance along local road network,

respectively;

 for each green space, there are about 20 ha, 30 ha or 35 ha residential area located within 400 m, 800m, or 1600m of walking distance along local road network, respectively; and

 the average walking distance from green spaces to residential MBs are about 250 m, 500 m and 1000 m for the 400 m, 800 m and 1600 m green space-based neighbourhoods, respectively.

Tables 5.2.7 to 5.2.10 present some observations of MB-based summaries of green space area and residential population for three different neighbourhood zones (i.e.

within 400 m, 800 m or 1600 m) and the remote zone (i.e. beyond 1600 m). These observations are summarised in Table 5.2.11 and depicted in Figure 5.2.3. On average,

 over 90% of green spaces, and less 40% of green space area are located within the 400 m neighbourhoods of residential MBs;

 for each residential MB, there are about 2, 4 or 13 green spaces located within 400 m, 800m, or 1600m of walking distance along local road network, respectively;

 for each residential MB, there are about 16 ha, 30 ha or 110 ha of green space area located within 400 m, 800m, or 1600m of walking distance along local road network, respectively; and

 the average walking distance from residential MBs to their respective nearest green spaces are about 220 m, 355 m and 430 m for the 400 m, 800 m and 1600 m green space-based neighbourhoods

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As expected, the number of residential MBs, green spaces and their combinations generally increase with the size of the neighbourhood. As shown in Table 5.2.6 and Table 5.2.11, there are 21236 residential MBs, 4273 green spaces, and 38337 combinations for the 400 m neighbourhoods; 35140 residential MBs, 4481 green spaces and 126720 combinations for the 800 m neighbourhoods; 39464 residential MBs, 4567 green spaces and 526050 combinations for the 1600m neighbourhoods.

Beyond a travel distance of 1600 m, a green space or a residential MB is regarded as mutually remote, unattractive and inaccessible on foot, even though there are 527 such remote residential MBs and 111 such remote green spaces, it is pointless to consider their combinations because their respective neighbourhoods become too large to be accessible by pedestrians.

Table 5.2.1 Green space-based summary statistics for the 400m neighbourhood.

Table 5.2.2 Green space-based summary statistics for the 800m neighbourhood.

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Table 5.2.3 Green space-based summary statistics for the 1600m neighbourhood.

Table 5.2.4 Green space-based summary statistics for a set of remote green spaces.

Table 5.2.5 The percentage and size of population in different neighbourhood zones

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Figure 5.2.1 Population Structures within Zones of Specific Distances to Green Spaces in the MMA

Table 5.2.6 The percentage and amount of MB and MB area in certain distance level

Figure 5.2.2 Percentages of the Number and Area of Green Space within Zones of Specified Distances from Green Space in the MMA

YOUNG YOUNG YOUNG YOUNG

[0, 400] m [0,800]m [0,1600]m Total Population in

Residential MBs

Thousands Persons

Population Structures within Zones of Specific Distances to Green Spaces in the MMA

[0, 400] m [0,800]m [0,1600]m Total

Percentages of the Number and Area of Green Space within Zones of Specified Distances from Green Space in the MMA

Number of Green Spaces Area of Green Spaces

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Table 5.2.7 MB-based summary statistics for the 400m neighbourhood

Table 5.2.8 MB-based summary statistics for the 800m neighbourhood

Table 5.2.9 MB-based summary statistics for the1600m neighbourhood

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Table 5.2.10 MB-based summary statistics for a set of remote MBs

Table 5.2.11 The percentage and amount of green space in each distance level

Figure 5.2.3 Percentages of the Number and Area of Residential MBs within Zones of Specified Distances to Green Spaces in the MMA

91.34% 95.79% 97.63% 100%

37.10% 46.63%

57.43%

100%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

[0, 400] m [0,800]m [0,1600]m Total

Percentages of the Number and Area of Residential MBs within Zones of Specified Distances to Green Spaces in the MMA

Number of Residential MBs Area of Residential MBs

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