EL OTORGAMIENTO DE FACULTADES EXTRAORDINARIAS EN COLOMBIA:

The researchers conducted a survey to the fourteen Barangays of Navotas City with regards to the resiliency of their city in times of calamities. There was also a conduct of initial survey to their Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office using the assessment tool used by the Metro Manila Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council in order to determine whether they are complying with the standards set by National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. The result of such initial survey will be further validated when the fourteen Barangays through their respective officials and purok leaders answer the questionnaire prepared by the researchers.

Research Design

The descriptive method of research was used in this study. Descriptive method of research is a fact-finding study with adequate and accurate interpretation of the findings. It illustrates present conditions, practices, situations, or any phenomena based on impressions or reactions of respondents. In this method, the respondents answered the survey questionnaire in the easiest way that they could understand the questions well on the level of their comprehension. The survey techniques employed were through questionnaires, review of related literature, and key informant interview with the Head of Navotas City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office and the respective Barangays of the city represented by their official and purok leaders. The interview was focused on the perception of the

70 fourteen Barangays regarding the implementation of their programs and projects to combat the harmful effects of disasters, the availability and capacity of their facilities to respond to the needs of their citizens, the availability and capacity of their equipments to respond to the needs of the people, and the capacity and responsiveness of their rescue and relief in times of disasters.

Sampling Technique

The researchers used the purposive sampling method wherein all the barangays of Navotas City represented by their respective official, purok leaders and personnel of their Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office were the respondents chosen according to a set criteria. It was for the researchers to gather the accurate status of the city’s resiliency in time of calamities.

The respondents were selected through the following criteria set by the researchers:

1. Direct involvement in the implementation of the city’s disaster preparedness measures and techniques;

2. Technical know-how on the mechanisms which are needed to be employed for the city to be disaster resilient;

3. Degree of instruction with regards to the harmful effects of calamities and how they can be prepared for these;

4. Possession of direct authority and responsibility for the protection of lives and property of their citizens during a disaster; and

5. Direct benefits obtain from the effective and efficient implementation of those programs and projects for a disaster resilient community

71 Population and Respondents of the study

The population were composed of the fourteen Barangays of Navotas City namely: San Rafael Village, North Bay Boulevard South, North Bay Boulevard North, Bangculasi, Bagumbayan South, Bagumbayan North, Navotas East, Navotas West, Sipac-Almacen, San Jose, Daanghari, San Roque, Tangos, and Tanza with their respective barangay official as well as their purok leaders and the personnel of their Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office. It was presumed by the researchers that they were the most capable to provide a reliable assessment on the level of resiliency of their city in times of calamities which can further contribute to the improvement of their disaster preparedness measures.

Locale of the study

Since the study is focused on the level of resiliency of Navotas City in times of Calamities, the researchers were able to conduct their quantitative and qualitative method within the whole city of Navotas.

Instrumentation

The main source of data used in the study was the survey questionnaire given to the respondents. Secondary sources will include the review of related literature and studies and those data taken from the Metro Manila Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council as well as from the Navotas City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office.

72 Development of the Instrument

The researchers accumulate all the necessary information and data in order to come up with preliminary draft of the questionnaires. These include the accumulation of information from the Metro Manila Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council and Navotas City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office. Sample survey questionnaires from other researches also serve as guide for the researchers. From the various references, the researchers were able to develop an outline of the questionnaire.

Validation of the Survey Questionnaire

In order to test the reliability, appropriateness, and accuracy of the survey questionnaire, a pre-test was conducted in Navotas City. The researchers utilized 25 questionnaires given and answered by the common residents of the city. Through this, the researchers realized that only those persons who are familiar with the implementation of the programs and projects of the city for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management can give the right assessment required by the study. The Barangay officials and their purok leaders are the ones who can give that reliable assessment.

Description of the Survey Questionnaire

The survey questionnaire was composed of five parts. The first part dealt with the programs and projects of Navotas City for disaster preparedness. It is then broken down into different categories such as prevention and mitigation,

73 preparedness, response, and recovery and rehabilitation. Under each category, specific programs and projects were included.

The second part dealt with the facilities available in the city which can be used in times of disasters specifically evacuation areas including relief goods, water, enough space, sanitation, electricity, etc. and hospitals covering the availability of doctors, equipments, medicines, etc.

The third part dealt with the available equipments both light and heavy which can be used to respond to the needs of the people in times of calamities. On the fourth part, the efficiency of rescue and relief operations involving the police department, fire department, and their Rescuers/Volunteers was being assessed.

On the last part, the respondents were given a set of suggestions and recommendations for the betterment and improvements of the Navotas City Government Disaster Preparedness. From the set options, the respondents were to choose on what they can suggest and they can further give their own recommendation not included in the list of suggestions.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers gathered the necessary data from the Metro Manila Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council as well as from the Navotas City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office in the form of dialogue and discussion with their personnel. The researcher also conducted survey in the form of questionnaire to the respective Barangays of the city represented by their respective official and purok leaders.

74 The use of other research study as a guideline in the conduct of the study was also done for the purpose of knowing the proper steps and procedure that is needed to be observed. The researchers also use the help of the internet for the broader gathering of the latest data that would support the further realization of the study.

Statistical Tool

The type of measurement scale is interval because categories are ordered using equality of distance.

The Likkert Scale as type of attitude scale was used to measure the perceptions of the respondents. Each relative value has an assigned descriptive equivalent base on the issues that were raised in the study. It used the method of summated ratings.

Rating Scale for the Level of Resiliency of Navotas City in Times of Calamities with regards to the:

1. Implementation of their Programs and Projects in terms of:

1.1 Prevention and Mitigation 1.2 Preparedness

1.3 Response

1.4 Recovery and Rehabilitation

2. Availability and Capacity of their Facilities to respond to the needs of the people in terms of:

2.1 Evacuation Centers

75 2.2 Hospitals

3. Availability and Capacity of their Equipments to respond to the needs of the people in terms of:

3.1 Light Equipments 3.2 Heavy Equipments

4. Capacity and Responsiveness of their Rescue and Relief in times of Calamities composed of their:

4.1 Police Department 4.2 Fire Department 4.3 Rescuers/Volunteers

Relative Value Verbal Description

Symbol Statistical Limit

5 Excellent E 4.6-5.0

4 Very

Satisfactory

VS 3.6-4.5

3 Satisfactory S 2.6-3.5

2 Poor P 1.6-2.5

1 Very Poor VP 1.0-1.5

Statistical Treatment of Data

1. Percentage. It is employed to determine the frequency in percentage form of the respondent’s responses.

76 Percentage =

^{x 100}

2. Weighted Mean. It is used to determine the extent to which the respondents assessed the rated various categories along variables.

It is the mean where there is some variation in the relative contribution of individual data values to the mean. Each data value (Xi) has a weight assigned to it (Wi). Data values with larger weights contribute more to the weighted mean and data values with smaller weights contribute less to the weighted mean.

^{W =}

3. Ranking Method. This method allowed the relative position of an item in the group to be numbered consecutively based on the responses of the respondents.

Rank 1 Variable with the Highest Frequency

Rank 2 Variable with the second highest frequency and succeeding numbers for others

Rank for the variable with the same frequency

77 CHAPTER IV