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The results of quantitative evaluation of lead levels of dust from door step of house entrances from the local government areas in households are presented in Table 4.7. The results of quantitative evaluation of lead levels of dust from window sills from the local government areas in households are presented in Table 4.8. The results of quantitative evaluation of lead levels in paint chips in ppm from the local government areas in households are presented in Table 4.9.

The results of quantitative evaluation of lead levels in soil from front of the house from the local government areas in households are presented in Table 4.10. The results of quantitative evaluation of lead levels soil from the back of the house from the local government areas in households are presented in Table 4.11. The results of quantitative evaluation of lead levels in water in ppm from the local government areas in households are presented in Table 4.12.

93

Table 4.7: Lead levels of Dust from Door step of house entrances from the Local Government Areas

Ibadan North –East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

- 111.0 241.4 95.1 393.6

- 86.5 - - 64.2

- 74.0 -

-- 29.7 -

-Ibadan South-East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

110.2 278.7 69.3 168.5 70.4

77.0 108.2 61.1 143.3

-Ibadan South-West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

43.8 421.3 305.2 86.8 42.8

- 48.2 127.1 66.0 28.9

Ibadan North LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

66.7 235.3 30.2 33.1 44.9

- 53.6 2.6 32.5 44.4

Ibadan North-West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

24.1 - 77.5 133.4 665.1

- 12.5 34.9

-- 16.0

94

Table 4.8: Lead `levels of Dust from Windows Sills from the Local Government Areas

Ibadan North-West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

10.8 - 2 26.2 46.0

- - - 73.4 62.8

- - - - 64.9

Ibadan South-East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

53.3 55.6 79.5 47.9 94.2

61.6 103.3 811 244.4 -

Ibadan South-West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

93.2 279 47.2 63.9 40.8

- 69.5 29.5 22.7 19.3

- - - - -

Ibadan North LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

6.7 9.2 5.1 5.9 57.9

- 44.2 8.7 12.3

- - 7.4 - -

Ibadan North - East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

- 15.0 345.2 11.6 8.3

- 19.3 - - 52.2

- 21.3 - -

- 188.0 - -

95

Table 4.9: Lead levels in Paint chips in ppm from the local Government Areas Ibadan North LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

492.2 11,131 211.0 218.8 0

- 740.4 17.0 85.1 0

- - 14.7 - -

Ibadan North – West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

12.2 - 51.3 1346.4 1675

- - 41.4 668.6 126.6

- - - - 27.8

Ibadan South-East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 4698.2 96.1 43,273.5 129.3 2275.0

177.4 70.2 69.0 72.6 0

Ibadan South-West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

1352 13676 5207 150 49.3

- 1915 40 45.8

Ibadan North - East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

- 15,326.9 2.8 32.9 13,705

- 38.6 - - 0

- 20.1 - - -

- 0 - - -

96

Table 4.10: Lead levels in Soil from front of the House from the Local Government Areas Ibadan North LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

38.0 17.5 16.5 7.9 17.0

- 381 23.7 22.6 19.3

- 31.2 - -

Ibadan North-East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

- 3028.0 94.0 43.3 18.5

- 310.1 - - 60.0

- 164.0 - - -

- 16.3 - - -

Ibadan North-West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

20 - 32.9 52.1 77.8

- - 18.4 31.9 47.9

- - - - 9.8

Ibadan South-East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

85.8 160.9 61.6 141.9 59.3

27.8 83.6 59.3 116.6 -

Ibadan South-West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 40.5 132.1 130.3 107.6 16.5

- 37.7 31.9 77.2 15

97

Table 4.11:Lead levels in soil from the back of the House from the Local Government Areas

Ibadan North LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

12.7 92.4 79.9 21.8 28.7

- 14.1 29.4 11.9 19.9

Ibadan North –East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

- 166.1 247.7 48.6 56.7

- 80.9 - - 23.9

- 80.0 - - -

- 15.0 - - -

Ibadan North-West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

23.8 - 26.3 71.8 247.2

- - 23.0 48.2 14.1

- - - 9.0

Ibadan South-East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 81.6 154.8 111.1 132.1 84.1

41.4 107.6 72.6 59.2 -

Ibadan South-West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

78.8 85.0 152.6 27.8 24.8

- 75.6 95.7 25.6 15.6

98

Table 4.12: Lead levels in water in ppm from Local Government Areas Ibadan North LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

0.3 0.21 0.21 0.25 0.25

- 0.21 0.21 0.33 0.33

- 0.21 - -

Ibadan North - East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

- 0.21 0.21 0.3 0.3

- 0.28 - 1.23 1.23

- 0.32 - - -

- 1.23 - - -

Ibadan North-West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

0.16 - 0.07 0.25 0.07

- - 0.16 0.25 0.16

- - - - 0.16

Ibadan South-East LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

0.07 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.07

0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16

Ibadan South-West LGA

Decade 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.16

- 0.07 0.16 0.16 0.16

99 4.7.1 Lead levels in Door step Dust

The amount of lead levels in the soil at the door step of house entrances ranged from 2.6 to 665.1 ppm with an arithmetic mean (SD) of 115.1 ± 128.5 ppm. Visually (figure 4.18) and by

hypothesis testing p = 0.11. Figure 4.17 and 4. 18 show the comparison of the lead levels in dust from door step of the different homes by decade and LGA respectively.

4.7.2 Lead levels in Window Sill Dust

The amount of lead levels in window sills sampled in this study ranged from 5.1 to 811ppm with arithmetic mean (SD) of 83.3 ± 113 ppm. Here p = 0.72. Figures 4.12 and 4.13 show the comparison of the window sills dust lead levels from different homes by decade and by LGA respectively.

4.7.3 Lead levels in Paints Chips

The amount of lead levels in paint chips obtain from the houses ranged from 0 – 43,273.5 ppm with arithmetic mean (SD) of 2894.6 ± 7946.4 ppm. Figures 4.18 and 4.19 show the lead levels in paint chips from different home by decade and LGA respectively.

4.7.4 Lead levels in the Soil in front of the house

There was a wide range in values of the amount of lead levels in the soil in the front of houses in this study. This ranged from 7.9 to 3027 ppm with arithmetic mean (SD) of 135.3 ± 446.9 ppm.

Here p = 0.42. Figures 4.14 and 4. 15 show the comparison of lead levels in soil from front of the house of the different homes by decade and LGA respectively.

4.7.8 Lead levels in the soil in back of the house

There was a more limited range in the values of the amount of lead levels in the soil in back of the houses sampled in this study. This ranged from 11.9 to 247.7 ppm with arithmetic mean (SD) of 69.4 ± 58.6 ppm. Here p = 0.14. Figures 4.16 and 4.17 show the comparison of lead levels in soil from the back of the different homes by decade and LGA respectively.

4.7.9 Water lead levels

Analysis of lead levels in water in the homes show the wide variation between the local governments in this study. The value ranged from 0.07 to 1.23 ppm with arithmetic mean (SD)

100

of 0.21 ± 0.17 ppm. Figures 4.10and 4. 11 show the comparison of lead levels in water by decade and LGA respectively.

4.8 Discussion of Quantitative Evaluation of lead levels in Household Dust, Paint chips, Soil