La Empresa deberá articular acciones de apoyo con

The publication of results based on propensity score methods has increased dramatically in recent years. The validity of estimations of effects based on

propensity score methods lies among other conditions on the assumption that the study accounts for all the unobservable characteristics associated with participating in the programme; which is a non-testable condition. Thus, further studies using rigorous experimental designs to assess the effectiveness of TVET programmes are required to inform the design of these programmes. Since the use of experimental evaluations is not always feasible, it is also important that empirical methods for measuring, and ultimately reducing, the bias incurred by the use of quasi-

experimental evaluation methods continue to be developed; see, for example, recent work by Costa Dias, Ichimura, and van den Berg (2012).

7 Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) and the International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie) for providing financial support for this study. Special thanks are due to Sandra Jo Wilson, editor of the Education Coordination Group (ECG), for her guidance

throughout the project. The funding agency informed the scope and development of the review. The opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the funding agency.

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