En relación a la sentencia de primera instancia

One or two individuals place their feet right on the ladder’s posts or squat on its first rungs. The other individuals can then raise or lower the ladder easily.

In order to load the shoulder with an object such as: a beam, a branch, a log etc., the carriers must always position themselves at the heaviest extremity, which is the first to be lifted.

The carriers “dead lift” it, while the other end remains on the ground.

An adequate number of carriers load it on the shoulder.

The remaining carriers then lift the other end and in turn load it on their shoulder.

All the carriers then spread out at a distance that allows comfortable transport and movement.

To raise a ladder vertically [INSERT PIC] carriers must begin by pressing the foot or the based against a wall or any fixed object. They then lift the other end by positioning themselves gradually one after the other right under the ladder.

They extend their arms vertically and step by step get closer to the base, in order to erect the ladder vertically.

When the support point for the ladder’s base is lacking, one or two carriers position themselves on the first two bottom rungs, and strongly carry their weight backwards, with their hands holding on to the ladder itself.

That way, the base of the ladder is sufficiently anchored on the ground with the weight of the two carriers, which then makes it easy to raise it as described.

5. CARRYING THE SICK AND THE INJURED.

The ways to carry vary obviously according to circumstances. They depend upon:

The weight of the person to carry;

The condition of the person;

The distance to cover;

The number of available carriers, etc.

1st Manner: Grab hold of the person at the midsection with one arm.

The injured or sick person lying down on the ground, grab them from behind, hands under armpits.

Lift the person and position them gently under one arm, head hanging forward, legs back.

The arm of the carrier is placed under the stomach of the person being carried, so that the latter may have their chest free.

Pictured left: Carrying a sick or wounded person by grabbing hold of the body at the midsection with one arm)

This manner is convenient when one is in the presence of only one person who is neither too heavy, nor there is a distance to cover of more than a few meters, or to climb a set of stairs. In that case, grab the rail with the free hand.

2nd Manner: Carry the person in both arms.

This method, usually applied to carrying children, ought to be utilized when there’s only one individual who is not too heavy and the distance to cover is of only a few meters or to do down a

small set of stairs.

Transporting a sick or injured person by carrying them in both arms.

3rd Manner: Place the person in “piggy-back”.

The carrier supports the legs of the person being carried with their hands; the person carried crosses their arms on the chest of the carrier.

This manner allows the easy transport of a lightly injured person, at the limbs or the head and having enough strength to hold on to the carrier, over a longer distance.

Pictured left: transporting a sick or injured person by having them sit straddled across the shoulders or piggyback.

4th Manner: Carry the injured straddling both shoulders or seated on one shoulder.

1) First place the injured piggyback style, lift them by the upper arms and shift their legs over the shoulders. Or, squat down and place the injured directly on the shoulders.

2) The injured straddling both shoulders, in order to have them sit on one shoulder, for instance, shift their right leg over the head of the carrier, grab then both legs with the left arm while supporting their right hand.

If the injured can stand up by independently, squat down and position them directly on the shoulder.

The aforementioned two manners, as the previous one, apply for the longer distance transport of individuals lightly injured to the head or limbs.

5th Manner: Place the injured stomach down on the shoulder or the neck. [

1) On the shoulder. The person lying down on the ground, position yourself on their left, for instance, and set the left knee on the ground. Grab the left arm, in this case, lift the person off the ground in order to put their back on your right knee. Grab them with both arms around the waist, the right arm over, the left arm under. Stand up and place the person on the left shoulder by lifting them vigorously, so that their legs swing over the left shoulder and hang behind, the upper body forward.

Repeat the same exercise on the right shoulder.

Carrying of the sick and injured by placing them face down, on their stomach, either on the shoulder or across the neck.

2) On the neck. Once the person is placed on the left shoulder, for instance, grab the legs with the right hand in order to bring them around to the right shoulder.

6th Manner: Two-person carry by the arms and legs.

1) One carrier grabs the person under the armpits, the other by the legs by placing themselves either between the legs or at the side.

2) Or, have one of the carriers grab the right arm and right leg, the other grab the left arm and left leg.

Two-person carry of the sick or injured by grabbing hold of the arms and legs.

These 2 manners apply in the case of a sick, injured or dead person, when the distance to cover is relatively short.

7th Manner: Simple gurney.

Both carriers grab each other’s hands (the right hand of one in the other’s left), by crossing the fingers. They then lower themselves and the carried sits on the improvised seat, grabbing both carriers around the neck. The carriers face forward, that way.

8th Manner: The “porters’ seat”

Two carriers/porters face each other and grab each other’s opposite hands, crossing fingers and positioning their free arm on each other’s shoulder, to create a back support to their seat. The carried then sits and the carriers move laterally.

This manner allows to carry someone over a long distance, be they gravely injured, passed out or dead.

LEFT: Simple two-porter gurney/seat. The porters hold hands, crossing fingers, to carry the injured.

RIGHT: The porters’ chair. The two porters/carriers hold hands (left hand to right hand) and place the other two hands on each other’s shoulder to form a backrest.

9th Manner: The double-gurney.

Four carriers face each other two-by-two, holding hands at the wrists or crossing fingers. The carried lies down on the entire length of this makeshift bed. A fifth carrier can walk behind and lift the carried’s head; a sixth can carry support the legs.