It must again be highlighted that our focus on adinventio is due to its well attested presence in the books of the Clementine Vulgate version of the Jewish Greek Bible as well as the suggestion that it may have some association with the older textual tradition of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible. Adinventio is a way into this discussion of variation and no assumptions should be made regarding its presence in the Latin Jewish Greek Bible.
The methodology for pursuing an examination of variation in the Latin textual tradition of the Jewish Greek Bible is necessarily convoluted, given the limitations of our resources. Our discussion of adinventio and its Latin lexical variants begins with a search for examples of adinventio in the Clementine Vulgate. A search of the Clementine text using VulSearch provides us with a list of verses which contain adinventio (see Figure 5). This list is an essential guide to the initial investigation of adinventio in the Latin text.
In an effort to identify those readings in the Latin Jewish Greek Bible which are relevant to this conversation, but do not attest adinventio in the Vulgate text, we must also examine the Latin translations of those verses of the Jewish Greek Bible which contain e0pith/deuma. These verses may be identified using a
concordance to the Greek Septuagint text (Figure 6). We must also ensure that we are aware of the Greek underlying adinventio in those verses listed in Figure 5, as this may not always be e0pith/deuma.
This examination will argue that the Latin textual tradition of those verses which attest adinventio and those verses which are based on e0pith/deuma provides a pathway into the Latin lexical variation of the Jewish Greek Bible, as suggested by Augustine.
Figure 5: Adinventio in the text of the Vulgate (from VulSearch 4.1.6) Deuteronomy 28:20 Judges 2:19 1 Chronicles 16:8 Job 20:18 Psalms 27:4, 76:13, 80:13, 98:8, 105:29, 105:39 Wisdom of Solomon 14:12 Wisdom of Sirach 35:12, 40:2 Isaiah 3:8, 3:10, 12:4 Jeremiah 17:10, 32:19 Ezekiel 14:22, 14:23, 24:14, 36:19 Hosea 7:2, 9:15, 12:2 Micah 3:4 Zephaniah 3:11 Zechariah 1:6 2 Esdras 6:5, 15:48, 16:55, 16:6559
The Thesaurus linguae Latinae60 and Rönsch also provide some further details regarding the use of adinventio outside the Vulgate textual tradition. 61 In addition to the verses listed in Figure 5 both the Thesaurus linguae Latinae and Rönsch note the use of adinventio outside the Vulgate text in 1 Kingdoms (1 Samuel) 2:3 and Wisdom of Solomon 9:14. The Thesaurus linguae Latinae also notes the independent use of adinventio in Psalm 13:1 andLeviticus 18:3. Rönsch draws attention to the independent use of adinventio in Micah 2:7 and 2:9.
From the entries on adinventio in both the Thesaurus linguae Latinae and Rönsch it is already apparent that adinventio stands as a variant reading to the Vulgate text in some textual traditions of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible. We must therefore expect this study will reveal further examples of this variation.
59
The text of 2 Esdras is not included in the VulSearch text. This list has been supplemented from the Perseus Digital Library. Due to the complexity of the relationship of the texts of Esdras / Ezra in the Latin textual tradition the examples from 2 Esdras have not been included in this
discussion.
60
Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin and Bayerische Akademie der
Wissenschaften, Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (Leipzig: Teubner, Munich: Saur, Berlin: de Gruyter, 1900). Volume I: A – Amyzon. 688-689.
61
Figure 6: e0pith/deuma in the Septuagint text according to Hatch and Redpath Leviticus 18:3 (x2) Deuteronomy 28:20 Judges 2:19 1 Kingdoms (1 Samuel) 2:3, 25:3 3 Kingdoms (1 Kings) 15:12 1 Chronicles 16:8 Nehemiah 9:35 Judith 10:8, 11:6, 13:5 Job 14 :16 Psalms 9:11, 13(14):1, 27(28):4, 76(77):12, 80(81):12, 98(99):8, 105(106):29, 105(106):39 Proverbs 20:11 Hosea 9:15, 12:2(3) Micah 2:7, 2:9, 3:4, 7:13 Zephaniah 3:11 Zechariah 1:4. 1:6 Jeremiah 4:4, 4:18, 7:3, 7:5, 11:18, 17:10, 18:11, 23:2, 23:22, 25:5, 33(26):3, 42(35):15 Ezekiel 6:9 (x2), 8:15, 14:6, 20:7, 20:8, 20:18, 20:39, 20:43, 20:44, 21:24(29), 36:31
This thesis will explore the implications of lexical variation in the text of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible, as suggested by Augustine’s discussion of Ps 105:39. Initially the focus will be on the discussion of adinventio and its Latin lexical equivalents. In an effort to respect the textual traditions of individual Books of the Jewish Greek Bible the discussion of adinventio and its Latin lexical variants has been divided into Chapters based on loose associations of texts. The
examination of adinventio and its Latin lexical equivalents begins in Chapter Two where we will explore the variation associated with adinventio and e0pith/deumain the text of Jeremiah, Ezekiel and the Minor Prophets. In Chapter Three we will undertake a similar examination of adinventio and e0pith/deuma in the text of Psalms. Chapter Four will conclude our examination of adinventio and
e0pith/deuma by exploring those examples associated with these readings in other books of the Jewish Greek Bible. In Chapter Five we move away from a specific discussion of adinventio and consider the likelihood that certain books within the Vulgate Latin Jewish Greek Bible attest an older textual tradition. An examination of vocabulary peculiar to these books will help identify lexical variation in other books of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible. Finally, in Chapter Six we will consider the variation apparent within the works of Augustine and Jerome and demonstrate that a study of Latin lexical equivalents can also inform the wider discussion of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible.