diagnostic algorithm for, 2
most common cause of chronic, 12–15
as red flag sign, 3
Neer test, 2627 28
shoulder pain diagnostic, 24
Neer's stages of rotator cuff pathology, 26
Nerve root, 345–6
Neurologic symptoms, as red flag, 34
acromioclavicular joint separation physical examination, 58
ankle pain with, 195
hip and groin pain with, 147
with knee pain, 167
lower back and shooting leg pain with, 115
occipital neuralgia, 213–16
Neurontin. See Gabapentin
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 8
acromioclavicular joint arthritis treatment, 53
adhesive capsulitis treatment, 56
ankle sprain treatment, 199
anterior interosseous nerve syndrome, 77
bicipital tendonitis treatment, 35
cervical discogenic pain treatment, 17–20
cervical myofascial pain treatment, 12
cervical strain treatment, 10
hip osteoarthritis treatment, 151–152
impingement syndrome treatment, 30
knee osteoarthritis treatment, 171
lateral epicondylitis treatment, 64
lumbosacral radiculitis/ radiculopathy treatment, 125
negative side-effect profile of, 171
pronator syndrome, 76–77
spinal stenosis treatment, 135
superior labral anterior and posterior tear treatment, 42–43
Numbness, 60
cubital tunnel syndrome diagnostic, 71
diagnostic algorithm for hip, 146
forearm, 86
Parsonage-Turner syndrome clinical presentation, 24
pronator syndrome, 76
shoulder pain with, 24
tarsal tunnel syndrome, 203
thoracic outlet syndrome diagnostic, 22–23
O
OA. See Osteoarthritis O'Brien test
acromioclavicular joint arthritis examination, 53
shoulder pain diagnostic, 24
superior labral anterior and posterior tear diagnostic, 40–4142
Obturator neuropathy, 146156–158
physical examination, 157–158
treatment, 158
Occipital neuralgia, 213–16
OCD. See Osteochondritis dissecans Olecranon bursitis, 74–76
diagnostic studies, 75
treatment, 75–76
Oral steroid taper
cervical radiculopathy treatment, 8
inflammatory or malignant conditions v., 8
Osgood-Schlatter disease, 191–192
diagnostic algorithm for, 166
Osteoarthritis (OA). See Also Arthritis acromioclavicular joint, 24
ankle, 201–202
diagnostic algorithm for, 194
first carpometacarpal, 95–98
diagnostic algorithm for, 86
hallux rigidus, 204–205
hip, 149–152150
knee, 167–173169
diagnostic algorithm for, 166
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), 166189–191
Osteotomy, knee osteoarthritis treatment, 173
P
Pace maneuver, 114
Pars interarticularis fracture (lumbar spondylolysis), 137–139
background, 137 clinical presentation, 137 diagnostic studies, 138139 physical examination, 138 treatment, 138–139 Parsonage-Turner syndrome, 224–25
Passive range of motion (PROM), shoulder pain diagnostic, 24
Patella tendonitis (jumper's knee), 184–185
Patellofemoral syndrome (PFS), 181–183182
background, 181
clinical presentation, 181
diagnostic algorithm for, 166
physical examination, 181–182
treatment, 183
Patrick test. See Flexion, abduction, external rotation (FABER) test PCL. See Posterior cruciate ligament
Pectineal muscle stretch, 157–158
Pes anserine bursitis, 185–188
diagnostic algorithm for, 166
PFS. See Patellofemoral syndrome Phalen test, carpal tunnel syndrome, 89
Physical therapy. See Also Exercises
acromioclavicular joint arthritis treatment, 53
acromioclavicular joint separation treatment, 59
biceps tendon rupture treatment, 39
bicipital tendonitis treatment, 35
cervical myofascial pain treatment, 12
cervical radiculopathy treatment, 8
cubital tunnel syndrome treatment, 72
full-thickness rotator cuff tear treatment, 33
hip labral tear treatment, 154
knee osteoarthritis treatment, 170
ligament injury treatment, 180
Parsonage-Turner syndrome treatment, 25
patellofemoral syndrome treatment, 183
radial tunnel syndrome treatment, 67
thoracic outlet syndrome treatment, 23
Piriformis syndrome, 114141–144143
treatment, 143–144
Plantar fasciitis, 207–209
Positional pain, cervical radiculopathy causing, 5
Posterior ankle impingement, 219–220
Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), 177–180
Posterior drawer test, 180
See Also Anterior drawer test
Posterior impingement syndrome, diagnostic algorithm for, 194
Posture. See Also Footwear, specialized education on, 30
kyphosis, 11
proper v. poor, 9
thoracic outlet syndrome from abnormal, 23
Pregabalin (Lyrica), 8
Prepatellar bursitis (housemaid's knee), 188–189
diagnostic algorithm for, 166
PRICE. See Protection, restricted activity, ice, compression, elevation PROM. See Passive range of motion
Pronator syndrome, 76–7786
Protection, restricted activity, ice, compression, elevation (PRICE), 73
ankle sprain treatment, 199
anterior ankle impingement treatment, 218–219
ligament injury, 180
medial calf injury treatment, 216
meniscus tear treatment, 177
posterior ankle impingement treatment, 219–220
turf toe treatment, 212–213
Pulse loss, as red flag ankle pain with, 195
hip and groin pain with, 147
knee pain with, 167
Q
Quadriceps strengthening
knee osteoarthritis treatment, 170
meniscus tear treatment, 177
patellofemoral syndrome treatment, 183
R
Radial nerve Tinel test, 60
Radial tunnel syndrome, 6065–67
background, 65–66
clinical presentation, 66
diagnostic studies, 67
Radiating leg pain, diagnostic algorithm for, 114
Radiograph studies
acromioclavicular joint separation diagnostic, 58–59
adhesive capsulitis diagnostic, 56
ankylosing spondylitis diagnostic, 136
anterior ankle impingement, 218–219
femoral neck stress fracture, 163167
full-thickness rotator cuff tear diagnostic, 32–33
Hill-Sachs lesion, 47
hip labral tear diagnostic, 153–154
hip osteoarthritis, 150
impingement syndrome, 28–29
knee osteoarthritis, 168–170 meniscus tear, 176
olecranon bursitis v. fracture, 74–75
Parsonage-Turner syndrome diagnostic, 25
superior labral anterior and posterior tear diagnostic, 41
tarsal tunnel syndrome, 203
thoracic outlet syndrome diagnostic, 23
turf toe, 212–213
Range of motion (ROM), 114
exercises
cervical strain treatment, 10
ligament injury treatment, 180
hip, 146
passive, 24
Reflexes, diminished, 5,7
Parsonage-Turner syndrome physical examination, 24
Repetitive hyperextension avoidance, spondylolisthesis treatment, 141
Rest, ice, compression, elevation (RICE) ankle osteoarthritis treatment, 202
groin strain treatment, 148–149
iliopsoas tendonitis/bursitis treatment, 162
Retrocalcaneal bursitis (Achilles tendonitis), 199–201
diagnostic algorithm for, 194
Rheumatoid arthritis, olecranon bursitis v., 74–75
RICE. See Rest, ice, compression, elevation Rocker bottom shoe, 205
See Also Footwear, specialized ROM. See Range of motion Rotator cuff tear, 242631–33
See Also Impingement syndrome (rotator cuff tendonitis)
S
Sacroiliac (SI) joint pain, 131–134132
compression test, 133
physical examination, 132–133
Scaphoid fracture, 106–107
Scapular stabilization surgery, Parsonage-Turner syndrome treatment, 25
Scarf test, acromioclavicular joint arthritis examination, 53
Sclerotome, 34
Sensory deficits, 5,7
Shin splints (medial tibial stress syndrome), 217–218
Shooting arm pain, as red flag, 23
Shoulder dislocation, 43–4845–47 background, 43 clinical presentation, 44 diagnostic studies, 47–48 physical examination, 44–474546 instability, 24 Shoulder pain, 25–59
algorithm diagnostic for, 24
as red flag sign, 25
Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), cervical facet joint (z- joint) syndrome diagnostic, 13–14
Skier's thumb, 8698–10099
SLAP tear. See Superior labral anterior and posterior tear Sleep disturbance
cervical radiculopathy, 58
cervical strain, 10
Sling, acromioclavicular joint separation treatment, 59
Slump test, 114
Spasm, acute, 114
SPECT. See Single-photon emission computed tomography Speed test
biceps tendon rupture diagnostic, 39
bicipital tendonitis physical examination, 3435
Spinal cord impingement cervical myelopathy, 20–22
Hoffman test indicating, 7
Spinal stenosis, 114134–135
Splint
plantar fasciitis treatment, 208
plastic lightweight
anterior interosseous nerve syndrome treatment, 77
cubital tunnel syndrome treatment, 72
radial tunnel syndrome treatment, 67
Spondylolisthesis, 114140–141
treatment, 141
Sports elbow protector, cubital tunnel syndrome treatment, 72
Spurling test, 286
cervical radiculopathy diagnostic, 5–6
"Squeeze test," Morton neuroma, 209–210
Steroid injection. See Also Anesthetic injection; Chondroitin sulfate acromioclavicular joint arthritis treatment, 53
bicipital tendonitis treatment, 35
cervical discogenic pain treatment, 20
coccydynia treatment, 145
discogenic lower back pain treatment, 127–128
hip labral tear treatment, 154
hip osteoarthritis treatment, 151
knee osteoarthritis treatment, 171172
occipital neuralgia treatment, 13–16
plantar fasciitis treatment, 208
radial tunnel syndrome diagnostic and treatment, 67
superior labral anterior and posterior tear treatment, 42–43
Stimson technique, 48
Straight leg raise, 114
Stretching, plantar fasciitis treatment, 208
Subacromial steroid injection, impingement syndrome treatment, 29–3130–31
Superior labral anterior and posterior (SLAP) tear, 2439–434142
physical examination, 40–41 42
treatment, 42–43
Suprascapular nerve block, 52
adhesive capsulitis treatment, 56
Surgery
acromioclavicular joint separation treatment, 59
Bankart lesion treatment, 48
biceps tendon rupture treatment, 39
cervical myelopathy treatment, 21–22
cervical radiculopathy treatment, 9
cubital tunnel syndrome treatment, 72
full-thickness rotator cuff tear treatment, 33
glenohumeral arthritis treatment, 50–525152
hallux rigidus, 204–205
impingement syndrome treatment, 31
knee osteoarthritis treatment, 173
ligament injury treatment, 180
meniscus tear treatment, 177
patellar resurfacing, 183
patellofemoral syndrome treatment, 183
scapular stabilization, Parsonage-Turner syndrome treatment, 25
spondylolisthesis grades III and IV treatment, 141
superior labral anterior and posterior tear treatment, 42–43
Swelling, as red flag sign, 167
See Also Inflammation
Swimming, hip osteoarthritis treatment, 151
T
Tarsal tunnel syndrome, 202–204
diagnostic algorithm for, 194
Tendonitis, biceps, 24
Tennis leg (medial calf injury), 215–216
Theater sign, 166
Thigh pain, diagnostic algorithm for, 146
Thompson test, Achilles tendon rupture, 213–215 214
Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), 222–23
Thumb. See Finger Tinel test
ankle pain, 194
carpal tunnel syndrome, 88
cubital tunnel syndrome diagnostic, 71
hip pain, 146
radial nerve, 60
suboccipital, 215
tarsal tunnel syndrome, 203
wrist, 86
Tingling, shoulder pain with, 24
"Tom, Dick, and Harry" mnemonic (tarsal tunnel syndrome), 202
TOS. See Thoracic outlet syndrome
Trauma, significant. See Also Atraumatic multidirectional and bilateral rehabilitative therapy
lower back and shooting leg pain from, 115
Trauma, significant (Cont.)
traumatic unidirectional shoulder instability with Bankart lesion, 48
Traumatic unidirectional shoulder instability with Bankart lesion (TUBS), 48
Triamcinolone acetonide, 65 172
impingement syndrome treatment, 3030–31
medial epicondylitis treatment, 70
suprascapular nerve block, 52
Trigger finger, 86100–102
Trigger point injection, piriformis syndrome treatment, 143–144
Trochanteric bursitis, 158–160159
background, 158
clinical presentation, 158–159
physical examination, 159–160
treatment, 160
TUBS. See Traumatic unidirectional shoulder instability with Bankart lesion Tumor, Parsonage-Turner syndrome differential diagnosis, 24
U
UCL. See Ulnar collateral ligament injury Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury, 6072–74
Ulnar entrapment at wrist (Guyon canal syndrome), 86111–112
Ulnar neuropathy, hand pain from, 86
Ultrasound
acromioclavicular joint separation diagnostic, 58–59
Doppler, thoracic outlet syndrome diagnostic, 23
flexor hallucis longus tendonitis diagnostic, 221
-guided bicipital tendonitis treatment, 35
-guided impingement syndrome treatment, 2931
thoracic outlet syndrome treatment, 23
V
Venography, thoracic outlet syndrome diagnostic, 23
Viking disease (Dupuytren disease), 112–113
W
Walking, sitting v. (symptom aggravation), 114
Weakness
diagnostic algorithm for thigh, 146
Parsonage-Turner syndrome physical examination, 24
thoracic outlet syndrome diagnostic, 22–23
Weight loss (unintended), 3
lower back and shooting leg pain with, 115
Weight-bearing capacity, 146
Weight-bearing exercises ankle sprain treatment, 199
hip osteoarthritis treatment, 151
Whiplash injury, 1215
Wilson test, 166
Wrist pain. See Also Hand pain Guyon canal syndrome, 86111–112
as red flag sign, 85
Wrist sprain, 107–108
Y
Yergason test
biceps tendon rupture diagnostic, 39
bicipital tendonitis physical examination, 3536
Z
Z-joint syndrome. See Cervical facet joint syndrome Z-joints. See Zygapophysial joints