Capítulo II: LA CONTEMPLACIÓN PARA ALCANZAR AMOR DE LOS EJERCICIOS
2. Estructura de la Contemplación para alcanzar Amor
General. This flow and checklist is used to prepare for starting the engines.
Trigger. Approximately 25 minutes prior to departure.
For the first flight of the day, the Before Start Check will be executed following the completion of the Acceptance Check. On turn-around flights when the aircraft remains powered, crews will go directly to the Before Start Check when preparing for the next flight. When the aircraft is depowered between flights or there is a crew swap, crews will begin with the Acceptance Check.
Departure Setup.
The following items will be completed and reviewed aloud by both pilots prior to calling for the Before Start Check.
1. ATIS
Prior to calling for the Before Start Check, either crewmember will have received the ATIS and ATC clearance for the leg to be flown. Once these are received, the initial altitude, frequencies (COM and NAV on RTUs 1 & 2), transponder code, and altimeters should be set accordingly. TCAS should be set to AUTO & REL. The WX/TERR selection on the DCP should be set to terrain unless weather radar is expected to be used for departure.
•
Note•
Primary ATC communications will normally be conducted using COM 1. COM 2 will be used for Company, Maintenance, ATIS, etc.
Both the Captain’s and First Officer’s PFDs and the FMS will be set in the following manner so that these settings can be reviewed and confirmed without delay prior to the Before Start Check.
1. Both pilots will select and identify the respective appropriate navigation source. The PF must be in short range (green needles) if the departure procedure or the engine failure procedure requires localizer tracking, VOR tracking, or DME identification.
•
Note•
If the waypoint or DME required turn is preloaded from the FMS database both pilots may be in white needles.
2. Set Flap Retraction Altitude (FRA) on the MDA bug to 1000 ft. above field elevation or as published in the Takeoff Report, whichever is higher.
3. Set airspeed bug to 200 knots.
4. Set heading bug to runway heading.
5. Set the initial altitude in ALT preselect.
6. Set up the assigned departure and route in the FMS.
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4a-32 Normal Procedures <-200>
Normal Checklists FMS Initialization (If required).
Confirm the following on the STATUS page:
• ACTIVE DATA BASE
• UTC and DATE
• PERF DATA BASE on page 2 (confirm engine type) On the INDEX page select:
• POS INIT
— Enter the airport ICAO identifier in the scratchpad
— Press the airport line key. Verify that the FMS airport reference position is correct by referring to the latitude and longitude coordinates on the airport chart.
— Press the airport reference position (lat & long) line key
— Press the SET POS line key
•
Note•
If this position disagrees by more than 40 nm from the position last known by the FMS, the message RESET INITIAL POSITION is displayed on the FMS annunciator line. Verify the entry and re-enter the position.
• VOR CONTROL
— Ensure that the VOR and DME USAGE line is ENABLED
— Up to eight VORs can be inhibited
• GPS CONTROL
— Ensure that GPS is ENABLED
— Deselect satellites, as appropriate
• FMS CONTROL
— Select FMS DATA KEY to LEFT
• DEFAULTS (page 2)
— Enter climb speed of 290/.70-.74
— Enter cruise speed of 290/.74
— Enter descent speed of .74/290
— Enter descent angle of 3.0
— Enter Fuel flow correction of 0.0 (page 3) FMS Flight Plan Programming.
If destination airport is served by RNAV or GPS approaches only, the following procedure is mandatory:
— Select INDEX
— Select GPS CONTROL
— Enter the four letter ICAO airport identifier
— Enter destination airport ETA in Zulu 30 AUG 10
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Normal Procedures <-200> 4a-33 Normal Checklists
PSA Airlines, Inc.
CRJ Pilot Operating Handbook
• DEP/ARR
Runway, SID, and STAR with applicable transitions.
• FLPN
Pilots will verbally review the flight plan by verifying each leg of the route with the ATC clearance, dispatch flight release and Jeppesen Airway charts. Verify the total distance, confirm and EXEC the flight plan, and COPY ACTIVE.
• RADIO
— Select as required
• PROG
— Select NEXT PAGE to view 2/2
— Enter RNP 1.0 in position R6 to ensure GPS coverage during entire flight (N/A if GPS and/or FMS is deferred)
• MFD MENU
— Select PF window to VNAV
— Select PM window to ON
— Select SPEED, ALTITUDE, and RNG TO ALT (this allows for any constraints in the flight plan to appear on the MFD).
• PERF
— Enter OAT
— Temporarily select proper bleed configuration expected for takeoff (this will cause MCT value to be displayed).
Enter MCT value into the scratchpad and line select it into TGT (Target N1), then reselect the bleed configuration to OFF. This will be the crew’s MCT reference prior to switching the bleeds after takeoff.
— Ensure TO is active on Thrust Limit page 1 for normal takeoff
Exception: If a FLX takeoff is planned, enter FLX temp and ensure FLX is active on Thrust Limit page 2.
• PERF MENU
— Advisory VNAV, enable
If fuel is not in the PREDICTED performance mode (as indicated on the MFD window), carry out the following steps:
— Select PERF MENU
— Select FUEL MANAGEMENT
— Select PREDICTED performance mode
30 AUG 10
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4a-34 Normal Procedures <-200>
Normal Checklists
• PERF INIT
On PERF INIT page 1:
— Insert cruise altitude to destination
— Confirm BOW with release
— Enter actual fuel onboard On PERF INIT page 2:
— Enter the average wind component from the release into Climb, Cruise and Descent
— Enter the ISA deviation using the following chart:
Example
ATIS temp = 18° C Airport elevation = 1000’ MSL Standard ISA (from chart) = 13.0° C
Current temp is 5° above ISA (or ISA +5)
— Once the aircraft has completed the DP and is en route, go to PERF INIT page 2 and delete the ISA deviation value.
• VNAV
On VNAV page 1:
— Enter TGT SPEED of 290/.70-.74 or cost indexing speed
— Confirm SPD/ALT LIMIT 250/10000 and TRANS ALT 18000 On VNAV page 2:
— Enter TGT SPEED of 290/.74 or cost indexing speed On VNAV page 3:
— Enter TGT SPEED of .74/290 or cost indexing speed
— Confirm SPEED/ALT LIMIT of 250/10000 and TRANS FL of FL180
— EXEC after verification
Airport Elevation Standard ISA °C
0’ 15.0
1000’ 13.0
2000’ 11.1
3000’ 9.1
4000’ 7.1
5000’ 5.1
6000’ 3.1
7000’ 1.1
8000’ -0.8
30 AUG 10
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Normal Procedures <-200> 4a-35 Normal Checklists
PSA Airlines, Inc.
CRJ Pilot Operating Handbook The Captain will ensure that the ATIS and ATC clearance have been reviewed, the PFDs and RTUs have been set, and the FMS flight plan has been reviewed.
Example ATIS, Clearance, RTU, FMS, and PFD Review.
“The ATIS is CHARLEY, wind is 200° at 5 knots, visibility is ¼ mile in heavy rain, ceiling 200’ overcast, temperature 8°, dewpoint 7°, altimeter 29.75. Runways 18L/C/R are in use, 18C RVR is 1200. We are cleared to PIT via the JACAL FIVE Departure NALEY transition, as filed. Squawk 5432 is set. RTU #1 is set to North Ramp and Outbound Ramp, Nav is Autotune. RTU #2 is set to OPS and Departure, Nav is autotune. The FMS has been reviewed (if the FMS route has not been reviewed, BOTH pilots will review it at this point). Both PFDs are set, speed bug 200 knots, Left NAV source is FMS, Right source is FMS, heading 183, flap retraction altitude 1,750’, initial altitude 8,000’, flight director coupled left. Any questions?”
The crew will then complete the DEPARTURE BRIEFING as detailed in the Before Start Check (Expanded).
After the departure setup is complete and the aircraft has been fueled, the Captain will call for the “Before Start Check.”
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Note•
The Captain will not call for the Before Start Check until the fueling is complete.
Before Start Flow (C & FO).
After the Captain calls “Before Start Checklist”
Accomplish the Before Start Checklist (to the line)
Captain (C) First Officer (FO)
Crew O2 & masks... Checked Nosewheel Steering ... OFF LH & RH WSHLD Switches... AS REQ’D With OAT in excess of 25°C, the Windshield Heat should remain OFF until the Before Takeoff Check.
Crew O2 & masks...Checked Pressurization...Set Set the destination elevation on the status page using the LDG ELEV knob on the CABIN PRESS control panel.
Passenger Signs ...ON SEAT BELTS White Status message will be displayed on ED2.
9 MAY 11
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4a-36 Normal Procedures <-200>
Normal Checklists Before Start Check (Expanded).
• Verify that the maintenance logbook and all other required documents are onboard
• Check EICAS for oxygen pressure. Oxygen supply for crew must comply with minimum requirements in the table below.
Oxygen Mask Test.
Oxygen Mask Regulator Storage Compartment
Oxygen mask regulator flow selector... 100%
PRESS TO TEST...Push and hold down for entire test
• Listen for oxygen flow
• Verify that the yellow cross located on the compartment door appears and then disappears as flow sound decreases Harness inflation plates (red)... Squeeze
• Verify that the yellow cross (oxygen flowing, harness inflated) appears and then disappears as flow sound decreases Harness inflation plates (red)... Release Emergency flow control ...Push
• Verify that the yellow cross (oxygen flowing) is visible
Emergency flow control ... Release
• Verify that the yellow cross appears and then disappears as flow sound decreases
PRESS TO TEST... Release Audio Control Panel (ACP)
INT SVC speaker switch ... Select ON BOOM/MASK switch ... MASK SPKR switch... Select ON I/C-R/T switch ... I/C PRESS TO TEST...Push and release
• Verify mask mic operation by oxygen flowing sound over speaker
I/C-R/T switch ... OFF SPKR switch... As Required
LOGBOOK/REQ’D DOCS VERIFY ONBOARD
Crew O2 & Masks VERIFY Checked/__psi
OAT °C -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
°F -4 14 32 50 68 86 104 122
Min. Bottle Pressure (psi) 3 Crewmembers 1410 1431 1505 1579 1654 1728 1802 1877
2 Crewmembers 1410
30 AUG 10
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Normal Procedures <-200> 4a-37 Normal Checklists
PSA Airlines, Inc.
CRJ Pilot Operating Handbook
•
Note•
This test is required prior to each flight. If possible, it may be completed prior to performing the Before Start Check for passenger boarding safety concerns.
Anti-Skid Test.
Parking Brake...OFF ANTI-SKID TEST switch ...Hold at TEST Verify the following:
• Both master cautions, single chime And the following Amber Caution messages:
• A/SKID OUTBD
• A/SKID INBD
ANTI-SKID TEST switch ...Release The Amber Caution messages disappear after approximately 6 seconds.
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Note•
This test will be performed while holding toe pressure on the brake pedals. Wait for the A/SKID INBD and A/SKID OUTBD Amber Caution messages to disappear before selecting the parking brake ON.
Parking Brake... ON
• Confirm that the parking brake is set and that the PARKING BRAKE ON Green Advisory message is displayed
• Confirm that the quantity is balanced and corresponds with the Ramp Fuel on the dispatch release. The aircraft may be over- or under-fueled by 300 lbs. (but in no case may the aircraft be under-fueled below MIN T/O FUEL plus TAXI FUEL), as long as it is reflected in the Weight & Balance. If this is exceeded, an update to the release must be obtained by notifying the dispatcher via phone, radio, or ACARS (with a subsequent acknowledgement), or a new release must be obtained.
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Note•
The center tank fuel limitation (500 lbs. max in the center tank with <4400 lbs. in each wing tank) ONLY applies for takeoff. Starting engines at the gate will start the fuel transfer process to correct the imbalance.
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Note•
When referencing fuel quantities, pilots may omit the last 2 digits of the fuel quantity (i.e., if the ramp fuel load is 12,386, pilots can state the required quantity as 12.3 or 12,300).
• The Captain sets left and standby altimeters and the First Officer sets the right altimeter
• Ensure that all three altimeters are within 75 ft. of published field elevation. Also ensure that the Captain’s and First Officer’s altimeters are within 50 ft. of each other (RVSM requirements)
Anti-Skid Test [C] Complete
Parking Brake [C] Set/Checked
Fuel Qty. VERIFY __ Req’d, __ OB
Altimeters VERIFY __.__ Set/Chkd
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4a-38 Normal Procedures <-200>
Normal Checklists
Ensure that the FMS and ACARS initialization is complete. Ensure that the ATIS, Clearance, FMS, RTUs, and PFDs are set up as prescribed in the Departure Setup section of this chapter.
Review the cleared departure with emphasis on the following:
• Planned Route of Taxi:
Both pilots will review the expected taxi route, hot spots, any airport construction, and applicable NOTAMS for taxiway closures. Both pilots will confirm all taxi instructions, especially hold short clearances. When crossing an active runway each pilot shall confirm the runway is clear and there is clearance to cross. Vigilance shall be used when the first officer is performing “Heads Down” tasks such as checklist and FMS inputs.
• Planned departure runway
• Cleared SID or departure procedure
• Engine Failure Procedure
• Take off Alternate or procedure for returning to the field
• Specials (i.e. anti-ice usage, ignition usage, terrain, thunderstorms, abnormal bleed setup, unique airport advisory information, etc.)
Example Departure Briefing.
“We are planning to depart Runway 18C, JACAL FIVE, NALEY transition. Planned taxi route from gate E18 to runway 18R is via the north ramp to the main ramp spot 2, then via Taxiway Echo to 18C. The JACAL FIVE SID is a RNAV departure. We will fly in NAV (FMS) mode and use of the flight director is required, climb and maintain 8,000 feet. We will not exceed 280 knots until advised by ATC. The Engine Failure Procedure is to fly a direct track on a 183 heading. Our takeoff alternate is KGSO. We will use Cowl Anti-ice for taxi and Wing and Cowl Anti-ice for takeoff. We will also use Continuous ignition on takeoff. Any questions?”
---If ACARS is INOP / unavailable, ensure weight and balance paperwork is completed and handed to a gate agent prior to calling “below the line.”
Departure Briefing [PF] Complete
9 MAY 11
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Normal Procedures <-200> 4a-39 Normal Checklists
PSA Airlines, Inc.
CRJ Pilot Operating Handbook Before Start Flow (below the line) (C).
Trigger. When issued pushback clearance or clearance to start engine(s).
Captain (C)
R BOOST PUMP switchlight...ON Confirm the following Green Advisory message:
• R FUEL PUMP ON
If both engines are required, also select the L BOOST PUMP switchlight ON.
HYD PUMP switches 1B and 2B... AUTO HYD PUMP switch 3A and 3B...ON Doors ... Closed/Locked
• Check that no red or amber EICAS door messages are displayed.
• Check that the crew escape hatch is secure, the locked marks are aligned, and the handle is stowed
• Confirm that the flight deck entry door is closed and locked
The keyed deadbolt on the cockpit door is approved for ground operations only.
Beacon ...ON Ignition A or B switchlight... ARM
• Use ignition A on odd days, use ignition B on even days L & R PACK switchlights... OFF
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4a-40 Normal Procedures <-200>
Normal Checklists Before Start Check (below the line) (C and FO).
• The First Officer checks the EICAS messages to ensure that all displayed messages are normal for the current operational configuration of the aircraft, then states “Verify Checked.” The Captain also makes a final scan of the EICAS messages and states “Checked.”
Pushback Procedures.
Pushback will not commence prior to the completion of the Before Start Check. For pushback procedures, refer to the FOM.
Engine Start Procedures.
The Captain will perform the engine start with the parking brake set. If the aircraft parking brake is not set, the Captain will direct the First Officer to perform the engine start. Engine starts will be accomplished when cleared by ground personnel during pushback or with the parking brake set. However, certain airports throughout our system have specific pushback procedures that must be followed. This information may be found in the station bulletins.
The engine(s) will be started after obtaining a start signal from the marshaller.
On the FFD, the fuel check valve check must be performed prior to starting the right engine. Reference the After Start Check (Expanded) for the procedure.
The same procedures are used for the left engine start as were used for the right engine start.
Engine Starts.
• The right engine is normally started first
— L or R ENG START switchlight...Press and hold until the following messages are verified:
• IGNITION A or B Green Advisory message
• L or R ENGINE START White Status message
•
Note•
Start the chronometer when the L or R ENGINE START White Status message appears.
The following engine instrument verification is required by the pilot performing the engine start (silent).
— N2...Verify increasing
— Oil Pressure ...Verify increasing
— N1...Verify increasing
— ITT... Verify below 120°C
— N2 20%...L or R thrust lever to IDLE
— Fuel Flow ...Verify increasing
— Light Off...Verify increase in ITT
— N 55%...Verify L or R ENG START
CAS VERIFY Checked
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Normal Procedures <-200> 4a-41 Normal Checklists
PSA Airlines, Inc.
CRJ Pilot Operating Handbook Engine Starts, Other Than Normal.
Accomplish the following procedures IAW the Supplemental Chapter of this POH or the Supplement Checklist (As Required).
• External Air
• Cross Bleed
• Battery/External Air Hot Start.
During an engine start, the HOT icon (ITT gauge) appears when ITT rapidly increases at 200°C per second. Should the HOT icon appear, immediately move the thrust lever to SHUT OFF and turn the ignition off.
Continue to motor the engine until ITT decreases below 120°C, respecting starter engagement time limit. If the hot start occurs after a starter cutout (55% N2), re-engagement of the starter motor will be required.
Refer to the Limitations Chapter of this POH for engine starter limitations.
A hot start can occur without the HOT icon. Monitor ITT closely during start to avoid an over temperature (900°C maximum).
Always be vigilant of the peak ITT.
In addition to the hot start abnormal, a start sequence will also be aborted for any of the following abnormalities:
• Hung start (N2 stagnation prior to engine stabilization)
• No light off (no rise in ITT)
• No N1 rotation (Do not introduce fuel until N1 rotation is verified)
• No fuel flow
• No IGNITION A or B Green Advisory message
• No oil pressure indication by the time idle N2 RPM is achieved
If the start is aborted, the pilot starting the engine will announce that he is aborting the start and will state the reason that the start was aborted.
The following actions will be accomplished immediately before referencing the QRH:
1. Affected engine, thrust lever... SHUTOFF 2. Ignition...OFF 3. Dry motor...As Required Starter Fails to Cutout.
It is imperative that starter cutout be observed at 55% N2. The NO STARTER CUTOUT Amber Caution message appears if the starter does not cutout. The resultant high speed of the starter turbine could cause mechanical damage.
Pressing the applicable ENG STOP switchlight should be all that is required to close the start valve and stop airflow to the air turbine starter (ATS).
On the ground, should the ENG STOP action not resolve the problem, you must shutdown the engine and turn off the air source (APU, external air or other engine bleed).
Caution
During an engine start using external air, coordination with ground personnel will be required to shut off the external air source during a NO STARTER CUTOUT Amber Caution message condition.
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4a-42 Normal Procedures <-200>
Normal Checklists