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3. Un modelo de mercado con demanda end´ ogena

3.6. Estructuras industriales inducidas por la demanda

Phasianidae Wild Turkey Meleagris gallopavo X Fairly common in all seasons forested and partially forested habitats

Odontophoridae Northern Bobwhite Colinus virginianus X Fairly common in all seasons in early successional habitats

farms, along woodland edges, recently cut-over forest land, and in open country habitats

dominated by old fields

Gaciidae Common Loon Gavia immer Common in winter and occasional in summer large lakes

Podicipedidae Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps X Fairly common in spring, winter, and fall lakes and marshy ponds

Phalacrocoracidae Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus X Fairly common in fall, winter, and spring and uncommon in summer larger lakes, ponds, and rivers

Family Ardeidae Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias X Common in all seasons shallow water of ponds, lakes, and rivers

Family Ardeidae Great Egret Ardea alba X

Common to fairly common in spring, summer, but uncommon to rare in winter

shallow water of ponds, lakes, and rivers

Family Ardeidae Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea X Rare to uncommon in spring to mid- summer, but fairly common in late summer and early fall

shallow water of ponds, lakes, and rivers

Family Ardeidae Green Heron Butorides virescens X Common in spring, summer, and fall, but rare in winter edge of ponds, lakes, and rivers Family

Cathartidae Black Vulture Coragyps atratus X Common throughout year agricultural and livestock areas

Family

Cathartidae Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura X Common in all seasons and regions wooded as well as open areas

Family

Accipitridae Osprey Pandion haliaetus X Fairly common in spring and fall, and uncommon in summer large lakes and rivers

Family

Accipitridae Bald Eagle leucocephalus Haliaeetus X

Fairly common in winter and uncommon in spring, summer, and

fall large lakes and rivers

Family

Accipitridae Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus Fairly common in winter, spring, and fall in and over old fields, marshes, meadows, and grasslands Family

Accipitradae Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus X Fairly common in fall and winter, spring, and uncommon in summer

mixed coniferous-deciduous forests, open woodlands, and wooded suburbs

FAMILY COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PROJECT AREA BREEDS IN SEASONALITY ABUNDANCE/ HABITAT

Family

Accipitradae Cooper's Hawk Accipiter cooperii X Fairly common in fall,winter, and spring, and rare in summer

mixed coniferous-deciduous forests, open woodlands, and wooded suburbs

Family

Accipitradae Red-shouldered Hawk Buteo lineatus X Fairly common in all seasons moist woodlands and swamps

Family

Accipitradae Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus X Common in spring, summer, and fall but rare in winter

deciduous woodlands; during migration can be seen overhead of any habitat type

Family

Accipitradae Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis X

Common winter and fairly common in spring, summer, and

fall open country and woodland edges

Family

Falconidae American Kestrel Falco sparverius X

Common in winter, fairly common in spring and fall, but rare in summer

open fields and woodland edges.

Gruiformes American Coot Fulica Americana X Common in winter, common to uncommon in spring and fall, and

rare in summer rivers, ponds, lakes, and swamps

Family

Charadriidae American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica Fairly common in spring and uncommon to rare in fall

short grasslands, flooded fields and on mudflats of lakes, ponds, and rivers

Family

Charadriidae Semipalmated Plover semipalmatus Charadrius Fairly common in spring and fall, and occasional in early winter mudflats of lakes, ponds, and rivers Family

Charadriidae Killdeer Charadrius vociferous X Common in all seasons

short-grass fields, and mudflats and shorelines of lakes, ponds, and rivers

Family

Scolopacidae Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca

Fairly common in spring and fall, but uncommon in winter and late summer

along shorelines of shallow ponds and lakes, marsh edges, in flooded fields, and on mudflats

Family

Scolopacidae Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes

Common in spring and fall, rare in winter, uncommon to rare in summer

along shorelines of shallow ponds and lakes, marsh edges, in flooded fields and on mudflats

Family

Scolopacidae Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius X

Common in spring, late summer and fall, but rare in winter

along pond and lake margins, stream banks, and on mudflats Family

Scolopacidae Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria Common in spring, late summer, and fall along lake borders, stream banks, ponds, and marsh edges Family

FAMILY COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PROJECT AREA BREEDS IN SEASONALITY ABUNDANCE/ HABITAT

Family

Scolopacidae Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla

Common in spring, fairly common in fall, uncommon in winter and late summer, and occasional in early summer

on mudflats, and along pond edges and lakeshores Family

Scolopacidae Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos Common in spring and fall, and uncommon in late summer

wet meadows, flooded fields, on mudflats, and along shores of ponds, pools, and lakes Family

Scolopacidae Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago Common in winter, spring, and fall marshes and wet grassy areas

Family

Scolopacidae American Woodcock Scolopax minor X

Fairly common in fall and winter, and occasional in spring

moist shrubby woods,

floodplains, thickets, and at edges of swamps

Family Laridae Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis Fairly common in winter, spring and fall, and occasional

in summer rivers, lakes, irrigated and plowed fields, and garbage dumps

Family

Columbidae Rock Pigeon Columba livia Exotic X Common in all seasons in cities, and on farms, bridges, cliffs

Family

Columbidae Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto Exotic X Fairly common in all seasons and increasing suburbs, parks, and farm groves Family

Columbidae Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura X Common in all seasons

on farms, and in towns, woodlots, agricultural fields, and grasslands Family Cuculidae Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus X Common in spring, summer, and fall in woodlands, and on farmlands with scattered trees and orchards

Family Strigidae Eastern Screech-Owl Megascops asio X Common in all seasons in woodlands, especially near open areas

Family Strigidae Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus X Fairly common in all seasons in woodlands, parklands, and occasionally in wooded suburbs

Family Strigidae Barred Owl Strix varia X Common in all seasons in moist woodlands and wooded swamps

Family

Caprimulgidae Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor X Uncommon to locally common in spring, summer, and fall

in open and semi-open areas, grasslands, fields, cities, and towns

Family

Caprimulgidae Chuck-will's-widow Caprimulgus carolinensis X Common in spring, summer, and fall in deciduous and pine woodlands

Family

Caprimulgidae Whip-poor-will

Caprimulgus

vociferous X

Locally common in spring,

FAMILY COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PROJECT AREA BREEDS IN SEASONALITY ABUNDANCE/ HABITAT

Family Apodidae Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica X Common in spring, summer, and fall in open areas, especially around human habitations Family

Trochilidae Ruby-throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris X Common in spring, summer, and fall in woodlands, gardens, along forest edges, and at feeders

Alcedinidae Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon X Common in all seasons along wooded rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, and in marshes

Family Picidae Woodpecker Red-headed erythrocephalus Melanerpes X Locally common in spring, summer, and fall, but uncommon in winter

in open woods, especially those containing numerous snags

Family Picidae Woodpecker Red-bellied Melanerpes carolinus X Common in all seasons in woodlands

Family Picidae Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius Fairly common in winter, spring, and fall in mixed hardwood and conifer forests and urban areas Family Picidae Downy Woodpecker Picoides pubescens X Common in all seasons in woodlands, orchards, suburban areas, parks, and farm woodlots

Family Picidae Hairy Woodpecker Picoides villosus X Fairly common in all seasons in larger tracts of hardwood and mixed woodlands

Family Picidae Red-cockaded Woodpecker Picoides borealis X Rare and isolated in all seasons old growth pine with open mid-story

Family Picidae Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus X Fairly common in all seasons and regions open woodlands and fields, and on lawns and open meadows with large trees

Family Picidae Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus X Fairly common in all in mature woodlands with coniferous and hardwood trees

Family

Tyrannidae Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens X Common to fairly common in spring, summer, and fall in open woodlands, parks, and along forest edges Family

Tyrannidae Acadian Flycatcher Empidonax virescens X Common in spring, summer, and fall in moist deciduous woods, dense woodlands, and wooded swamps Family

Tyrannidae Eastern Phoebe Sayornis phoebe X Fairly common in all seasons in open deciduous woodlands near bridges, cliffs, and eaves

Family Tyrannidae

Great Crested

Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus X

Common in spring, summer, and fall

in woodlands, open country with scattered trees, and parks Family

Tyrannidae Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus X

Common in spring, summer, and fall

in open rural areas with scattered trees and shrubs, along woodland edges, and in agricultural fields with hedgerows, especially near ponds or rivers

FAMILY COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PROJECT AREA BREEDS IN SEASONALITY ABUNDANCE/ HABITAT

Family Laniidae Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus X Fairly common in winter, spring, and fall, and uncommon in summer

in open country with scattered trees and shrubs, and in hedgerows along agricultural fields

Family

Vireonidae White-eyed Vireo Vireo griseus X Common in spring, summer, and fall

in undergrowth, early successional fields, streamside thickets, and along woodland edges Family

Vireonidae Yellow-throated Vireo Vireo flavifrons X Common in spring, summer, and fall in tall, open woodlands, especially near water

Family

Vireonidae Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus X Common in spring, summer in deciduous woods, mixed forests, shade trees, and woodlots

Family Corvidae Blue Jay Cyanocitta cristata X Common in all seasons in forests, open woodlands, wooded residential areas, and

parks

Family Corvidae American Crow brachyrhynchos Corvus X Common in all in woodlands, farmlands, and suburban areas

Family Corvidae Fish Crow Corvus ossifragus X Fairly common to locally common in spring, summer, and fall and uncommon in winter

around swamplands, riverine areas, large lakes, urban and suburban areas, and farmlands Family

Hirundinidae Purple Martin Progne subis X Common in spring, summer, and early fall

in open rural and suburban areas and open farmlands, especially near water

Family

Hirundinidae Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor X

Common in fall, fairly common in spring, and rare in winter and summer

in open areas, and over ponds and lakes; nests in cavities in dead, standing timber and boxes Family

Hirundinidae Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis X Common in spring, summer, and fall

in open areas, fields, swamps, and over ponds and lakes; nests in burrows in road cuts and steep banks

Family

Hirundinidae Bank Swallow Riparia riparia X Fairly common in spring and fall, and occasional in summer in open habitats, especially near water Family

Hirundinidae Cliff Swallow

Petrochelidon

pyrrhonota X

Fairly common in spring, summer, and fall

in open habitats near water; nests on dams and bridges

Family

Hirundinidae Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica X Common in spring, summer, and fall in open habitats, under bridges and culverts, and in barns

Family Paridae Carolina Chickadee Poecile carolinensis X Common in all seasons in woodlands and wooded suburbs

FAMILY COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PROJECT AREA BREEDS IN SEASONALITY ABUNDANCE/ HABITAT

Family Sittidae Brown-headed Nuthatch Sitta pusilla X Locally common in all seasons in open pine forests

Family

Troglodytidae Carolina Wren ludovicianus Thryothorus X Common in all seasons in thickets in woodlands, farmlands, and suburbs

Family

Troglodytidae House Wren Troglodytes aedon X

Fairly common in fall, uncommon in spring, and rare in winter and summer

in farmlands, thickets, and suburban yards with dense hedgerows

Family

Troglodytidae Winter Wren

Troglodytes troglodytes

Fairly common in winter, spring, and fall

among fallen trees, vine tangles, and in ravines

Family Regulidae Golden-crowned Kinglet Regulus satrapa Common in winter, spring, and fall in woodlands, especially with conifers

Family Regulidae Ruby-crowned Kinglet Regulus calendula Common in winter, spring, and fall in woodlands

Family Sylviidae Blue-gray Gnatcatcher Polioptila caerulea X Common in spring, summer, and fall, and rare in winter in open woodlands, forest edges, and tree-lined fence rows

Family Turdidae Eastern Bluebird Sialia sialis X Common in all seasons

in open rural areas, farmlands, fence rows, open suburban areas, and parks with scattered trees

Family Turdidae Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus Fairly common in spring and fall in woodlands with dense undergrowth

Family Turdidae Hermit Thrush Catharus guttatus Common in winter, spring, and fall in woodlands with dense undergrowth

Family Turdidae Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina X Common in spring, summer, and fall in woodlands and wooded suburbs with understory

Family Turdidae American Robin Turdus migratorius X

Common in short grass areas with scattered trees in cities, towns, parks, suburbs, and rural areas in summer; primarily

in woodlands with soft mast in winter

Family Mimidae Gray Catbird carolinensis Dumetella X

Common in spring and fall, fairly common in summer, and rare in winter

in hedgerows, thickets, fence rows, and dense brushy vegetation bordering ponds and lakes Family Mimidae Northern Mockingbird Mimus polyglottos X Common in all seasons in rural, suburban, and urban areas in openings with short grass, scattered shrubs, and trees

Family Mimidae Brown Thrasher Toxostoma rufum X Common in all seasons in short ground cover vegetation near dense thickets, hedgerows,

FAMILY COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PROJECT AREA BREEDS IN SEASONALITY ABUNDANCE/ HABITAT

Family Sturnidae European Starling Sturnus vulgaris Exotic X Common in all seasons in urban, suburban, and rural areas with open ground for foraging Motacillidae American Pipit Anthus rubescens Fairly common in winter, and uncommon in spring and fall in open country, especially on plowed fields and mudflats

Family

Bombycillidae Cedar Waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum X

Common in winter, spring, and fall, and rare in summer

in areas with trees and shrubs that produce fruits, such as hackberry, mulberry, cedar, cherry, and holly Family Parulidae Blue-winged Warbler Vermivora pinus X Fairly common in fall, and uncommon in spring and summer

in abandoned fields or cut-over areas, usually near water, that have grown up with scattered saplings and dense ground cover; woodlands during migration

Family Parulidae Tennessee Warbler Vermivora peregrine Common in spring and fall in woodlands

Family Parulidae Northern Parula Parula Americana X Fairly common in spring, summer, and fall

in tall trees along streams, swamps, and lakes; woodlands during migration

Family Parulidae Yellow Warbler Dendroica petechia X Common in spring and fall, and rare in summer in small trees and shrubs near water Family Parulidae Chestnut-sided Warbler pensylvanica Dendroica X Common in fall, fairly common in spring, and rare in summer in woodlands

Family Parulidae Magnolia Warbler Dendroica magnolia Common in fall, fairly common in spring, and occasional in summer in woodlands

Family Parulidae Yellow-rumped Warbler Dendroica coronata Common in winter, spring, and fall in woodlands

Family Parulidae Black-throated Green Warbler Dendroica virens X Common in fall, fairly common in spring and summer, and occasional in winter

in coniferous and deciduous forests; in migration, found in woodlands

Family Parulidae Blackburnian Warbler Dendroica fusca Fairly common in spring and fall, and occasional in summer in woodlands Family Parulidae Yellow-throated Warbler Dendroica dominica X Fairly common in spring, summer, and fall, and occasional in winter

in older pine forests, and woodlands with sycamores, especially near water; in migration, found in woodlands

Family Parulidae Pine Warbler Dendroica pinus X Common in all seasons in mature pine woodlands

Family Parulidae Prairie Warbler Dendroica discolor X Common in spring, summer and fall, and occasional in winter in brushy early successional growth, particularly regenerating clearcuts

FAMILY COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PROJECT AREA BREEDS IN SEASONALITY ABUNDANCE/ HABITAT

Family Parulidae Palm Warbler Dendroica palmarum Common in spring, fairly common in fall, and rare in winter in open areas with scattered shrubs and trees

Family Parulidae Bay-breasted Warbler Dendroica castanea Fairly common in spring and fall in woodlands

Family Parulidae Blackpoll Warbler Dendroica striata Common in spring in woodlands

Family Parulidae Black-and-white Warbler Mniotilta varia X Common in spring, summer, and fall, and occasional in winter; in breeding season

found in hardwood and mixed hardwood-coniferous forests; in migration, found in woodlands Family Parulidae American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla X Common in spring, and rare to uncommon in summer

In breeding season, found in deciduous woods, especially riverine systems; in migration, found in woodlands

Family Parulidae Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria citrea X Common in spring, summer, and early fall in swamp and bottomland forests

Family Parulidae Swainson's Warbler Limnothlypis swainsonii X Fairly common in spring and summer, and uncommon to rare in fall

in dense thickets in swamps, along streams, and in woodland areas Family Parulidae Ovenbird Seiurus aurocapillus X Fairly common in spring and fall, and locally uncommon to rare in

summer

In breeding season, found in deciduous forests; in migration, found in woodlands, especially with dense understory

Family Parulidae Northern Waterthrush noveboracensis Seiurus Fairly common in spring and fall along shorelines of swamps, lakes, ponds, and streams Family Parulidae Louisiana Waterthrush Seiurus motacilla X Common in spring, summer, and early fall in older bottomland forests along streams Family Parulidae Kentucky Warbler Oporornis formosus X Fairly common in spring, summer, and fall in moist woodlands with dense herbaceous ground cover Family Parulidae Common Yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas X Common in spring, summer, and fall, and rare in winter along woodland edges, and in hedgerows, thickets, marshes, and

wet meadows

Family Parulidae Hooded Warbler Wilsonia citrine X Common in spring, summer, and fall

In breeding season, found in shrubby forests; in migration, found in woodlands, especially in understory

FAMILY COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PROJECT AREA BREEDS IN SEASONALITY ABUNDANCE/ HABITAT

Family

Thraupidae Summer Tanager Piranga rubra X Common in spring, summer, and fall, and occasional in winter

In breeding season, found in open, mixed hardwood-coniferous forests and along forest edges Family

Thraupidae Scarlet Tanager Piranga olivacea X

Fairly common in spring, summer, and fall

In breeding season, found in hardwood forests; in migration, found in woodlands

Family

Emberizidae Eastern Towhee

Pipilo

erythrophthalmus X

Common in all seasons and regions

in brushy woodlands and early successional growth

Family

Emberizidae Chipping Sparrow Spizella passerine X Common in all seasons in open areas with short grass and scattered trees, especially conifers