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Los planes de estudio para la formación de Licenciados en Educación Preescolar Este apartado se aborda desde dos sistemas que tienen un origen común y un desarrollo

Capítulo 1. Competencias Docentes

4.2. Formación Docente en América

4.2.5 Educación Normal en México

4.2.5.1 Los planes de estudio para la formación de Licenciados en Educación Preescolar Este apartado se aborda desde dos sistemas que tienen un origen común y un desarrollo

CCWD is a signatory to the CUWCC MOU and views conservation as an integral part of its water resources stewardship responsibility. As described in its 2010 UWMP, CCWD began implementing conservation BMPs, including leak detection and repair, 100 percent metered service, metered rates, public information programs, water waste prohibitions, and others, prior to signing the MOU. Current and planned implementation efforts for the fourteen CUWCC BMPs are described in CCWD’s UWMP and briefly summarized in the following sections. CCWD has found that BMPs 1, 2, 5, 6, 9, and 14 are not locally cost-effective; it has therefore submitted exemption reports to the CUWCC for the 2008 to 2010 reporting period. Should funding be made available and these BMPs be implemented, additional water savings could be achieved.

1. Water Survey Programs for Single-Family Residential and Multi-Family Residential Customers

CCWD offers on-site surveys to customers upon request and monitors customer usage through metering. When customers with unusually high usage are identified, CCWD alerts these customers to the possibility of a water leak. If requested, a field service representative will visit the customer to perform a water usage analysis at no cost to the customer. Even though CCWD implements this BMP, it filed a cost exemption with CUWCC since implementing the BMP to CUWCC coverage is not cost effective. Based on the exemption report, CCWD assumes a 15 percent savings per customer per water survey which would result in 68 gpd per single family unit and 40 gpd per multi-family unit per survey conducted.

Current Program: While CCWD was implementing BMP 1 in 2010, due to the lack of data, it is assumed there was a 0 AFY water savings. Assuming that this level of 2010 implementation was maintained in 2040, there would be no conservation savings associated with this BMP in 2040.

Expanded (Double) Program: In the cost exemption report, CCWD assumed 180 single family surveys would be completed and 6 multi-family surveys would be completed (~1.5 percent of its customers), resulting in a water savings of 14 AFY. This is the value of water savings that could have been saved in 2010 with the implementation of an expanded program. If CCWD completed the same percentage of surveys for its single family and multi-family customers in 2040, it would conduct 379 single family surveys and 33 multi- family surveys, resulting in a cost savings of 30.3 AFY.

Expanded (Quadruple) Program: If CCWD doubled its expanded program in 2040, it would conduct 758 single family surveys and 60 multi-family surveys (multi-family surveys are capped at 60, as there are only 60 multi-family connections projected within the CCWD service area in 2040). This would result in a savings of 60.4 AFY in 2040.

In summary, the following water savings could be achieved:

 BMP 1, 2010 Water Savings Based on UWMP: 0 AFY

 BMP 1, 2040 Water Savings if Current Implementation Level is Maintained: 0 AFY

 BMP 1, 2040 Savings if Expanded (Double): 30.3 AFY

 BMP 1, 2040 Savings if Expanded (Quadruple): 60.4 AFY

2. Residential Plumbing Retrofit

CCWD offers “Living Wise” water conservation kits to all customers, free of charge. The kits include a low flow showerhead, low flow kitchen sink nozzle, bathroom faucet hot water saver fixture, a hot water temperature indicator gauge and a water use/energy cost calculation card and guide.

Current Program: Similar to BMP 1, although CCWD implements this BMP, it filed a cost exemption with CUWCC since implementation per the CUWCC annual implementation target would not be cost effective. CCWD will continue to make these kits available to customers upon request, but it could only expand the program with additional funding. Due to the lack of data, it is assumed there was a water savings of 0 AFY in 2010. Assuming that this level of 2010 implementation was maintained in 2040, there would be no conservation savings associated with this BMP in 2040.

Expanded (Double) Program: Based on the exemption report, CCWD assumes a 10 percent savings per customer per retrofit. This equates to a water savings of 45 gpd per single family retrofit and 30 gpd per multi-family retrofit. In its cost exemption report, CCWD assumes it could reach 4.9 percent of its single family customers and 63.6 percent of its multi-family customers. Assuming these implementation rates in 2040, CCWD would distribute 1,236 kits to single family customers and 38 kits to multi-family customers, resulting in a water savings of 63.6 AFY.

Expanded (Quadruple) Program: If CCWD doubled its expanded program in 2040, it would reach 9.8 percent of its single family customers and 100 percent of its multi-family customers, CCWD would distribute 2,471 kits to single family customers and all 60 of its multi-family customers, saving 126.6 AFY.

In summary, the following water savings could be achieved:

 BMP 2, 2010 Water Savings Based on UWMP: 0 AFY

 BMP 2, 2040 Water Savings if Current Implementation Level is Maintained: 0 AFY

 BMP 2, 2040 Savings if Expanded (Double): 63.6 AFY

B-11

3. System Water Audits, Leak Detection and Repair

CCWD operations staff performs regular inspection and maintenance of water distribution systems as part of its leak detection and repair program. CCWD regularly tracks water loss in the system and attempts to repair leaks when funding is available. This BMP is fully implemented and ongoing. Leak detection and repair is a major element of CCWD’s operations and maintenance budget. The amount spent each year, and water saved each year, depends on the extent of repair and replacement projects planned. Water savings have not been quantified since detailed information on CCWD leaks before and after BMP implementation is not available.

4. Metering with Commodity Rates for All New Connections and Retrofit of Existing Connections

CCWD meters all connection in its service area and bill bi-monthly using base rates plus volumetric charges. This BMP is fully implemented.

5. Large Landscape Conservation Programs and Incentives

Current Program: CCWD filed a cost exemption with CUWCC for this BMP since it determined implementation per the CUWCC annual implementation target would not be cost effective. Based on the cost exemption report, it has implemented 0 ETo-based water budgets, therefore, there was a 0 AFY cost savings in 2010. Assuming that this level of 2010 implementation was maintained in 2040, there would be no conservation savings associated with this BMP in 2040.

Expanded (Double) Program: If funding were available, CCWD could expand upon this program. Based on the exemption report, CCWD assumes a 15 percent water savings per year per customer receiving a budget or 0.35 AF/site for customers receiving an ETo-based landscape water budget. CCWD has approximately 100 metered connections dedicated for landscape in 2010. Based on the cost exemption report, CCWD assumed it would begin with 5 budgets per year (~5 percent of its dedicated landscape meters). In 2040, CCWD is projected to have 150 landscape customers. If it implemented budgets for the same percentage of customers in 2040 (5 percent), it would create 8 budgets and save 2.8 AFY. Expanded (Quadruple) Program: If CCWD doubled its expanded program and created water budgets for 10 landscape customers (10 percent) in 2040, it would create 15 budgets and save 5.3 AFY.

In summary, the following water savings could be achieved:

 BMP 5, 2010 Water Savings Based on UWMP: 0 AFY

 BMP 5, 2040 Water Savings if Current Implementation Level is Maintained: 0 AFY

 BMP 5, 2040 Savings if Expanded: 2.8 AFY

6. High-Efficiency Clothes Washing Machine Financial Incentive Programs

Current Program: This BMP was determined to not be cost effective, so it is not planned for implementation by CCWD. CCWD submitted an exemption report to CUWCC, therefore it assumed in 2010 there was a 0 AFY cost savings. Assuming that this level of 2010 implementation was maintained in 2040, there would be no conservation savings associated with this BMP in 2040.

Expanded (Double) Program: Based on the exemption report, CCWD estimates 5,250 gallons per year could be saved with the replacement of one high-efficiency clothes washer. CCWD’s exemption report cites that it could provide rebates to 0.8 percent of the population. If CCWD provided rebates to 0.8 percent of its single family and multi-family population in 2040, it would distribute 203 rebates, resulting in a water savings of 3.3 AFY. Expanded (Quadruple) Program: If CCWD doubled its expanded program in 2040, it would provide rebates to 1.6 percent of its single family and multi-family customers. This would result in 405 rebates and a savings of 6.5 AFY.

In summary, the following water savings could be achieved:

 BMP 6, 2010 Water Savings Based on UWMP: 0 AFY

 BMP 6, 2040 Water Savings if Current Implementation Level is Maintained: 0 AFY

 BMP 6, 2040 Savings if Expanded (Double): 3.3 AFY

 BMP 6, 2040 Savings if Expanded (Quadruple): 6.5 AFY

7. Public Information Programs

CCWD implements a public information program consisting of brochures and handouts, water conservation kits, public informational meetings, and other events. It also continuously updates its website which contains conservation tips and FAQs. CCWD has and will continue to implement this BMP. CUWCC has not identified a method for quantifying water savings from this BMP.

8. School Education Programs

CCWD has and will continue to implement various school education programs in its service area. For example, in January of every year, CCWD sponsors water awareness program to third graders in each of Calaveras County’s ten schools, followed by a “Be a Water Saver” poster contest for the students. There is no method available from the CUWCC to quantify water savings from this BMP.

9. Conservation Programs for Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional Accounts

Current Program: CCWD implements an informal program for CII accounts by completing on-site water surveys upon request. It submitted a cost exemption report to CUWCC since it is not cost effective. If funding were available, it could expand upon its existing efforts for this BMP. Due to the lack of data, it is assumed there was a cost savings of 0 AFY in 2010.

B-13 Assuming that this level of 2010 implementation was maintained in 2040, there would be no conservation savings associated with this BMP in 2040.

Expanded (Double) Program: Based on the exemption report it assumes 200 gpd could be saved from one survey. If CCWD expanded BMP 9 in 2040 to the estimates indicated in the cost exemption report, it would conduct approximately 6 surveys per year (1 percent of CII customers), resulting in a cost savings of 1.3 AFY.

Expanded (Quadruple) Program: If CCWD doubled its expanded program in 2040, it would conduct surveys for 2 percent of CII accounts. This would result in 13 surveys and a savings of 2.9 AFY.

In summary, the following water savings could be achieved:

 BMP 9, 2010 Water Savings Based on UWMP: 0 AFY

 BMP 9, 2040 Water Savings if Current Implementation Level is Maintained: 0 AFY

 BMP 9, 2040 Savings if Expanded (Double): 1.3 AFY

 BMP 9, 2040 Savings if Expanded (Quadruple): 2.9 AFY

10. Wholesale Agency Assistance Programs

CCWD is not a wholesale water supplier; therefore this BMP is not applicable. CCWD provided supplemental water to three private water companies that serve a total of 2,200 connections. It provides public information handouts and kits for distribution to the companies’ customers.

11. Retail Conservation Pricing

As described in BMP 4, CCWD meters all of its customers and uses a rate structure that includes a base rate and consumption charge. This BMP is fully implemented.

12. Conservation Coordinator

CCWD designated a Conservation Coordinator in 2005 and has outlined specific duties for them to fulfill. CUWCC has not identified a method to quantify water savings from this BMP.

13. Water Waste Prohibition

Article II, Section 16 of the CCWD Board Policy prohibits water waste. It also adopted Ordinance 2010-02, which updated the ordinance preventing water waste in July 2010. CUWCC has not identified a method to quantify water savings from this BMP.

14. Residential Ultra-Low-Flow Toilet Replacement Programs

Current Program: This BMP is not cost effective for CCWD, so an exemption report was submitted to CUWCC. For the purposes of this analysis, it is assumed there was a 0 AFY water savings in 2010. Assuming that this level of 2010 implementation was maintained in 2040, there would be no conservation savings associated with this BMP in 2040.

Expanded (Double) Program: Should funding be available, CCWD could provide rebates to customers to encourage installation of low flow toilets (CCWD 2011). Based on the exemption report CCWD assumes installation of an ULFT would save 21.3 gpd in a single- family home and 51.1 gpd in a multi-family home. If, in 2010, CCWD expanded implementation of BMP 14 to the level indicated in its cost exemption report, it would distribute 1,200 ULFT rebates to single family customers. This assumes there were approximately 12,000 single family connections, 50% of which were pre-1992 and required toilet replacements (i.e. 6,000). It assumed 10% of the single family homes would receive 2 rebates each, for 2 toilets in their homes, resulting in 1,200 rebates distributed per year. If CCWD distributed 1,200 ULFT rebates every year, it would have fully implemented this BMP (by providing rebates to the 6,000 pre-1992 homes) by 2020. The potential savings associated with full implementation of this program us 1,283.7 AFY.

Expanded (Quadruple) Program: Because the program would already be fully implemented under the expanded (double) program, no additional savings is associated with this BMP. In summary, the following water savings could be achieved:

 BMP 14, 2010 Water Savings Based on UWMP: 0 AFY

 BMP 14, 2040 Water Savings if Current Implementation Level is Maintained: 0 AFY

 BMP 14, 2040 Savings if Expanded (Double): 1,283.7 AFY

 BMP 14, 2040 Savings if Expanded (Quadruple): 1,283.7 AFY

Maximum Theoretical Expanded Program (85 gpcd)

In 2020, CCWD anticipates reaching a gpcd of 172. Assuming this gpcd in 2040, CCWD would use 10,096.4 AFY in 2040, with an estimated 2040 population of 52,369. If CCWD were to achieve 85 gpcd in 2040, it would use 4,989.5 AFY in2040. This results in a maximum theoretical savings of 5,106.9 AFY.

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