before developing the Sub Terminal Market. It is also very necessary to know the various crops cultivated in the hinterland of market. The present marketing practices of the farmers, their mode of transportation, generally the distance farmers travel to sell their produce, problems faced at the existing market yards, opinion of the farmers to use the proposed terminal market and lastly the convenient location of the newly proposed market are to be considered.
A survey was conducted by contacting the farmers of all the surrounding villages of Salamatpur. The survey team visited the sample villages and elicited information from
DANISH JAVED & ASSICIATES Page 41 the farmers. A schedule was designed for this purpose and pilot study was conducted. Based on the pilot study the schedule was redesigned.
The major stakeholders of the market are farmers, traders and exporters/ processors. It is very essential to know the opinion of all these above stakeholders of the market regarding quantum of arrivals coming to market, their views about proposed terminal market, their willingness to make use of the market once it is ready for operation and most important of all, which is the most convenient site for the development for planning and designing of the proposed new terminal market. With the main object of knowing the views of the major stakeholders a sample size of ten local traders, five traders who are dealing with outside markets was considered. A total of 30 local traders and 15 traders dealing with the outside the market was taken up. Similarly, the
research investigators interviewed 10 farmers from each block of Raisen. With regard to the staff 3 officials of Salamatpur markets were interviewed to know their opinion.
The data collected by the research investigators has been analyzed and the results are presented in the following paragraphs.
Sl.No Particulars Numbers Percentage Pie Diagram shows the occupational division in the district:
01. Agriculturists 114655 35.0 02 Agricultural Labourers 110713 33.8 03. Marginal workers 33178 10.2 04. Others 46590 14.2
About 70% of the working population of 26% of the total population totally engaged in agricultural activities. More pressure on land and agricultural creates more disguised and seasonal unemployment. As a result of unemployment and under employment, per capita income of the people are low and the standard of living remains unchanged for
DANISH JAVED & ASSICIATES Page 42 several decades. The occupational pattern should be changed and the people should come forward to involve in other income earning activities. Family industries and other traditional industries are vanishing in rural areas, that is also one the reasons for increasing unemployment. The above-cited table clearly indicates that the agricultural activities are the only means of livelihood in the rural areas. In Raisen Tehsil, being the district head quarter, other workers are considerably more compare to other Tehsils. Industrial activities in the district ise limited and industrial activities are concentrated in Mandideep Industrial Growth Centre of Goharganj Tehsil.
Agricultural is the main occupation of the district. About 70% of the working populations are engaged in crop growing activities. Agricultural activities are carried out in two seasons namely rainy season (Kharif) and winter seasons(Rab). It has been observed that the tools and implements used by the farmers of the district are comparatively few in numbers, smaller in size, crude and antiquated in character. The ploughing is done iron-shod wooden plough with the help of pair of Bullocks/Buffaloes and Tractors, This type of indigenous plough does not penetrate deeply into the soil and widely enough. Use of chemical fertilizers is widely reported in the district.
Farmers having a holding size up to five acres are marketing 20 % of their fruits in the domestic market and selling 80 % through outside market. Whereas big farmers having an area above 5 acres are marketing 10% of their fruits in domestic market and
remaining in outside markets. The farmers having larger holdings are selling 80% of vegetables in domestic markets and are sending 20% production for sale out side markets. It is very important to note that big farmers are selling only 10 to 20 % fruits in local markets and are dispatching 80 to 90 % fruits to outside markets for sale. The survey clearly reveals that big farmers having larger holdings have developed contacts with other markets and are dispatching fruits and small quantities of vegetables to outside markets. The marketing of fruits in the local market by big farmers is only 10 to 20 %. This fact indicates that grapes, pomegranates and onion could be dispatched to outside state markets directly from collection centers. The fruits and vegetables
DANISH JAVED & ASSICIATES Page 43 instead it could directly be dispatched to the consumer market. This enables to reduce our unnecessary transportation cost.
Small farmers having the holding size up to 5 acres travel a distance up to 20 Kms. to market their produce. Whereas 43 % of farmers having a holding size of 5 to 10 acres travel a distance up to 100 Kms. to reach the market place. The distance traveled by 26 % of farmers having a holding size of more than 10 acres is even up to 300 Kms. The big farmers who have developed good contacts with distant markets are taking their produce to far off place in search of higher price and more income.
• The main reason why the farmers are in favor of development of new modern terminal market for fruits and vegetables is that they are not getting adequate price in the
markets for their produce. Traders cheat them and farmers are facing the problem of payment.
• The other major problems encountered by the farmers in the existing markets are transportation, sanitation, storage, grading and standardization. Most of the farmers opined that they are not finding place in the market to stand while the auction is
DANISH JAVED & ASSICIATES Page 44 A critical analysis of table 8 above clearly indicates that 99.99% of farmers have given their willingness to sell fruits and vegetables in the new proposed market. They have also indicated that they are even ready to travel a distance up to 35 Kms. to reach the proposed market. This aspect is to be taken care by the planers to see that the new proposed terminal market is within this limit for maximum number of farmers.
Problems faced by the traders in present structure of markets
1. Non-graded Material. 2. Transportation Problem. 3. Sanitation.
4. Theft, Unauthorized persons and animals. 5. Water problem, cleanness.
6. Insufficient space.
7. Creates traffic problem for neighboring locality. 8. Too much of dust.
9. Lack of quality produce, and quality awareness. 10. Private and competitive Banks required.