Estudios relacionados con las emociones matemáticas

It is not a fair task to acknowledge all the people who made this Ph.D. thesis possible with a few words. However, I will try to do my best to extend my great appreciation to everyone who helped me scientifically and emotionally through out this study.

I shall begin with God the almighty: without His will I would have never found the right path. His mercy was with me throughout my life and ever more in this study. I thank Him for enlightening my soul with the respected love and compassion for the other humans and allowing me to enter a field where I could practice this desire.

With great appreciation I shall acknowledge all my colleagues at Hakim Pharmaceutical Company, Tehran, Iran, who constantly supported me throughout my Ph.D. In particular, I want to thank Dr. Alimian, the general manager of the company, Dr. M. Parnianpour and Dr. M.M.Sadeghi, members of the board of directors, for all their support and encouragements. I, specially thank my dear co-workers Dr. L. Majidi, Dr. S. Abedini, Dr. Jabalameli, Dr. M. Jenabi, Dr. S. Asadi, Ms. Shafiee, Ms. Manafi and Mr. Pouladzadeh for putting up with me during my Ph.D. period and always giving me words of encouragement. I also thank Mr. Soloukaneh for his wonderful skill in HPLC techniques. My special appreciation goes to my very good friends Dr. Navid Nateghian and Dr. Shahriyar Abashzadeh for all their scientific help and support throughout this study. You guys were always real pals!

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I thank Prof. M. Faghihi, the head of veterinary school, Tehran, Iran, for his help with the ex vivo studies in rabbits. I greatly appreciate all the hard work and the tremendous support of Dr. Ejtemai-Mehr and Dr. Partoazar for their extensive help with the in vivo animal studies at the department of pharmacology, Tehran University. This part would not be possible without their help. I shall extend my special thanks to the department of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics, School of pharmacy, University of Geneva, Switzerland. In particular I want to thank Dr. F. Delie and Dr. R. Gurny for all their kindness and for accepting me in Geneva. Also I want to specially thank Megali, Briggete, Simon, Sarah and Elizabeth for all their care and support with the Caco-2 cell studies. I also want to extend my appreciation to Prof. B. Larijani, the head of endocrinology department of Shariati hospital for all his support with the insulin analysis and providing me with the RIA kits.

I, thank Mr. M. Weinhold, from the Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Department of Production Technology, Recovery and Recycling, Bremen, Germany, for his help with the molecular weight studies and the intrinsic viscosities of the synthesized polymers.

Many thanks to Prof. Karin Hoogedoory for making the translation of the English summary into the Dutch language.

My very special thanks go to my dearest, best friend and mentor Dr. Reza Avadi. He was the one who taught me all the basics of

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pharmaceutics and encouraged me to further pursue with my studies by doing a Ph.D. in this field. This work was not possible without his constant support and scientific help. My dearest Reza, I do not know how to extend my gratitude towards you. You were always there with me through the toughest moments, you saw me laugh in the lab and you saw me cry in my misery. Your friendly advice, your soothing words and your big heart helped me face all the obstacles and continue with my work. I will never forget your kindness.

I owe a special thanks to my family, my mom and dad, my brothers Ali and Amir and my sister in laws Neda and Pouneh who supported me and helped me throughout my life and during this study. I dedicate this work to you all. Mom, dad I do not know how to thank you enough for providing me with the opportunity to be where I am today. I love you so much.

I also dedicate this Ph.D. thesis to my two lovely children, Nikki and Nima who are the pride and joy of my life. I love you more than anything and I appreciate all your patience and support during mommy’s Ph.D. studies.

At last I do not know how to begin with saying thank you to my soul mate, my dearest husband and my best friend, Kamran. I love you for everything, for being so understanding and for putting up with me through the toughest moments of my life. I thank God for enlightening my life with your presence. Sweet heart I love you! You are the best thing that has ever happened to me.

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List of Publications Scientific Articles

1. A.M.M.Sadeghi, M.Amini, M.R.Avadi, F.Seidi, M.Rafiee- Tehrani, H.E. Junginger, Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial effects of trimethylated and triethylated 6-NH2-6-

Deoxy Chitosan; J. Bioact. & Compat. Polym. 23(2008) 262- 275.

2. A.Bayat, A.M.M.Sadeghi, M.R.Avadi, M.Amini, M.Rafiee- Tehrani, A .Shafiee, H.E.Junginger, J. Bioact. & Compat. Polym. 21(2006) 433-444.

3. A.M.M.Sadeghi, F.A.Dorkoosh, M.R.Avadi, P.Saadat, M.Rafiee-Tehrani, H.E. Junginger, Preparation, characterization and antibacterial activities of chitosan, N- trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and N- diethylmethyl chitosan (DEMC) nanoparticles loaded with insulin using both the ionotropic gelation and polyelectrolyte complexation methods, Int. J. Pharm. 355(2008) 299-306.

4. A.M.M.Sadeghi, F.A.Dorkoosh, M.Weinhold, A.Bayat, F.Delie, R.Gurny, M.B. Larijani, M.Rafiee-Tehrani, H.E. Junginger, Permeation enhancer effect of chitosan and chitosan derivatives: comparison of formulations as soluble polymers and nanoparticulate systems on insulin absorption in Caco-2 cells, Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm 70(2008) 270-278. 5. A.M.M.Sadeghi, M.R.Avadi, Sh.Ejtemaimehr,

Sh.Abashzadeh, A.Partoazar, F.A.Dorkoosh, M.Faghihi, M. Rafiee-Tehrani, H.E. Junginger, Development of a Gas Empowered Drug Delivery system for peptide delivery in the Small Intestine, J. Control. Rel. Article in press.

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A. Abstracts

A.M.M. Sadeghi, F.A. Dorkoosh, M.R. Avadi, A. Bayat, M.

Pouladzadeh, M. Rafiee-Tehrani, H.E. Junginger, One-step synthesis of trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and its antibacterial evaluation in comparison to chitosan and other alkylated chitosan derivatives CRS (2006).

A.Bayat, A.M.M. Sadeghi, M.R. Avadi, R. Majlesi, M. Amini, A. Shafiee, H.E.Junginger, M.R.Tehrani, Synthesis of N-Dimethylethyl chitosan as a carrier for oral Delivery of peptide Drugs CRS (2006).

A.M.M.Sadeghi, M.R. Avadi, F. Seidi, M. Rafiee-Tehrani, H.E. Junginger Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial effects of Triethylated 6-NH2-6-Deoxy Chitosan CRS Iran

(2007).

A.M.M.Sadeghi, F.A.Dorkoosh, A. Bayat, F. Delie, R.

Gurny, M.Rafiee-Tehrani, H.E. Junginger, Absorption of insulin in vitro (Caco-2 cells) using chitosan and chitosan derivatives both in nanoparticle form and free soluble solution PSWC (2007).

A.M.M.Sadeghi, F. Seidi, M.R. Avadi, M. Rafiee-Tehrani, H.E. Junginger Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial effects of trimethylated 6-NH2-6-Deoxy Chitosan CRS (2007).

S. Abashzadeh, M.H.Hajimiri, A.M.M.Sadeghi, M.Rafiee- Tehrani, R.Dinarvand, Monitoring of self assembly behavior of chitosan derivatives in aqueous solution by photon correlation spectroscopy CRS (2007).

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A.M.M.Sadeghi, F.A. Dorkoosh, M.R. Avadi, P. Saadat, M. Rafiee-Tehrani, H.E. Junginger, Preparation and characterization of N-Diethylmethyl chitosan (DEMC) nanoparticles loaded with insulin using both the ionotropic gelation and polyelectrolyte complexation methods IPORSIP (2007).

A.M.M.Sadeghi, M. X. Weinhold, M.R. Avadi, M. Rafiee-

Tehrani, H.E. Junginger, Comparison of Molecular Weight, Intrinsic Viscosity, Zeta Potential and Antibacterial Activities of five alkylated Chitosan Derivatives CRS (2008).

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