Etapas del desarrollo cognitivo según Piaget

We are also interested in developing sophisticated transfer functions for volume rendering that

can provide customized and tuned visual cues in the mixed reality system [15]. Such transfer

functions may enable the visualization of certain features without performing segmentation

and may also allow more complicated visualization that renders both volumes and surfaces

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Image Orientation

A.1

Image Orientations

With the development of modern imaging techniques, such as CT, MRI and 3D ultrasound, 3D

images have become more and more popular in medical fields for diagnosis, surgical planning,

training, and guidance purposes. They can provide interior details of a patient’s body and allow

3D visualization and modeling of chosen areas or structures, which helps the clinicians to have

better understanding about the patient’s condition.

One important thing to define before using a 3D image is the image orientation. Commonly,

it is defined in the patient’s coordinate with the head side denoted as “Superior”, foot side as

“Inferior”, right hand side as “Right”, left hand side as “Left”, chest side as “Anterior”, and

back side as “Posterior”.

Image orientation is also associated with how the images are stored in computers. Storing a

3D image in a computer, either in the physical memory or on the hard drive, is usually achieved

by sequencing every point (voxel) in the image with a pre-defined order and then storing the

whole sequence as a 1D array. In other words, if we denote the sequencing procedure as a

function, f, it maps a three dimensional coordinate, (x,y,z), to a non-negative integer,i, with one-to-one correspondence.

f : (x,y,z)→ i (A.1) The function f must be reversible, so that the program which reads the image knows exactly how to map each point in the sequence back to the 3D volume space.