Evaluación de las disposiciones para LEADER (desarrollo local participativo)

The bioethanol to propylene reaction provides an economically attractive route to convert cost-advantaged raw materials such as bioethanol to high value-added propylene and ethylene products. HZSM-5 zeolite is the best catalyst and support known for bioethanol dehydration reaction so far. It has been demonstrated that HZSM-5 zeolite and metal oxides have the potential to be developed as commercialized catalysts for the conversion of bioethanol to propylene. The propylene yield reached as high as 30% on both zeolite and transition metal catalysts. In general, transition metal promoters play a crucial role in this reaction and future approaches are likely to be built on molecular understanding

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of transition metal promoters and zeolite chemistry. It is clear that much work has been done in improving the catalytic performance in terms of activity, selectivity, stability, etc. Accordingly, following objectives may spur further studies in this field: characteristics of catalyst and its catalytic activity and selectivity are highly dependent on its surface structure. As more strategies are developed for the modification of surface structure, a systematic evaluation of surface area, crystal structure, catalyst support and catalytic sites distribution must be explored for their bioethanol to propylene conversion capabilities. Although several promoters have been reported to enhance the conversion, more work needs to be done to improve propylene yield and selectivity. In this respect, post-treatment of catalyst with various promoters that show synergistic effects may prove useful for enhancing the propylene yield; more promoters could be selected with different combinations to optimize the yield of propylene. Furthermore, the effect of various promoters on the performance of zeolites can be investigated theoretically so that better dopant and co-promoting matches can be found analytically. It has been confirmed that combination of zeolite and transition metal oxides are favor ETP reaction in different aspects due to their respective properties. The advantages of these catalysts can be taken into account by combining more than one type of catalyst to make catalyst composites or hybrid materials with various functionalities to seek catalyst with a better catalytic performance. Indeed, there is potentially significant gain towards yield, conversion and selectivity through the use of advanced composite catalysts, but many barriers must be overcome.

Existing literature reports merely propose the mechanism of the conversion by gases. Despite the fact that the gases account for the distribution of the products and

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variation trends accordingly, theoretical kinetic simulations and calculations studies are necessary for a better understanding of the process. Almost all the reactors used in catalysts tests are fixed-bed reactors. However, the type of the reactor may have a great effect on the conversion due to its mass and heat transfer characteristics. Consequently, it is beneficial to examine various catalysts in different types of reactors to obtain a better understanding of the interactions between reactants, products and catalyst from a process point of view. Overall, catalytic conversion of bioethanol to propylene is a potential substitute for conventional propylene production from naphtha steam cracking. What makes this process promising is not only the accessibility of bioethanol as feed stock, it is also because of its environmentally friendly nature. The enlarging propylene market all around the world renders the focus of researches on novel catalysts development.

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