Evaluación in vivo de la capacidad bactericida de los vibriofagos

AWINDOWCLEANERyesterdayaccused three police officers in the High Court of fabricating forensic evidence to support a charge of attempted armed robbery.

Milton Morris, 41, who spentnine months in custody before being acquitted, said the officers took part in a 'wicked conspiracy' to implicate him in a raid on a sub-post office in west London.

They planted fibres from his clothing on a mask and pair of overalls abandoned by the robbers as they fled after the abortive raid, it was claimed.

Mr Morris, who has no previous

convictions, is seeking damages for malicious prosecution from the MetropoKtanPoliceCommissionerandPCs Desmond Cooke, Stephen Deacon and Leif Bailey.

The police deny fabricating evidence and claim they had an honestbelief in Mr Morris's guilt.

The forensic evidence - fibres from Mr Morris's clothing on the overalls, his hair on the mask and glass from the scene of the crime on his shoes - appeared damning.

Itlinked himto the raid, Colin Challenger, his counsel, told the court. But Mr Morris, of

Chiswick, west London, had played no part in the raid and the fibres must have been put there by the police, he said.

His arrest in November 1983 and his prosecution and months in custody had had a 'profound and devastating' effect on him, Mr Challenger added.

Mr Morris was charged with attempted armed robbery on 15 December and remanded in custody. He was tried and acquitted at Acton Crown Court in September 1984, after spending nine months in custody.

The trial continues today. Check on page 87.

2 Reading will also show you new ways to use familiar vocabulary.

You have already studied the expressions:

to be charged with (a crime) to be remanded in custody to be convicted

But the text demonstrates that we can also say:

a charge of (crime) to spend (time) in custody to have (previous) convictions

3 Use your reading to consciously acquire new vocabulary.

Set yourself a target of, say, five new words from every newspaper article or every page of a novel which you read. These words can be recorded as discussed in

Organising Your Learning: Vocabulary.

Exercises

4 Reread the text, and find five new words or expressions to add to your own list of Crime and Law

Enforcement vocabulary. Use your dictionary to help you.

Check on page 87.

5 Study the four lists below. Decide what is the common characteristic of the items on each list, and find at least one word or expression in the text which could be added to each.

a evil, immoral, naughty

b to falsify (information, accounts etc), a forgery, to take someone in

c cap, bow-tie, waistcoat

d catastrophic, destructive, disastrous

6 Sometimes you may want to start a new list because of vocabulary items you come across.

In the text there are two expressions using part: .. .the officers took part in a wicked conspiracy... (para2) ...Mr Morris... had played no part in the raid... (para 7) Find three other uses of part in your dictionary and add them to your list with example sentences of your own.

Language register and the passive voice

1 Rewrite the sentences below from the active voice to the passive voice, beginning with the words given. Make any other changes which make the passive voice sentence sound more formal. a 'It says you can't take pictures in the museum.'

Cameras are

b 'Look, it says you've got to leave it at the desk.' Cameras

c 'Someone's doing his house up for him.' He

d 'They've talked her into changing her mind.' She

e 'People are searching for the kid who's gone missing.'

The

f 'It was crazy ever to close this window.' This

g 'You'd better finish writing the book by January.' The book

h 'OK, no problem with January.' I assure

The passive voice with prepositions

2 The sentences below contain prepositional phrases and verbs. Most are possible in the passive voice, but two are not. Decide which these are, then convert the others, beginning with the words given. Pay careful attention to the position of prepositions, and mention the agent only when necessary.

There is no rule about when prepositional phrases and verbs can be used in the passive voice (even native speakers may disagree!), but you will gradually pick up a feeling for this.

a I can't stand it when people stare at me. I can't stand

b He's fallen in love with his teacher. His

c The whole town is talking about us. We

d Don't worry, someone will take care of them. Don't worry, they

e We're not going to stand for it! It

UNIT 9

f Children hate it when adults don't listen to them. Children hate

g A team of special investigators ought to look into this whole takeover.

This whole takeover needs

Check on page 87.

Verbs of movement and posture

3 Below are anagrams of some of the movement and posture verbs in your Coursebook. Solve the anagrams and write in the middle column. a ttsur f pale b fuselhf g trowe c gloneu , h sadh

d plotep i direst _______ e creph ______ j redawn _ 4 Match the words below to the verbs in exercise 3 above, bearing in mind the special meaning of each verb. The first has been done for you.

a lazy lounge f crash ______ b directionless __ g slippers ______ c tall ______ h kangaroo ______ d bird i hurry ______ e arrogant _______ j sudden ______ , Check on page 87.

Idiomatic expressions with names of animals 5 Using your dictionary, match the following

animal-based idiomatic expressions with their meanings below.

a to chicken out

b to make a pig of yourself c to let sleeping dogs lie

d to flog a dead horse

e to feel like a fish out of water f to smell a rat

1 to waste your efforts for no return

2 to sense that something suspicious is going on 3 to eat too much of something

4 to lose your courage

5 to be uneasy, in a place which doesn't suit you 6 to decide to ignore some problem which is not

causing trouble at the moment

6 Complete each sentence with one of the expressions in exercise 5.

a Some people enjoy living abroad, and feel they belong in the new country, but British footballers usually in Italy.

b His wife when he started coming home late from work every night. He had a lover, she was sure,

c Don't start that old argument again. OK, she shouldn't have done it, but it was a long time ago. Just why don't you?

d Pm beginning to feel I'm trying to teach that student anything. Do you think she really wants to learn ?

e Oh dear, I don't feel too good this morning. I'm afraid I with the curry last night. f He intended to ask her out, but at the last minute

he lost his nerve and . Check on page 87.

UNIT 9

Gap-filling exercise

7 Fill the gaps in the following advertisement with one word.