8 Resultados, Análisis y Discusión de Objetivos
8.1 Objetivo Específico 1
8.1.2 Eventos Climáticos que han Impactado la Red Vial Primaria
Correct operation of an electrical system depends on the quality of its power supply; it must be stable and free of interference.
The installation must be designed and built in accordance with the local regulatory requirements in force.
4.6.1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAINS SUPPLY - Power supply: Three-phase (according to mains).
10% in steady-state, 20% in transient (20 ms). - Pulse mode: 50% of rated value, maximum duration 5 ms - Harmonics: Maximum 5%
- Frequency: 50 or 60 Hz (according to mains).
- Electrical power supply line: Special supply line for the EXCLUSIVE use of the system from the main LOW VOLTAGE panel. The entire system is powered by a single three- phase + earth cable.
4.6.2. EARTH
Any equipment without double insulation requires an earthing connection. This is also important for operation and leak-off to the ground of spurious interference.
The earthing conductor must have a sufficient cross-section. It must be connected to the terminal board of the power supply panel. Like the electrical installation, this earthing connection must be periodically checked by an approved organisation.
The resistance of the earthing connection measured must comply with the applicable laws and standards.
The green/yellow earthing conductor is exclusively reserved for the system. It is directly connected to the earthing terminal.
TRANSPORT INSTALLATION & DISMANTLING Chapter 4 29/34
OPERATOR’S MANUAL HFE M2 – X41176B Issue 05/2010
4.6.3. MAINS-RELATED AND ENVIRONMENT-RELATED INTERFERENCE
CAUTION: Never solder or weld a component to the machine using any process whatsoever. This could damage the mechanical, electrical, and electronic components.
Certain electronic components may be subjected to abnormal or excessive voltages or currents liable to cause their destruction.
The installation of adapter components without a galvanic connection to the mains (voltage stabiliser, inverter, converter unit, transformer, isolating transformer, etc.) may need to be considered. If necessary, the quality of the electrical power supply should be checked by an approved organisation, and an analysis of the results should determine the type of equipment required.
The following types of interference can be considered as a disturbance to any electronic system:
• Electrostatic Discharge
Electrostatic discharge is particularly critical where the ambient relative humidity is low. It is not unusual for a person or group of people on the move to generate discharges amounting to several thousand volts when touching a door handle or metal frame. It may be necessary to install antistatic equipment. The machine has passed tests to European Standard EN 50370-2 concerning immunity to electrostatic discharge.
• Mains Transients
Transients are spurious pulses propagating along mains conductors which may affect system operation. They may be from an internal source, e.g. welding unit, or any other machine generating mains interference, or they may be from an external source, e.g. stormy weather, neighbouring factory, etc. The machine has passed tests to European Standard EN 61000.4.4 concerning immunity to fast transients.
• Stormy Weather
The charges that accumulate during a storm cause transients in electrical lines or connecting cables. Do not use excessively long overhead lines.
• Magnetic Fields
A variable magnetic field causes induction in circuit loops—a major source of interference voltage. Cathode ray tubes are sensitive to magnetic fields, and display this sensitivity by a change in image chromatics or geometry. This is why they are equipped with protective shielding.
• Medium- or High-Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation
This type of interference can cause many problems in systems (operational amplifiers, computer memory, etc.). In general, the extent of the disturbance depends on the duration and intensity of the radiation. It may be caused by nearby radar systems or radio transmitters (military, police, FM radio station, etc.), or even by poorly filtered cathode ray tubes.
Although the machine has passed tests to European Standards EN 55011, for optimum operation of your machine, install the press brake in an environment that is free of the disturbances mentioned above (reference values : field 0.2 to 0.5 V/m, frequency band 10 kHz to 1 GHz).
TRANSPORT INSTALLATION & DISMANTLING Chapter 4 31/34
OPERATOR’S MANUAL HFE M2 – X41176B Issue 05/2010
4.6.4. POWER SUPPLY CABLE
The characteristics of the power supply cable must comply with the safety regulations in force. Cable cross-sections (mm²) are given for a line less than 20 m long for the whole models in the product range, and for a 400-V power supply. For any other specifications, refer to the currently applicable standards.
Manufacturer-recommended cross-section Country Voltage / Frequency Europe 400 V / 50 Hz ≤ 15.5 kW 18 kW 20 kW 23,5 kW 31,5 kW 38,5 kW 4 mm² 6 mm² 10 mm² 10 mm² 16 mm² 25 mm²
See electric diagram on how to pass the incoming power supply cable through the electric cabinet.
The power supply cable should never be passed through the “C” frame in front of the electrical cabinet.
The machine is equipped with its own current protection devices, but the supply line must be equipped with a cut-off device to protect it from short circuits and over currents (not included in Amada supplies).
The cable and its mechanical protection devices, if any (cable troughs, raceways, sheaths, etc.) must have a protection rating according to the mechanical risks and corrosive agents to which they are liable to be exposed (not included in Amada supplies). The routing of cables and their protective equipment must not create any hazard (falling) to operators or maintenance personnel.
Connect the three power supply wires directly to the corresponding terminals of the circuit breaker, with the earth wire (green/yellow) directly on the earth terminal intended for this purpose.
The circuit breaker is designed to accommodate up to three padlocks. We recommend that you install a padlock immediately, to prevent the system being switched on until the AMADA technician arrives to put your machine into operation.
CAUTION: All work on electrical installations must be performed by qualified personnel trained for the purpose in order to prevent any accidents or damage to equipment.