1. Gist Question Answer choice A is correct. The student says that he wants to write about Hemingway but doesn’t want to write a paper that’s going to irritate the
professor. He wants advice on how to write a paper on an author that isn’t one of her favorites, or isn’t one that she prefers. Answer choice B is incorrect because the student is not speaking about another professor. Answer choice C is incorrect because the student does not say that he will contradict the professor. Answer choice D is incorrect because he has chosen his topic, not had it assigned to him.
2. Relationship Question Answer choice D is correct. The student says that he could tell from the lecture that Hemingway is not one of her favorites, and the professor acknowledges that her opinion was apparent. Answer choice A is incorrect because
the speakers do not discuss Hemingway’s writing style. Later in the discussion the professor explains that she doesn’t like Hemingway’s characters and she is positive about his writing techniques. Answer choice B is incorrect because it can be inferred that she did talk about Hemingway in class, but not whether she preferred to talk about him. Answer choice C is incorrect because neither speaker implies anything about how often the professor expresses her opinion in class.
3. Detail Question Answer choice A is correct. The professor says that he should question, ask, and challenge, but if he’s challenging a professor’s cherished beliefs, then he should check and cite [his] sources… and make strong, sound arguments.
Answer choice B is incorrect because she encourages him to challenge his professors, but gives him advice on how to do so. Answer choice C is incorrect because she warns him not to make claims that are just designed to contradict or provoke your professor. Answer choice D is incorrect because the professor says that she would try to be objective and fair… but she might be inclined to look harder for flaws in the student’s arguments. This implies that the student cannot be
completely sure that professors will be fair.
4. Relationship Question Answer choice D is correct. The student says that he thinks he wants to write about places where Hemingway wrote whole passages and then took them out deliberately. Answer choice A is incorrect because the professor uses the relationship between the main characters as an example, but the student does not say he will write about it. Answer choice B is incorrect because no scientific aspects of Hemingway’s writing are mentioned. Answer choice C is incorrect because the student says that he is not gonna try and prove that this book shows that Hemingway was tolerant of all people.
5. Speaker’s Stance Question Answer choice C is correct. The professor says that what the student will write about is one of the most fascinating things about that particular book. Answer choice A is incorrect because the student does not say he will challenge her beliefs. Answer choice B is incorrect because the student is not going to focus on the characters. Answer choice D is incorrect because the student is still planning on writing about Hemingway.
6. Organization Question Answer choice B is correct. The professor says that he will start today talking about adaptations of one particular species for a specific purpose.
He then discusses the barn owl and adaptations it has to hunt at night. Answer choice A is incorrect because the professor does not say that the barn owl’s hearing is better than other animals. Answer choice C is incorrect because the professor does not describe experiments, but various physical adaptations. Answer choice D is incorrect because the professor discusses adaptations of the barn owl instead of his usual comparison of human senses to the abilities of animals.
7. Function Question Answer choice B is correct. The professor says the owl makes what many consider… a less than pleasant shriek. This means that many people consider it unpleasant. Answer choice A is incorrect because the professor does not give his own opinion of the sound. Answer choice C is incorrect because “less than pleasant” means “unpleasant, not agreeable.” Answer choice D is incorrect because the professor does not compare barn owls in the area with those in other areas.
8. Detail Question Answer choices A and D are correct. The professor says that the owls use hearing to make a kind of map… and in fact are capable of locating prey in absolute darkness. Answer choice B is incorrect because the professor says that these owls are possibly the most studied species in terms of hearing, apart from us, humans. This means that human hearing has been studied more. Answer choice C is incorrect because nothing is mentioned about locating other owls.
9. Detail Question Answer choice B is correct. The professor says that the feathers of the face… funnel sound… into the ears… and amplify faint sounds. Answer choice A is incorrect because the feathers funnel sound, not light. Answer choice C is
incorrect because determining the direction of prey is not mentioned in relation to the feathers of the face. Answer choice D is incorrect because it is feathers on the wing, not the face, that allow the owl to fly silently.
10. Detail Question Answer choices A, B, and D are correct. According to the lecture, the owl’s ears are at different heights in comparison to the ear canal, and It is the difference in how the sound arrives in each ear canal that the owl’s brain interprets to decide whether the source of a sound is above or below. Answer choice C is incorrect because it is the owl’s beak that is pointed downward. Answer choice E is incorrect because the lecture says nothing about the ears blocking sounds from things that are not prey.
11. Detail Question
The pattern of the feathers of its face YES The asymmetrical height of its ears YES The specialized feathers of its wings NO The shape and position of its beak NO
The feathers of the face help direct and amplify sounds, the asymmetrical height of the ears helps determine the direction of prey, and the downward shape and position of the beak is an adaption to minimize interference with sounds the owl uses to hunt. The specialized feathers of the owl help it fly silently, not hear and locate prey.
SPEAKING, PAGE 449 Question 2, p. 450
Sample Notes
Reading Passage Listening Passage
Top: formation of solar syst
—5 bill yrs ago, solar syst = spinning cloud of dust
—Clumped to form sun & planets
—Earth = layers, light mat’l outside & heavy in middle
Top: 2 categs of theories for Earth layers
—1. core 1st, outer layers added later
—2. clump 1st, separate into layers later
—2nd theory is correct
—1st homogns, pressure melts middle
—melted iron = dense, falls to center → iron core
—light mat’l = float 2 top → outer crust
Sample Answer
The reading and the listening are about how the Earth formed and came to have a layered structure with a heavy core and lighter layers around it. The listening says that there were originally two theories: that the core came first and the lighter layers added later, and that all the material was there at the beginning and formed layers later. The lecture says that the second theory is accurate, since the process of layering is now understood. First, the pressure began to melt the homogeneous material, and the heavier iron began to fall toward the center of the earth, forming the core. The lighter material floated on top and formed the lighter crust on the outside of the globe. This is how Earth got its layers.
Question 3, p. 451
Sample Notes
Prob: W’s car broke, X be fixed, how will she get 2 univ?
W: catch ride w/ M car broke? class at 1?
M: Yes, wait. Car unrepairable, friend (mechanic) said S1: W—drop Fri class, take > shifts at restaur 2 buy new car
M—can’t drop, half-finished, retake = maybe X grad on time
—heavy load in spring, X good 2 do work & heavy classes S2: M—Take bus.
W—X like bus, too long, walk 7 blocks, stuck on campus Op: take bus
Sample Answer
The woman’s problem is that her car has broken down for good and can’t be repaired, so she can’t drive to campus. Her solution is to drop her Friday class and work more to get a new car, which the man says will mean she’ll be working and doing a lot of class work at the same time. Since this would be really tough, I think she should take the man’s second suggestion, which is to ride the bus. Even though it takes a while to ride the bus and she’ll have to wait a long time on Mondays and Wednesdays for classes, she can do her schoolwork during this time. Plus, as the man said, walking to and from the bus stop will be good for her.