IV. MARCO TEÓRICO
4.6 Experiencias de créditos rurales en el Perú
What Is The Request And What Will We Get For The Funds?
FHWA requests $100 million for FY 2015 to provide ladders of opportunity for all Americans. The program will support two distinct facets of the Administration’s Ladders of Opportunity initiative:
• Providing enhanced developmental opportunities for disadvantaged persons in order to
qualify them for and place them in transportation jobs; and
• Engaging large metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) in pilot activities that
identify and implement approaches to enhance transportation connections to
opportunities and developing local measures of connectivity. The results of the pilot program will potentially lay the groundwork for the development of a national
performance measure for multimodal connectivity to opportunities that would increase transparency and drive effective transportation investment.
FY 2015 – Ladders of Opportunity ($100.0 million)
($000)
Difference FY 2014 FY 2015 From FY 2014
PROGRAM ACTIVITY ENACTED REQUEST ENACTED
Federal-aid Highways - Federal Allocation Programs
Emergency Relief (exempt from obligation limitation) 100,000 1/ 100,000 --- Territorial and Puerto Rico Highway Program 190,000 190,000 --- Construction of Ferry Boats and Ferry Terminal Facilities 67,000 67,000 --- On-the-Job Training 2/ 10,000 11,000 1,000 Disadvantaged Business Enterprise 2/ 10,000 11,000 1,000 Highway Use Tax Evasion Projects 2/ 10,000 10,000 --- Other Safety-related Programs 2/ 3,000 3,000 --- Ladders of Opportunity --- 100,000 100,000 Performance Management Data Support Program --- 10,000 10,000
Total 390,000 502,000 112,000
2/ Programs relocated from Administrative Expenses. Other Programs from Administrative Expenses was renamed to Other Safety- related Programs. Amounts for FY14 are the amounts set aside from Administrative Expenses and are shown for comparison purposes. 1/ In FY14 $7.2 million was sequestered from Emergency Relief (sequestration not reflected in table).
What Is This Program?
The program starts with incentivizing States to invest in the transportation workforce of the future, with State Departments of Transportation, Labor, and Education working together and with employers. The Ladders of Opportunity program will provide $30 million per year to help build a skilled and diverse transportation workforce and create career pathways for
disadvantaged populations, leveraging existing funding including FHWA’s existing On-the-Job Training/Supportive Services program (OJT/SS) and workforce, adult and higher education, and apprenticeships.
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The second element of Ladders of Opportunity is aimed at improving the ability of our
transportation system to provide connections to economic opportunities for all people, including non-drivers and historically disadvantaged populations. The Ladders of Opportunity program will provide a total of $70 million per year for MPOs that represent urbanized areas with more than 1 million residents for pilot programs under which they will systematically identify shortcomings of the existing transportation system in providing connections to economic opportunities. Using this baseline, the MPOs will be able to develop provisional measures of connectivity and use them to target improvements, track progress in improving connectivity, and report pilot results to DOT. After a participant has funded these efforts, it may use remaining funds for related planning activities and to match other Federal funds used for projects that improve connectivity. In selecting MPOs to participate in the pilot program, the Secretary will consider how the selected MPOs collectively represent the range of organizational experience and capacity for performance measurement.
A small portion of the $70 million will be used by DOT to support the pilot programs with technical assistance and peer exchange opportunities and to document lessons learned as it works with the pilot participants to identify and test connectivity measures. DOT will publish a report with the results of the pilot program and seek public comments on the report.
Why Is This Particular Program Necessary?
The workforce component of the program provides incentives and resources for States to
enhance their efforts to ensure that a skilled workforce is available to meet highway construction hiring needs, and to address the historical under-representation of members of these groups in highway construction skilled crafts.
It is well-documented that a good transportation system is a critical underpinning of the
economic vitality of our communities and the Nation as a whole. The connectivity component of the Ladders of Opportunity program is designed to help metropolitan areas take a systematic approach to identifying weak points in their transportation networks where the network fails to provide good connections between residents and economic opportunities; to identify measures of connectivity; and to track progress at improving connectivity. These efforts will provide the basis for a potential national performance measure in this area that would be established though notice and comment rulemaking.
How Do You Know The Program Works?
The workforce component of this proposal will ensure effective use of the funds, including a requirement that the efforts be designed to measure the employment outcomes of the program and are closely aligned with employer needs..
The connectivity component of this proposal is designed to bring additional analysis and performance measurement to bear in the development of projects that fill critical gaps in transportation services that connect people to economic opportunities.
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Why Do We Want/Need To Fund The Program At The Requested Level?
The funding request of $100 million will ensure that the program has adequate resources to carry out the planned activities. The funding level allow participants to achieve meaningful results and provide incentives for them to make additional efforts to enhance transportation workforce development and to connect people to economic opportunities.
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