Datasheet de Equipos
FIELD TESTED AND INDUSTRY CERTIFIED
5tate<
The simplest reactor conFguration for any enzyme reaction is the batc6 mo#ebatc6 mo#e. 7 batch enzyme reactor is normally
e&uipped !ith an agitator to mi the reactant, and the p$ of the reactant is maintained by employing a bu"er
solution or a p$ controller. 7n ideal batch reactor is assumed to be !ell mied so that the contents are uniform in
composition at all times.
5chematic Eiagram of a 0atch ?eactor
MM =eneral ?ate 6&uation
?earranging, and integrating yields
Integrated Borm:
The e&n above sho!s ho! %5 is changing !ith respect to time. Aith kno!n values of rma and K M, the
'lug(Ro! enzyme reactor ;tubular(Ro! enzyme reactor<
In a plug(Ro! enzyme reactor, the substrate enters one end of a cylindrical tube !hich is packed !ith immobilized enzyme and the product stream leaves at the other end. The long tube and lack of stirring device prevents complete miing of the Ruid in the tube.
Therefore, the properties of the Ro!ing stream !ill vary in both longitudinal and
radial directions. 5ince the variation in radial direction is small compared to that in the longitudinal direction, it is called a plug(Ro!
reactor. If a plug(Ro! reactor is operated at stead (state, the ro erties !ill be constant
5chematic Eiagram of 'lug(Blo! 6nzyme
?eactor
)inear Borm of 'rior =iven 6&n:
%ontinuous 5tirred(Tank ?eactor
7 continuous stirred(tank reactor ;%5T?< is an ideal reactor !/c is based on the assumption that the reactor contents are !ell mied.
Therefore, the concentrations of the various components of the outlet stream are
assumed to be the same as the
concentrations of these components in the reactor.
%ontinuous 5tirred(Tank ?eactor
5ubstrate balance in %5T?:
Input @utput J =eneration 8 7ccumulation
!here:
B 8 Ro! rate D 8 volume
r5 8 rate of substrate consumption d%5/dt 8 change of substrate concn
Bor a batch reactor: B 8 - and r58 d%5/dt
dt dC V V r FC
FC S 0
−
S+
S=
S%ontinuous 5tirred(Tank ?eactor
Bor a stea#y!statestea#y!state %5T?, d%5/dt 8 -, and r5 is given by Michaelis(Menten rate
e&uation as:
!here:
E 8 dilution ratio
?earranging the e&uation above gives the linear relationship
'roblem .+
7 carbohydrate ;5< decomposes in the presence of an enzyme ;6<. The Michaelis(Menten
kinetic parameters !ere found as follo!s:
K M 8 -- mol/m* rma 8 1-- mol/m*Pmin
a. 'repare a %5 versus t curve !hen the initial substrate concentration is *-- mol/m*.
b. 7ssume that you obtained the %5 versus t curve you calculated in part ;a<
eperimentally. 6stimate K M and rma by plotting the ;%5- %5</ln;%5-/%5< versus t/ln;%5-/%5< curve.
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c. %hemostat ;continuously stirred(tank reactor<
runs !ith various Ro! rates !ere carried out.
If the inlet substrate concentration is *--mol/m* and the Ro! rate is 1-- cm*/min,
!hat is the steady(state substrate
concentration of the outletH The reactor
volume is *-- cm*. 7ssume that the enzyme concentration in the reactor is constant so that the same kinetic parameters can be used.
'roblem .+
=iven:
KM 8 -- mol/m*
rma 8 1--mol/m*Pmin
%5- 8 *-- mol/m*
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?e&uired:
a. %5 vs t graph
b. KM and rma suppose values obtained in ;a< !ere determined eperimentally.
c. %5T? conFguration, Fnd %5 outlet
%5- 8 *-- mol/m*
B 8 1-- cm*/min D 8 *-- cm*
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5olution
b. Table for )inear =raph:
C
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5olution
c. %ontinuous stirred tank reactor ;%5T?<
0y applying the derived e&uation:
%5 8 1+.21 mol/m*
@ther ?oot 8 (*+.+3
S S
M S
S C C
C r
K
C
= − + −
0
m ax τ
'roblem .2
The KM value of an enzyme is kno!n to be -.-1 mol/). To measure the maimum reaction rate catalyzed by the enzyme, you measured the initial rate of reaction and found that 1-percent of the initial substrate
concentration !as consumed in minutes. The initial substrate
concentration is *.
×
1- mol/).7ssume that the reaction can be (
'roblem .2
a. Ahat is the maimum reaction rateH b. Ahat is the concentration of
substrate after 1 minutes
%5 8 .2+S1- mol/)
'roblem .
7 substrate is converted to a product by the catalytic action of an enzyme. 7ssume the Michaelis(Menten kinetic parameters for this enzyme reaction are:
K M 8 -.-* mol/) rma 8 1* mol/)Pmin
a. Ahat should be the size of a steady(state %5T?
to convert 3 percent of the incoming
substrate ;%5- 8 1- mol/)< !ith a Ro! rate of 1- )/h.
b. Ahat should be the size of the reactor if you employ a plug(Ro! reactor instead of the %5T?
in ;a<H
'roblem .
=iven
B 8 1- )/h
%5- 8 1-mol/)
%5 8 H KM 8 -.-* mol/)
rma 8 1*
mol/)Pmin
3 conversion
'roblem .
?e&uired
a. D for 3 conversion
b. D if plug(Ro! reactor is employed
'roblem .3
7 substrate is decomposed in the presence of an enzyme according to the Michaelis(Menten
e&uation !ith the follo!ing kinetic parameters:
K M 8 1- g/) rma 8 2 g/)Pmin
If !e operate t!o one(liter %5T?s in series at
steady(state, !hat !ill be the concentration of substrate leaving the second reactorH The Ro!
rate is -. )/min. The inlet substrate concentration is - g/) and the enzyme
concentration in the t!o reactors is maintained at the same value all of the time. Is the t!o(
reactor system more e9cient than one reactor
'roblem .1
In order to measure the enzyme activity and the initial rate of reaction, m) of cellobiose
;1-- mol/m)< and m) of bu"er solution
!ere placed in a stirred vessel. The reaction
!as initiated by adding 1 m) of enzyme ;U(
glucosidase< solution !hich contained -.1 mg of protein per m). 7t 1, , 1-, 1, and
*-minutes, -.1 m) of sample !as removed from reaction miture and its glucose content !as measured. The result !ere as follo!s:
'roblem .1
T
Tiimmee, , mmiinn 99lluuccoosse e CCoonncceennttrraattiioonn,, 4mol/m&'
4mol/m&'
1 -.-
-.*
1- -.*
1 -.
*- 1.-*
a. Ahat is the activity of the U(glucosidase in units/m) of enzyme solution and in units/mg proteinH 7 unit is deFned as the enzyme activity
!hich can produce 1 mol of product per minuteH b. Ahat is the initial rate of reactionH