Que as obras da Y de Fonsagrada-Santa Eulalia de Oscos-Grandas de Salime, en territorio asturiano e

agreement with nouns in the dual

Case: (see case marking by diacritics)

The adjective is

ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

when the noun is

ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

; so marked by a

ﺔّﻤَﺿ

^.

The adjective is

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

when the noun is

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

; so marked by a

ﺔﺤﺘﻓ

^.

The adjective is

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

when the noun is

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

; so marked by a

ﺓﺮﺴﻛ

^.

Exercise: adjectival agreement with nouns in the singular

Exercise 1

Fill in the blanks. Please make all necessary changes to ensure agreement. The first one is completed for reference.

Glossary

ﺔّﻴﺼﺨَﺸﻟﺍ ّﻱِﻮَﻗ

strong-willed (s., m.)

ٌﻞُﺟَﺭ

^{a man}

ٌﺓﺃﺮﻣِﺍ

^{a woman}

a)

ِﺔّﻴﺼﺨَﺸﻟﺍ

^_______

ٌﻞُﺟَﺭ

a strong-willed man

ِﺔّﻴﺼﺨَﺸﻟﺍ ﱡﻱِﻮَﻗ ٌﻞُﺟَﺭ

b)

ِﺔّﻴﺼﺨَﺸﻟﺍ

^_______

ُﻞُﺟَﺮﻟﺍ

the strong-willed man c)

ِﺔّﻴﺼﺨَﺸﻟﺍ

^________

ٌﺓﺃﺮﻣِﺍ

a strong-willed woman d)

ِﺔّﻴﺼﺨَﺸﻟﺍ

_________

ُﺓﺃﺮَﻤﻟﺍ

the strong-willed woman

Adjectives: agreement with nouns in the dual

In the dual, as in the singular, there’s agreement between the noun and the adjective in number, gender, definiteness, and case whether a noun is human or non-human.

Masculine indefi nite Human

Meaning

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ/ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

two big men

ِﻦْﻳَﺮﻴﺒﻛ ِﻦْﻴَﻠُﺟَﺭ ِﻥﺍﺮﻴﺒﻛ ِﻥﻼُﺟَﺭ

two famous actors

ِﻦْﻳَﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻣ ِﻦْﻴَﻠﱢﺜَﻤُﻣ ِﻥﺍﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻣ ِﻥﻼﱢﺜَﻤُﻣ

20

Adjectives:

agreement with nouns

128

Non-human

Number: the adjective is dual because the noun is dual.

Gender: the adjective is masculine because the noun is masculine.

Definiteness: the adjective is indefinite because the noun is indefinite.

Case: in the dual, there is no distinction in case marking between the

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

^{, and the}

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

. See Case marking by letters.

The adjective is

ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

when the noun is

ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﺍ

in the dual suffix

ﻥﺍ

^.

The adjective is

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

when the noun is

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﻱ

in the dual suffix

ﻦﻳ

^.

The adjective is

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

when the noun is

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﻱ

in the dual suffix

ﻦﻳ

^.

Feminine indefi nite Human

Meaning

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ/ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

two big books

ِﻦْﻳَﺮﻴﺒﻛ ِﻦْﻴَﺑﺎﺘِﻛ ِﻥﺍﺮﻴﺒﻛ ِﻥﺎﺑﺎﺘِﻛ

two famous books

ِﻦْﻳَﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻣ ِﻦْﻴَﺑﺎﺘِﻛ ِﻥﺍﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻣ ِﻥﺎﺑﺎﺘِﻛ

Meaning

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ/ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

two big women

ﻦْﻴَﺗﺮﻴﺒﻛ ِﻦْﻴَﺗﺃﺮﻣﺍ ِﻥﺎﺗﺮﻴﺒﻛ ِﻥﺎﺗﺃﺮﻣﺍ

two famous actresses

ِﻦْﻴَﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻣ ِﻦْﻴَﺘَﻠﱢﺜَﻤُﻣ ِﻥﺎﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻣ ِﻥﺎﺘَﻠﱢﺜَﻤُﻣ

Non-human

Meaning

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ/ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

two big tables

ِﻦْﻴَﺗﺮﻴﺒﻛ ِﻦْﻴَﺘﻟِﻭﺎﻁ ِﻥﺎﺗﺮﻴﺒﻛ ِﻥﺎﺘﻟِﻭﺎﻁ

two famous bookstores

ِﻦْﻴَﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻣ ِﻦْﻴَﺘَﺒَﺘﻜَﻣ ِﻥﺎﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻣ ِﻥﺎﺘﺒَﺘﻜَﻣ

Number: the adjective is dual because the noun is dual.

Gender: the adjective is feminine because the noun is feminine; so marked by the feminine marker

ﺕ

^.

Adjectives:

agreement with nouns in the dual

Non-human

Definiteness: the adjective is indefinite because the noun is indefinite.

Case: in the dual, there is no distinction in case marking between the

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

^{, and the}

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

. See Case marking by letters.

The adjective is

ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

when the noun is

ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﺍ

in the dual suffix

ﻥﺍ

^.

The adjective is

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

when the noun is

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﻱ

in the dual suffix

ﻦﻳ

^.

The adjective is

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

when the noun is

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﻱ

in the dual suffix

ﻦﻳ

^.

Masculine defi nite Human

Number: the adjective is dual because the noun is dual.

Gender: the adjective is masculine because the noun is masculine.

Definiteness: the adjective is definite because the noun is definite, so marked by a definite article

ﻝﺍ

, or by being the first term of an ’idafa. In an ’idafa, the

ﻥ

of the dual suffix

ﻥﺍ

^or

ﻦﻳ

is dropped.

Case: in the dual, there is no distinction in case marking between the

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

^{, and the}

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

. See Case marking by letters.

The adjective is

ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

when the noun is

ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﺍ

in the dual suffix

ﻥﺍ

^.

Meaning

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ/ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

two big books

ِﻦْﻳَﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ِﻦْﻴَﺑﺎﺘِﻜﻟﺍ ِﻥﺍﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ِﻥﺎﺑﺎﺘِﻜﻟﺍ

two famous books

ِﻦْﻳَﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤﻟﺍ ِﻦْﻴَﺑﺎﺘِﻜﻟﺍ ِﻥﺍﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤﻟﺍ ِﻥﺎﺑﺎﺘِﻜﻟﺍ

his two famous books

ِﻦْﻳَﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤﻟﺍ ِﻪْﻴَﺑﺎﺘِﻛ ِﻥﺍﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤﻟﺍ ُﻩﺎﺑﺎﺘِﻛ

Meaning

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ/ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

two big men

ِﻦْﻳَﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ِﻦْﻴَﻠُﺟَﺮﻟﺍ ِﻥﺍﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ِﻥﻼُﺟَﺮﻟﺍ

two famous actors

ِﻦْﻳَﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤـﻟﺍ ِﻦْﻴَﻠﱢﺜَﻤُﻤـﻟﺍ ِﻥﺍﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤـﻟﺍ ِﻥﻼﱢﺜَﻤُﻤـﻟﺍ

its two famous actors

ِﻦْﻳَﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤـﻟﺍ ِﻪْﻴَﻠﱢﺜَﻤُﻣ ِﻥﺍﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤـﻟﺍ ُﻩﻼﱢﺜَﻤُﻣ

20

Adjectives:

agreement with nouns

130

Meaning

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ/ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

the two large women

ﻦْﻴَﺗﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ِﻦْﻴَﺗﺃﺮﻤﻟﺍ ِﻥﺎﺗﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ِﻥﺎﺗﺃﺮﻤﻟﺍ

the two famous actresses

ِﻦْﻴَﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤـﻟﺍ ِﻦْﻴَﺘَﻠﱢﺜَﻤُﻤـﻟﺍ ِﻥﺎﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤـﻟﺍ ِﻥﺎﺘَﻠﱢﺜَﻤُﻤـﻟﺍ

his two famous actresses

ِﻦْﻴَﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤـﻟﺍ ِﻪْﻴَﺘَﻠﱢﺜَﻤُﻣ ِﻥﺎﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤـﻟﺍ ُﻩﺎﺘَﻠﱢﺜَﻤُﻣ

The adjective is

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

when the noun is

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﻱ

in the dual suffix

ﻦﻳ

^.

The adjective is

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

when the noun is

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﻱ

in the dual suffix

ﻦﻳ

^.

Feminine defi nite Human

Non-human

Meaning

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ/ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

the two big tables

ِﻦْﻴَﺗﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ِﻦْﻴَﺘﻟِﻭﺎﻄﻟﺍ ِﻥﺎﺗﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ِﻥﺎﺘﻟِﻭﺎﻄﻟﺍ

the two famous bookstores

ِﻦْﻴَﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤﻟﺍ ِﻦْﻴَﺘﺒَﺘﻜَﻤﻟﺍ ِﻥﺎﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤﻟﺍ ِﻥﺎﺘﺒَﺘﻜَﻤﻟﺍ

his two famous bookstores

ِﻦْﻴَﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤﻟﺍ ِﻪْﻴَﺘﺒَﺘﻜَﻣ ِﻥﺎﺗﺭﻮﻬﺸَﻤﻟﺍ ُﻩﺎﺘﺒَﺘﻜَﻣ

Number: the adjective is dual because the noun is dual.

Gender: the adjective is feminine because the noun is feminine; so marked by the feminine marker

ﺕ

^.

Definiteness: the adjective is definite because the noun is definite; so marked by a definite article

ﻝﺍ

, or by being a first term of an ’idafa. In an ’idafa, the

ﻥ

of the dual suffix

ﻥﺍ

^or

ﻦﻳ

is dropped.

Case: in the dual, there is no distinction in case marking between the

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

^{, and the}

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

. See Case marking by letters.

The adjective is

ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

when the noun is

ﻉﻮﻓﺮَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﺍ

in the dual suffix

ﻥﺍ

^.

The adjective is

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

when the noun is

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﻱ

in the dual suffix

ﻦﻳ

^.

The adjective is

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

when the noun is

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

; so marked by the letter

ﻱ

in the dual suffix

ﻦﻳ

^.

131

Adjectives:

agreement with nouns in the dual

Summary of adjectival agreement in the dual

In the dual, irrespective of whether the noun is human or non-human, the adjec-tive agrees with the noun in number, definiteness, gender, and case.

Indefi nite masculine dual: human and non-human Number: the adjective is dual because the noun is dual.

Gender: the adjective is masculine because the noun is masculine.

Definiteness: the adjective is indefinite because the noun is indefinite.

Case: in the dual, there is no distinction in case marking between the

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

^{, and the}

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

. See Case marking by letters.

Indefi nite feminine dual: human and non-human Number: the adjective is dual because the noun is dual.

Gender: the adjective is feminine because the noun is feminine; so marked by the feminine marker

ﺕ

^.

Definiteness: the adjective is indefinite because the noun is indefinite.

Case: in the dual, there is no distinction in case marking between the

ﺏﻮﺼﻨَﻣ

^{, and the}

ﺭﻭﺮﺠَﻣ

. See Case marking by letters.

Defi nite masculine dual: human and non-human

The adjective agrees with the noun in number, definiteness, gender, and case.

Number: the adjective is dual because the noun is dual.

Gender: the adjective is masculine because the noun is masculine.

Definiteness: the adjective is definite because the noun is definite, so marked by a definite article

ﻝﺍ

, or by being the first term of an ’idafa. In an

’idafa, the

ﻥ

of the dual suffix

ﻥﺍ

^or

ﻦﻳ

is dropped.

20

In document BOLETÍN OFICIAL DO PARLAMENTO DE GALICIA Número 423 VII lexislatura 4 de outubro de 2007 (página 40-61)