Hipótesis integrada de los PGMs

Discoveries over the last twenty years show that endocytosis is far more involved than molecule absorption and a more precise definition of cellular activity is given by Sigismund et al. as:

A vast program, deeply ingrained in the cellular master plan and inextricably intertwined with signalling, which constitutes the major communications

infrastructure in the cell. As such, it governs almost all aspects of the relationships of

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the cell with the extracellular environment and of intracellular communication. Its evolution constitutes, arguably, the major driving force in the evolution of

prokaryotic to eukaryotic organisms.”

(Sigismund et al., 2012)

Cell signalling events in living cells are described as semiotic, as the biological information is decoupled from its matter and energy. Cellular advancement is influenced by opportunities in the environment, but mainly by signalling events, where the system can modify or rewrite its own rules (Navarro, Goni-Moreno, & Marijuan, 2010) to meet the demands of the environment. It is a physical information system: that is information that alters molecular interaction and creates mechanical outcomes. The level of complexity of information being discovered supports physical intelligence within living systems other that just at a human level. The decision processes of cells follow

thermodynamic principles, and this also suggests that the best descriptions of some forms of energy flow are not primarily as a commodity but as a connection between the material and the living. That connectivity is being explored in research that is advancing information science, identifying the structure of information needs and the nature of signalling within cells (Del Moral, Navarro, & Marijuan, 2014a; Marijuan, 2009).

Transport systems help maintain the persistence and identity of living entities themselves, and in their relationship with their environment, and with other entities that so defines them. Transport does this by facilitating the movement of materials and energy and guided by information about the environment received through communication. Transport is therefore requisite to maintaining the organisation of living and non-living systems as both are dependent on outside energy fluxes to maintain their identity as a locally reduced entropy state.

Marijuan suggests that the deeper understanding of the level of transport and communication offers a way to merge the descriptive intention of autocatakinesis, along with other descriptors such as self-transcendence, autopoiesis, and autogenesis into one project where ‘we may say that the living existence is informational’ (Marijuan, 2009, p. 371). Energy flows and with signals from molecular structures that produce ‘meaning’ offer blueprint information for autocatakinesis and similar mechanisms. Marijuan believes that what is being discovered and reflected in the precise definition given by Sigismund above, could lead to a transition in the understanding of transport, communications and the informational content in cells, similar to that made when science and technology collectively unlocked an understanding thermodynamic flows and properties of heat and irradiative energy as well discoveries of quantum mechanics (Marijuan, 2009). Sigismund et al.

(2012) are discovering things that are difficult to reconcile with the traditional view of cell operation which is understandable as the model under scrutiny is one that has its roots in the technical understanding of cells available in the 1830’s. The complexity of cellular signalling, messaging, regulation, molecular machines, and self-assembling complexes is stimulating questions about what the new bio information means, and so is an area of growing interest (Sigismund et al., 2012). Research that focuses on regulatory actions that guide the overall network and movements between the inside and outside of the cell is revealing new dimensions of bio information over and above research into expression of individual genes. An example of this is the Endocytosis

Transcriptional Regularity (ETR) Network of M. tuberculosis shown in Figure 32 that covers about 35% of the genome (Navarro & Marijuan, 2011). There is a clearly hierarchical organisation in the structure that contains various discreet communities that are in communication with each other. Marijuan says that a simple change at one point can change a vast array of functions and activities.

Note that this network pattern has a similarity to shipping network10 _{as shown in Figure 33, being}

flight scheduling for part of the USA airspace covering the activities of two airlines. The idea of a simple change in this instant could be the closing of an airport by fog requiring diversions and the implementation of other activities like bus trips between airports, accommodation near the airport

10 _{For an interesting set of hand drawn airline networks showing a similar abstract architecture and hand drawn}

by Jim Liu see https://news.airtreks.com/2009/11/hand-drawn-airline-route-maps-by-jim-liu/.

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and information to affected passengers. To make networks like these operate requires signalling guidance to put route plans into action in response to changes and emergencies.

It seems that the systems in cells that can react to specific events in the environment require more than a source of energy for the complex life-cycle reaction to continue. There also must be a continuous flow of information about the environment to keep structures in a permanent state of

flow through storage, waste removal, and process management that have commonality to self- organising systems. Cells appear to be able to ‘grab’ or ‘abduct’ information from the environment and make ‘distinctions on the adjacent’ (Marijuan, 2009) or a new level, or even dimension, of informational integration within living systems and their immediate environments. The

development within science of a ‘composite informational construction’ of information activity indicates a role that is much more than isolated bits of information or signals sent and received to one that is more like a co creation of information driven integrated adaptation of entities within environmental entities. Research like this is leading to a new way of understanding how bacteria interact with entities in the world. It is as a proto-phenomenon of biological information and this seems consistent with modern developments of transport entities as parts of a larger

conglomeration of logistics, communications storage and response systems within the communities served. By using the tools of systems biology and network science we can start to translate the whole conceptual cluster around information in rather precise molecular terms.

Our understanding of information and guidance towards a more genuine informational approach to science may be aided by making sense of biological information systems, and the role transport has in those systems. It seems that cells operate is as a collective problem solving dynamic structure

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