I. INTRODUCCIÓN
1.6 Hipótesis
Clinicians can feel confident that the unconscious is "evidence based"—that referring to complex thoughts and feelings that appear to organize a patient's behavior outside of the person's awareness cannot be rejected out of hand on scientific grounds.
There is a range of excellent and internally coherent models that specify the kinds of thoughts and feelings outside a person's awareness that specific mental disorders might entail. There seems to be little reason for favoring any one over any of the others from the perspective of clinical work.
The theoretical models come together in highlighting the significance of mental disorders of early development, current and past relationships with attachment figures, imagination and fantasy (particularly in relation to mental states), and enduring mental structures that derive from these experiences.
Whereas the late 1980s and early 1990s saw, to some degree, a convergence of models around the so-called Object Relations School of theory, early twenty-first-century dynamic theory has seen a divergence in views. Therapists who focus on facets of the relationships that the patient brings to therapy are more concerned with the experiencing of these relationships than with the understanding that an insightful therapist could offer.
The interface of psychiatry with neuroscience might create a new role for psychodynamic therapists as experts in the social aspects of brain function, at least at the phenotypic level. These findings need to be reflected on rather than simply incorporated into psychoanalytic theories wholesale either as supporting evidence or as indications of the complexity of the phenomena under scrutiny.
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