Identidad vs Identidad virtual

PAL.CLASS.: 31.5

1) * Bushes with Pinus mugo and Rhododendron hirsutum

(Mugo-Rhododendretum hirsuti)

2) Ligneous dwarf formations with Pinus mugo and Rhododendron hirsutum ranging from heath (Erica herbacea) to open forest, on neutro-basic and often calcareous soils of the sub-Alpine level

(Mugo-Rhododendretum hirsuti).

3) Plants: Pinus mugo, Rhododendron chamaecistus, R. hirsutum.

4) Geographical distribution: Alps (Austria, France, Germany, Italy) and Apennines.

Corresponding category of the German Biotoptypen: "6905 Alpenrosengebiisch", "6904 Latschengebiisch".

31.622

Sub-Arctic willow scrub

NATURA 2000 c o d e

: 4080

1) Sub-Arctic willow scrub

2) Subarctic willow formations of the Highlands of Scotland, of the mountains of Iceland and of the mountains of Scandinavia (often along brooks), European Russia, Siberia, northern China, Korea and Japan.

3) Plants: Salix lapponum, S. lanata, S. arbuscula, S. myrsinites, S. glauca.

4) Geographical distribution: Finland, Sweden, United Kingdom.

Corresponding category in the United Kingdom National Vegetation Classification: "W20 Salix lapponum-Luzula sylvatica scrub".

Corresponding category of the Nordic vegetation types: "127 Videvegetation".

31.5

31.7

Endemic oro-Mediterranean heaths with gorse

NATURA 2000 c o d e :

4090

1) Endemic oro-Mediterranean heaths with gorse

2) Primary cushion heaths of the high, dry mountains of the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian regions, with low, cushion-forming, often spiny shrubs, such as Accmtholimon, Astragalus, Erinacea, Vella, Bupleurum, Ptilotrichum, Genista, Echinospartum, Anthyllis and various composites and labiates; secondary, zoogenic cushion heaths of the same regions, either downslope extensions of the high- altitude formations, and dominated by the same species, or specifically montane or steppic, often Genista-dominated in the Mediterranean region. Excluded are cushion-heaths of thermo- Mediterranean lowlands (33) and of deserts and semideserts (7).

3) Plants: 31.71 - Echinospartum horridum; 31.72 - Echinospartum lusitanicum ssp. barnadesii, E. ibericum ssp. pulviniformis\ 31.73 - Erinacea anthyllis, Vella spinosa, Astragalus sempervirens ssp.

nevadensis, A. granatensis ssp. granatensis (A. boissieri), Ptilotrichum spinosum, Bupleurum spinosum, Genista baetica\ 31.74 - Erinacea anthyllis, Vella spinosa, Andryala agardhii, Convolvulus boissieri, Hippocrepis squamata ssp. eriocarpa, Pterocephalus spathulatus, Thymus granatensis', 31.75 - Astragalus sirinicus ssp. genargenteus, Rosa seraphini, Anthyllis hermanniae, Thymus herba-barona, Cerastium boissieri, Genista salzmannii, G. corsica, Berberis aetnensis, Prunus prostrata, Daphne oleoides\ 31.76 - Astragalus granatensis ssp. siculus, Berberis aetnensis, Juniperus hemisphaerica, Genista aetnensis, Adenocarpus bivonae, Viola aethnensis\ 31.77 -

Astragalus granatensis ssp. nebrodensis, A. parnassi ssp. calabrus, A. sirinicus ssp. sirinicus, Genista cupanii, G. sylvestris ssp. dalmatica\ 31.78 - Astragalus angustifolius\ 31.79 - Astragalus creticus ssp. rumelicus, A. parnassi, A. angustifolius\ 31.7A - Astragalus angustifolius, Minuartia stellata\ 31.7B - Astragalus creticus ssp. creticus, A. angustifolius, Chamaecytisus creticus', 31.7C -

Astragalus creticus var. samius, A. pilodes, A. trojanus var. chius, A. parnassi, A. p. var.

samothracius, A. monachorum\ 31.7D - Genista acanthoclada; 31.7E - Astragalus sempervirens ssp.

sempervirens, A. s. ssp. muticus, A. s. ssp. cephalonicus; 31.7F - Spartocytisus supranubius, Adenocarpus viscosus var. spartioides.

4) Geographical distribution: France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain The following sub-types are included:

31.71 Pyrenean hedgehog-heaths. Junipero-Genistetum horridae.

Echinospartum horridum formations of dry slopes of the supra-Mediterranean zone of the southern Pyrenees; accompanying the dense, spiny cushions are Juniperus hemisphaerica, Buxus sempervirens, Ononis fruticosa, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi ssp. crassifolia and Pinus sylvestris.

31.72 Cordilleran hedgehog-heaths. Cytiso oromediterranei-Echinospartetum barnadesii, Echinosparto pulviniformis-Cytisetum oromediterranei, Teucrii salviastri-Echinospartetum pulviniformis, Genisto hystricis-Echinospartetum lusitanici

Formations of the Cordillera Central and adjacent areas dominated by diverse forms of

Echinospartum.

31.73 Nevadan hedgehog-heaths. Erinacetalia p., Lavandulo-Genistion boissieri p.

Highly developed hedgehog formations of the Sierra Nevada with Erinacea anthyllis, Vella spinosa, Astragalus sempervirens ssp. nevadensis, A. granatensis ssp. granatensis (A. boissieri), Ptilotrichum spinosum, Bupleurum spinosum, Genista baetica. Associated dwarf suffrutescent formations of high slopes and crests.

Expanses of small, compact bushes with Astragalus sirinicus ssp. genargenteus, Rosa seraphini, Anthyllis hermanniae, Thymus herba-barona, Cerastium boissieri, Genista salzmannii, G. corsica, ,

Berberis aetnensis, Prunus prostrata and Daphne oleoides, of Sardinian and Corsican mountains. 31.76 Mount Etna hedgehog-heaths. Astragaletum siculi

Lava-colonising formations with cushions of Astragalus granatensis ssp. siculus, Berberis aetnensis, Juniperus hemisphaerica, Genista aetnensis, Adenocarpus bivonae, Viola aethnensis.

31.77 Madonie and Apennine hedgehog-heaths

Hedgehog-heaths formed by Astragalus spp. or Genista spp., of the mountains of the southern Italian peninsula and Sicily, except Etna.

31.78 Helleno-Balkanic sylvatic Astragalus hedgehog-heaths

Hedgehog-heaths occupying situations peripheral to the main range of the alti- and oro- Mediterranean hedgehog-heath communities of high Hellenic mountains (31.79 and 31.7A), mostly dominated by Astragalus angustifolius, characteristic, in particular, of zoogenous clearings within the forest belt of southern Greek mountains and of regions of irradiation of Mediterranean communities within the hills and mountains of the Moesian zone.

31.79 Hellenic oro-Mediterranean hedgehog-heaths. Daphno-Festucetea: Eryngio-Bromion p. Hedgehog-heaths developed on relatively humus-rich rendziniform soils at or above treeline, in the

1700-2200 m altitudinal range of high Greek mountains; hedgehog-heath facies of associated grasslands; similar, impoverished formations descending into the forest belts of the same mountains, with the exception of those of the Peloponnese, where they are replaced by distinctive formations, listed under 31.78.

31.7A Hellenic alti-Mediterranean hedgehog-heaths. Daphno-Festucetea: Astragalo-Seslerion

Shrubby formations of the high mountains of the Peloponnese, of the southern mainland Greek mountains and of the Thessalian Olympus system, colonising the altitudinal range immediately above that occupied by the communities of 31.79, as well as stony slopes with shallow soil, loose screes and humus-deficient soils within the main 1700-2200 m range of these communities. Included are true spiny hedgehog-heaths, cushiony formations of dwarf suffrutescents and bush-dominated facies of stripped grasslands. Astragalus angustifolius, Acantholimon androsaceum, Astragalus lacteus, Convolvulus cochlearis, Rindera graeca, Aster alpinus, Globularia stygia, Minuartia stellata, Erysimum pusillum, Thymus teucrioides, Alyssum kionae, Paronychia kapela, Thymus hirsutus, Anthyllis aurea, Achillea ageratifolia, Sideritis scardica, Linum flavum, Thymus boissieri, Sesleria caerulans are characteristic.

31.7B Cretan hedgehog-heaths. Saturejetea spinosae

Hedgehog-heaths of high mountains of Crete, in the 1500-2500 m altitudinal range, with Astragalus creticus ssp. creticus, A. angustifolius, Acantholimon androsaceum, Atraphaxis billardieri, Berberis cretica, Chamaecytisus creticus, Daphne oleoides, Prunus prostrata, Euphorbia acanthothamnos, Verbascum spinosum, Sideritis syriaca, Satureja spinosa, Asperula idaea, Rhamnus prunifolius, Pimpinella tragium, Acinos alpinus.

31.7C Aegean summital hedgehog-heaths

Isolated, endemic-rich, mostly summital hedgehog-heaths of calcareous mountains of Aegean islands and Mount Athos.

31,7D Southern Hellenic Genista acanthoclada hedgehog-heaths

Formations dominated by hemispherical shrubs of Genista acanthoclada of the middle levels (about 800 - 1200 m) of mountains and plateaux of the Peloponnese.

Astragalus sempervirens ssp. sempervirens, ssp. muticus, ssp. cephalonicus formations of the southern Alps, the eastern Pyrenees, Iberia, the Apennines and Greece, transitional between the alpine and sub-alpine heaths of 31.4 and the true Mediterranean hedgehog-heaths of 31.7.

31.7F Canarian cushion-heaths. Spartocytision nubigeni

Open formations dominated by broom-like plants of the montane zone (above 1900 m) of the Canary Islands, with many endemic species.