Identificación de las áreas relevantes, variables y objetivos

UNIT 3 PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF

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Too many Cooperative Training Institutions with some operating with less their capacity:

One of the problems is that there are too many Cooperative training institutions in Nigeria than are actually needed. The fact still remains that very little fraction of the Nigerian populace embrace Cooperation.

Hence embarking on Cooperative Education via formal Cooperative Institutions more than there is a demand for is a wasteful exercise.

The opportunity given to each state to establish its Cooperative College (if it so wishes) had contributed to the fact that some Colleges admit students far less than what they require in an academic year. In some cases also, many of such institutions may not haw a single student in an academic year because of non-patronage. While there is low patronage in some Cooperative Institutions some receive applications far more than what they can admit. The latest development is that the Certificate course in Cooperatives in all Cooperative Colleges has been discontinued. This is so because some of these schools/collages are ill equipped and cannot cater for the needs of students/learners. The few that are equipped admit few number of students far beneath their capacity.

Cooperative Textbooks are difficult to come by:

Nigeria is at the moment witnessing a period when indigenous textbook are few, because only few Nigerian authors write on Cooperatives.

When they write, they have little or no fund to publish them. Also, imported Cooperative Text books are difficult to get and when they are available, they are very expensive. In addition to the above, most Cooperative Institutions have poorly equipped libraries. Books in many of the libraries are old and outdated.

To compound these problems, many primary Cooperative Societies, Secondary Societies and even the apex organizations have no libraries or shelves on Cooperative books.

May I state here that majority of the Cooperators in Nigeria cannot read and write in English which most of these textbooks are written. This is a great hindrance to Cooperative Education and the greatest hindrance is that Nigerians don't have a reading culture.

Few qualified trainers in Cooperative Subjects/shortage of Manpower

Qualified Trainers in Cooperative Subjects are few relative to the demand for them. In many cases, people that are not qualified to train or impart Cooperative Education are doing so presently because there

are insufficient trainers in Nigeria.

Weak position of Cooperative Unions and Federation

Cooperative members‘ education is expected to be the main responsibility of the state Cooperative unions/federations. However, many have neither the funds nor the personnel to ensure effective execution of this programme.

Shortage of fund

Funds provided for membership education is usually a paltry sum and therefore inadequate to sponsor education programmes adequately.

Though, the Cooperative regulation stipulates that all Cooperative societies must keep part of their surplus as education fund so as to use it to train their members; in many cases, this education fund is only on paper and cannot be easily accessed or converted into cash. The result of this is that the cooperative society cannot use the money to train their members. Apart from the above mentioned fact, some Cooperative do not make surplus at all let alone have a reserved funds for educating members.

Attitude of Members

Many members sometimes give themselves and others the impression that they have joined Cooperative to please the Government. At times Cooperatives are regarded as Government Organization to be funded and administered by the Government.

In another vein people are encouraged or educated to form or join Cooperatives so that they may be able to get essential social basic benefits, commodities and loans from the Government. It is clear that people are mis-educated, thus to revert the belief and the mentality to the right path is a difficult task.

Supply of Training Equipment and Facilities

In Cooperative Training Institutions there is short supply of Training Equipment and other training facilities. Training equipment like audiovisual aids, internet facilities, power point computers, overhead projector, slide-projectors, flip chart boards, etc. are difficult to come by. In some areas, there are hardly suitable accommodations for Cooperative Membership Education.

Many Students attending Cooperative Institutions tend to read

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Cooperative Programme as last resort

Many school certificate graduates resolve to attend the formal Cooperative Training Institutions as a last resort. This is to say that if they had better results, they would have preferred other institutions or other courses. As a result of this, after their graduation they slip off Cooperative line with the slightest opportunity.

Co-operators have been used to free Cooperative Education:

Cooperators especially at the grassroots level had been used to free Cooperative education in the form of seminars, workshops-conferences, Congresses, symposia e.t.c. In the past when these trainings were taking place, the Cooperators were usually given free accommodation; free food and even they were usually paid kilometre allowances depending on the distance between where they came from and the venue of the training. Nowadays, when free education is no more available, it tends to be difficult to convince them to pay for Cooperative Education.

Unwillingness to release Cooperative Staff for Cooperative Training Many Cooperative Societies are unwilling to release any of their staff for Cooperative training because they feel it would be an opportunity for them to look for greener pasture after the completion of the education.

Some other Societies feel nobody would be doing the officer's job while he/she is away on course hence should stay put on the job. Another reason

for this is that the societies do not want to spend any money on their staff to improve them. On the other side, the members of staff themselves do not want to leave their seat for any Cooperative Education because while they are away, likely issue of fraud may occur. Misappropriation of funds or embezzlement may be discovered.

Others feel they are indispensable that no one can do their job while they are away.

3.2 Problems of Cooperative and Agricultural Extension in