3. Metodolog´ıa
5.5. Implementaci´ on del FCP
Future work consists in computing the study of the impacts of the restoration project on
the Nile delta. A model of delta morphodynamics that concurrently predicts delta
progradation and channel geometry has been developed. The model is validated against
field data collected by the Nile Research Insitute on the HAD Reservoir delta, i.e., a delta
that is naturally forming upstream of the High Aswan Dam. The model is modified to
account for the effect of waves, subsidence, and sea level rise and will be applied to study
the impacts of the proposed restoration project on the Nile delta in the Mediterranean Sea
when the data become available.
Our hypothesis is that coastal erosion and ecosystem deterioration on the Nile delta
can be reduced, if not reversed, by means of controlled flow and sediment releases from
the two Aswan dams. In particular, the restoration of a semi-natural flow hydrograph
combined with the sediment releases will re-establish a) sediment deposition on the delta
plain to mitigate relative sea level rise, subsidence, and wave action; b) sediment
transport to the Mediterranean Sea to reduce coastal erosion; c) sufficient influx of water
to the delta to reduce the high level of salt and pollutants throughout the system, prevent
and reverse canal siltation by effectively transporting fine sediment to the Mediterranean
Sea; and d) a healthy deltaic ecosystem that may keep up with the predicted rates of
relative sea level rise. It is important to mention that the sustainability of this project,
however, strongly depends on the present and future water needs in the Nile River basin.
Further, the following future investigations are recommended for additional studies
• determine the effects of vegetation on time sediment trapping rate in the system, i.e., in both channel and the delta;
• develop two- or three- dimensional computational models to estimate the local impacts of all type of barrage structures on the Nile River;
• account for the additional storage volumes of water that are available upstream of the major barrages along the modeled reach beside water that can clawed back
from other users as additional water supplies, these volumes can also be used with
an sufficient management during the proposed restoration project because of one
of the main objectives of the barrages is to conserve water;
• modify the delta model into a fan delta model, because of the Nile delta is fan shaped delta;
• modify the delta model to account for the hydrograph to apply for the restoration project of the delta restoration;
• the study provides a blueprint for addressing similar problems in other dammed rivers within the region, such as the Tigris-Euphrates Rivers-Delta in Iraq since
the lower of Tigris-Euphrates valley has lost millions of acres of wetland areas in
the delta region and converted into saltpans and sabkhas due to the deficit in
sediment and fresh water and that resulted in increased salinity in the wetland
areas. The Tigris-Euphrates Rivers-Delta system is also controlled by other
external forces such as tides and wind; thus, in order to apply our model to this
system, the model has to be modified account for other external forcings such as
tides and wind. Moreover, this system is significantly controlled by several
in this dissertation can be seen, further, as a tool to assess the sustainability of
large-scale regulated rivers management practices, and restoration projects for
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