Incidencia de la actividad en el medio

(d) All of the following are state priorities:

(1) The degree to which the teachers of the school district are appropriately assigned in accordance with Section 44258.9, and fully credentialed in the subject areas, and, for the pupils they are teaching, every pupil in the school district has suffi cient access to the standards-aligned instructional materials as determined pursuant to Section 60119, and school facilities are maintained in good repair, as defi ned in subdivision (d) of Section 17002.

(2) Implementation of the academic content and performance standards adopted by the state board, includ- ing how the programs and services will enable English learners to access the common core academic content standards adopted pursuant to Section 60605.8 and the English language development standards adopted pursuant to former Section 60811.3, as that section read on June 30, 2013, or Section 60811.4, for purposes of gaining academic content knowledge and English language profi ciency.

(3) Parental involvement, including efforts the school district makes to seek parent input in making decisions for the school district and each individual schoolsite, and including how the school district will promote paren- tal participation in programs for unduplicated pupils and individuals with exceptional needs.

(4) Pupil achievement, as measured by all of the following, as applicable:

(A) Statewide assessments administered pursuant to Article 4 (commencing with Section 60640) of Chapter 5 of Part 33 or any subsequent assessment, as certifi ed by the state board.

(B) The Academic Performance Index, as described in Section 52052.

(C) The percentage of pupils who have successfully completed courses that satisfy the requirements for entrance to the University of California and the California State University, or career technical education se- quences or programs of study that align with state board-approved career technical education standards and Charter school loans

Section 1042

Additional powers (cont’d)

County superintendent actions

No more than one loan per fi scal year

Annual report

Section 52060(d) State Priorities

frameworks, including, but not limited to, those described in subdivision (a) of Section 52302, subdivision (a) of Section 52372.5, or paragraph (2) of subdivision (e) of Section 54692.

(D) The percentage of English learner pupils who make progress toward English profi ciency as measured by the California English Language Development Test or any subsequent assessment of English profi ciency, as certifi ed by the state board.

(E) The English learner reclassifi cation rate.

(F) The percentage of pupils who have passed an advanced placement examination with a score of 3 or higher.

(G) The percentage of pupils who participate in, and demonstrate college preparedness pursuant to, the Early Assessment Program, as described in Chapter 6 (commencing with Section 99300) of Part 65 of Divi- sion 14 of Title 3, or any subsequent assessment of college preparedness.

(5) Pupil engagement, as measured by all of the following, as applicable: (A) School attendance rates.

(B) Chronic absenteeism rates.

(C) Middle school dropout rates, as described in paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 52052.1. (D) High school dropout rates.

(E) High school graduation rates.

(6) School climate, as measured by all of the following, as applicable: (A) Pupil suspension rates.

(B) Pupil expulsion rates.

(C) Other local measures, including surveys of pupils, parents, and teachers on the sense of safety and school connectedness.

(7) The extent to which pupils have access to, and are enrolled in, a broad course of study that includes all of the subject areas described in Section 51210 and subdivisions (a) to (i), inclusive, of Section 51220, as ap- plicable, including the programs and services developed and provided to unduplicated pupils and individuals with exceptional needs, and the programs and services that are provided to benefi t these pupils as a result of the funding received pursuant to Section 42238.02, as implemented by Section 42238.03.

(8) Pupil outcomes, if available, in the subject areas described in Section 51210 and subdivisions (a) to (i), inclusive, of Section 51220, as applicable.

INDEPENDENT STUDY LAW & REGULATIONS Education Code

(a) Commencing with the 1990-91 school year, the governing board of a school district or a county offi ce of education may offer independent study to meet the educational needs of pupils in accordance with the requirements of this article. Educational opportunities offered through independent study may include, but shall not be limited to, the following:

(1) Special assignments extending the content of regular courses of instruction.

(2) Individualized study in a particular area of interest or in a subject not currently available in the regular school curriculum.

(3) Individualized alternative education designed to teach the knowledge and skills of the core curriculum. Independent study shall not be provided as an alternative curriculum.

(4) Continuing and special study during travel.

(5) Volunteer community service activities and leadership opportunities that support and strengthen pupil achievement.

(b) Not more than 10 percent of the pupils participating in an opportunity school or program, or a continua- tion high school, calculated as specifi ed by the department, shall be eligible for apportionment credit for inde- pendent study pursuant to this article. A pupil who is pregnant or is a parent who is the primary caregiver for one or more of his or her children shall not be counted within the 10 percent cap.

(c) An individual with exceptional needs, as defi ned in Section 56026, shall not participate in independent study, unless his or her individualized education program developed pursuant to Article 3 (commencing with Section 56340) of Chapter 4 of Part 30 specifi cally provides for that participation.

(d) A temporarily disabled pupil shall not receive individual instruction pursuant to Section 48206.3 through independent study.

(e) No course included among the courses required for high school graduation under Section 51225.3 shall be offered exclusively through independent study.

(a)(1) The ratio of average daily attendance for independent study pupils 18 years of age or less to school district full-time equivalent certifi cated employees responsible for independent study, for the applicable grade span, calculated as specifi ed by the department, shall not exceed the equivalent ratio of pupils to full-time certifi cated employees for all other educational programs operated by the school district for the applicable grade span, unless a new higher or lower grade span ratio for all other educational programs offered within respective grade span is negotiated in a collective bargaining agreement or a memorandum of understanding is entered into that indicates an existing collective bargaining agreement contains an alternative grade span ratio for the applicable grade span. The ratio of average daily attendance for independent study pupils 18 years of age or less to county offi ce of education full-time equivalent certifi cated employees responsible for independent study, for the applicable grade span, to be calculated in a manner prescribed by the department, shall not exceed the equivalent ratio of pupils to full-time certifi cated employees for all other educational programs operated by the high school or unifi ed school district with the largest average daily attendance

Section 52060(d) State Priorities (cont’d)

Section 51745 Independent study authorized; curriculum; restrictions

Section 51745.6

Ratio of independent study pupils to certifi cated employees responsible for independent study

of pupils in that county for the applicable grade span, unless a higher or lower grade span ratio for all other educational programs offered within the respective grade span is negotiated in a collective bargaining agree- ment or a memorandum of understanding is entered into that indicates an existing collective bargaining agreement contains an alternative grade span ratio for the applicable grade span. The computation of the ratios shall be performed annually by the reporting agency at the time of, and in connection with, the second principal apportionment report to the Superintendent.

(2) For purposes of this section, the following grade spans shall apply: (A) Kindergarten and grades 1 to 3, inclusive.

(B) Grades 4 to 6, inclusive. (C) Grades 7 to 8, inclusive. (D) Grades 9 to 12 inclusive.

(b) Only those units of average daily attendance for independent study that refl ect a pupil-teacher ratio that does not exceed the applicable grade span ratios described in subdivision (a) shall be eligible for apportion- ment pursuant to Section 2575, for county offi ces of education, and Section 42238.05, for school districts. Nothing in this section shall prevent a school district or county offi ce of education from serving additional units of average daily attendance greater than the applicable grade span ratios described in subdivision (a), except that those additional units shall not be funded pursuant to Section 2575 or 42238.05, as applicable. If a school district, charter school, or county offi ce of education has a memorandum of understanding to pro- vide instruction in coordination with the school district, charter school, or county offi ce of education at which a pupil is enrolled, then the applicable grade span ratios that shall apply for purposes of this paragraph are the ratios for the local educational agency providing the independent study program to the pupil pursuant to Section 51749.5.

(c) The calculations performed for purposes of this section shall not include either of the following:

(1) The average daily attendance generated by special education pupils enrolled in special day classes on a full-time basis, or the teachers of those classes.

(2) The average daily attendance or teachers in necessary small schools that are eligible to receive funding pursuant to Article 4 (commencing with Section 42280) of Chapter 7 of Part 24.

(d) The applicable pupils-to-certifi cated-employee grade span ratios described in subdivision (a) may, in a

charter school, be calculated by using a fi xed pupils-to-certifi cated-employee ratio of 25 to 1, or by being a ratio of less than 25 pupils per certifi cated employee. All charter school pupils, regardless of age, shall be included in the applicable pupil-to-certifi cated-employee grade span ratio calculations.

It is the intent of the Legislature that school districts and county offi ces of education offering independent study shall provide appropriate existing services and resources to enable pupils to complete their indepen- dent study successfully and shall ensure the same access to all existing services and resources in the school in which the pupil is enrolled pursuant to Section 51748 as is available to all other pupils in the school. In addition, the services and resources may include, but need not be limited to, any of the following:

(a) A designated learning center or study area staffed by appropriately trained personnel.

(b) The services of qualifi ed personnel to assess the achievement, abilities, interests, aptitudes, and needs of participating pupils to determine each of the following:

(1) Whether full-time independent study is the most appropriate alternative for the pupil being referred. (2) If the answer to paragraph (1) is affi rmative, the determination of the most appropriate individualized plan and resources to be made available to pupils enrolled in full-time independent study.

A school district or county offi ce of education shall not be eligible to receive apportionments for independent study by pupils, regardless of age, unless it has adopted written policies, and has implemented those poli- cies, pursuant to rules and regulations adopted by the Superintendent, that include, but are not limited to, all of the following:

(a) The maximum length of time, by grade level and type of program, that may elapse between the time an independent study assignment is made and the date by which the pupil must complete the assigned work. (b) The number of missed assignments that will be allowed before an evaluation is conducted to determine whether it is in the best interests of the pupil to remain in independent study, or whether he or she should return to the regular school program. A written record of the fi ndings of any evaluation made pursuant to this subdivision shall be treated as a mandatory interim pupil record. The record shall be maintained for a period of three years from the date of the evaluation and, if the pupil transfers to another California public school, the record shall be forwarded to that school.

(c) A requirement that a current written agreement for each independent study pupil shall be maintained on fi le including, but not limited to, all of the following:

(1) The manner, time, frequency, and place for submitting a pupil’s assignments and for reporting his or her progress.

(2) The objectives and methods of study for the pupil’s work, and the methods utilized to evaluate that work. (3) The specifi c resources, including materials and personnel, that will be made available to the pupil. (4) A statement of the policies adopted pursuant to subdivisions (a) and (b) regarding the maximum length of time allowed between the assignment and the completion of a pupil’s assigned work, and the number of missed assignments allowed before an evaluation of whether or not the pupil should be allowed to continue in independent study.

(5) The duration of the independent study agreement, including the beginning and ending dates for the pu- pil’s participation in independent study under the agreement. No independent study agreement shall be valid for any period longer than one school year.

Section 51745.6

Ratio of independent study pupils to certifi cated employees responsible for independent study (cont’d)

25-1 ratio

Section 51746

Services and resources

Section 51747 Apportionments for independent study require school polices

(6) A statement of the number of course credits or, for the elementary grades, other measures of academic accomplishment appropriate to the agreement, to be earned by the pupil upon completion.

(7) The inclusion of a statement in each independent study agreement that independent study is an optional educational alternative in which no pupil may be required to participate. In the case of a pupil who is referred or assigned to any school, class, or program pursuant to Section 48915 or 48917, the agreement also shall include the statement that instruction may be provided to the pupil through independent study only if the pupil is offered the alternative of classroom instruction.

(8)(A) Each written agreement shall be signed, before the commencement of independent study, by the pupil, the pupil’s parent, legal guardian, or caregiver, if the pupil is less than 18 years of age, the certifi - cated employee who has been designated as having responsibility for the general supervision of independent study, and all persons who have direct responsibility for providing assistance to the pupil. For purposes of this paragraph “caregiver” means a person who has met the requirements of Part 1.5 (commencing with Section 6550) of the Family Code.

(B) A signed written agreement may be maintained on fi le electronically.

(a) Notwithstanding any other law, a local educational agency, including, but not limited to, a charter school, may not claim state funding for the independent study of a pupil, whether characterized as home study or otherwise, if the local educational agency has provided any funds or other thing of value to the pupil or his or her parent or guardian that the local educational agency does not provide to pupils who attend regular class- es or to their parents or guardians. A charter school may not claim state funding for the independent study of a pupil, whether characterized as home study or otherwise, if the charter school has provided any funds or other thing of value to the pupil or his or her parent or guardian that a school district could not legally provide to a similarly situated pupil of the school district, or to his or her parent or guardian.

(b)(1) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of subdivision (d) of Section 47605 or any other law, and except as specifi ed in paragraph (2), community school and independent study average daily attendance shall be claimed by school districts, county superintendents of schools, and charter schools only for pupils who are residents of the county in which the apportionment claim is reported, or who are residents of a county im- mediately adjacent to the county in which the apportionment claim is reported.

(2) In additional to claiming independent study average daily attendance pursuant to paragraph (1), a vir-

tual or online charter school may also claim independent study average daily attendance for a pupil who is enrolled in the school and moves to a residence located outside the geographical boundaries of the virtual or online charter school. The virtual or online charter school may claim independent study average daily at- tendance for pupil under this paragraph only for the duration of the course or courses in which the pupil is enrolled or until the end of the school year, whichever occurs fi rst.

(c) The Superintendent shall not apportion funds for reported average daily attendance, through full-time independent study, of pupils who are enrolled in school pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 48204.

(d) In conformity with Provisions 25 and 28 of Item 6110-101-001 of Section 2.00 of the Budget Act of 1992, this section is applicable to average daily attendance reported for apportionment purposes beginning July 1, 1992. The provisions of this section are not subject to waiver by the state board, by the Superinten- dent, or under any provision of Part 26.8 (commencing with Section 47600).

(e) For purposes of this section, “virtual or online charter school” means a charter school in which at least 80

percent of teaching and pupil interaction occurs via the internet.

(f) This section shall remain in effect only until January 1, 2018, and as of that date is repealed, unless a

later enacted statute, that is enacted before January 1, 2018, deletes or extends that date.

(a) The independent study by each pupil shall be coordinated, evaluated, and, notwithstanding subdivision (a) of Section 46300, shall be under the general supervision of an employee of the school district, charter school, or county offi ce of education who possesses a valid certifi cation document pursuant to Section 44865 or an emergency credential pursuant to Section 44300, registered as required by law.

(b) School districts, charter schools, and county offi ces of education may claim apportionment credit for independent study only to the extent of the time value of pupil work products, as personally judged in each instance by a certifi cated teacher.

(c) For purposes of this section, school districts, charter schools, and county offi ces of education shall not be

required to sign and date pupil work products when assessing the time value of pupil work products for ap- portionment purposes.

School districts and county offi ces of education shall not be eligible to receive apportionment for independent study attendance by any pupil who is not otherwise identifi ed in the written records of the district or county board by grade level, program placement, and the school in which he or she is enrolled.

The Superintendent of Public Instruction, upon the next revision of the California Basic Educational Data System, or its equivalent, following the effective date of this article, shall include all data collection elements necessary to compile an annual statewide profi le of pupils participating in independent study, including data on the number and percentage of pupils pursuing their coursework through independent study who success- fully complete the requirements for a high school diploma.

The Superintendent of Public Instruction shall establish rules and regulations for the purposes of implement- ing this article.

Section 51747 Apportionments for independent study require school polices (cont’d)

Section 51747.3 No apportionment when “things of value” provided

Section 51747.5

Coordination, evaluation and supervision of

independent study; apportionment credit

Section 51748 Written records for apportionments Section 51749 Statewide profi le of independent study pupils

Section 51749.3 Rules and regulations

(a) Notwithstanding any other law, and commencing with the 2015–16 school year, a school district, charter

school, or county offi ce of education may, for pupils enrolled in kindergarten and grades 1 to 12, inclusive,