Incidencias específicas de los contratos de obras

As the section on qualitative research indicates, one source of data has been that via interviews with the personnel of the respective migrant/refugee pastoral care agencies of the Archdiocese of Perth and a few other relevant people. Thus the methodology of oral history forms another strategy in the collection and critical analysis of my research. It is a

127 _{What is often referred to as “the hermeneutical circle”, William J. Hill OP, “Theology”, The New} Dictionary of Theology, ed. Joseph A. Komonchak, Mary Collins and Dermot A. Lane (Dublin: Gill and

Macmillan, 1988, second impression), especially 1023.

128

“Personal Experience Methods” in Denzin & Lincoln, Handbook of Qualitative Research, 1994 edition, 419. “Field texts” are defined as data which is literally gathered in the field through observation, note- taking on such observation, or, in relation to my research, interviewing of personnel working in the field of migrant and refugee pastoral care.

129

Y.S Lincoln and E.G. Guba, “Paradigmatic Controversies, Contradictions and Emerging Confluences” in N.K. Denzin and Y.S. Lincoln (ed.), Handbook of Qualitative Research (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2000, second edition), see particularly 20.

methodology which reinforces the interdisciplinary nature of practical theology.130 The purpose of the interviews lies in the realization that to simply carry out an analytical survey of the relevant documentation of the agencies and bodies would only add yet another semi-assimilated layer to the already acquired understandings and descriptive analysis of Scripture and Church teaching. Because “[o]ur lives are living human documents”131 lived in relationship, to interview the protagonists in refugee/migrant pastoral care is imperative to gain a fuller understanding of how they practise their beliefs, live their faith and relate to their fellow carers and clientele in the light of their beliefs and faith. Also vital to consider, in cases where these agency personnel are Catholic and Christian, is how Scripture, Church teaching and policy affect their pastoral practice. I have already explained why it had not proved possible to interview a representative sample of the predominantly refugee clientele of the agencies.132 Notwithstanding, a strong awareness of the needs and concerns of these people, the importance of memory to them and their “silent sufferings of the inconsolable pain of the past”133 permeates the carers’ interviews.

The twenty-six interviews, mainly carried out after documentary research of the archival material of each agency had been completed, were semi-structured and gendered. In other words, the interviewee was informed of the nature and goals of the project and certain standard questions germane to the research which would be asked. The

130 _{Woodward and Pattison, “Introduction”, The Blackwell Reader, 13-16. Emmanuel Lartey, “Practical}

Theology as Theological Form” in the same Reader, 132-3, points out tht without the use of oral history the investigation of a particular pastoral practice would lack the vital element of people’s empirical experience and perception in the light of their particular religious, social and cultural contexts.

131 _{Ballard and Prichard, Practical Theology in Action, 64.} 132

See 14, footnote 52.

133

Metz, Faith in History and Society, 128. This phrase is reproduced also in Lane, Foundations for a

interviewee was given opportunity to raise issues which he/she considered relevant and there was a mutual interaction and rapport between the interviewee and the interviewer. The semi-structured nature of the interviews and the “give-and-take” between the interviewer and the interviewee during the interview mitigated what Andrea Fontana and James Fey describe as the

hierarchical relation [in a typical structured interview] with the respondent being in the subordinant position [and a situation in which] the interview takes place within the cultural boundaries of a paternalistic social system in which masculine identities are differentiated from feminine ones.134

Instead, as the interviewer, I endeavoured to “adapt to the world of the individuals and [tried] to share their concerns and outlooks.”135 One way in which this was achieved was to carry out each interview in the workplace of the interviewee wherever possible. Another way was to be sensitive to the language, culture and religious affiliation of the respondent and the agency as well as taking account of non-verbal aspects of the conversation.136 Immediately after the interview my observations during the interview were recorded, especially with regard to a seeming reluctance, hostility or hesitation in answering a particular question or discussing a specific issue.

As soon as possible after the interview a transcription was made and a copy sent to the interviewee for his/her comments, corrections or deletions. In no case was a second interview necessary. However, some clarification was occasionally solicited and given. As has been the case with archival and published documents, the transcripts, with

134 _{Andrea Fontana and James H. Fey, “Interviewing” in Denzin & Lincoln, Handbook of Qualitative} Research, 1994 edition, 369.

135

Ibid., 371.

136

These included silences, pauses, body language, variations in volume, pitch and quality of voice, emotional responses, laughter etc.

reference back to the tapes where needed, have been subject to hermeneutical and content analysis. Such analysis has been both individual and collective. With the former, narrative analysis has been important with regard to my awareness that the interviewee has shared a story about him/herself and his/her unique experiences and how this story developed during the interview. With regard to the latter – collective and comparative content analysis – it has been essential to examine the transcripts for emerging common themes as well as differences and to explore how and why the themes and differences relate to one another, i.e. what patterns are emergent. Only in one instance, where two clientele were interviewed together, has discourse analysis been applicable in terms of observing patterns of interaction between the interviewees.