PARTE EXPERIMENTAL
4.1 Instrumentación y reactivos
Karreriella microgranulosa GRAHAM, et. al. 1965, pl. 2, fig. 1
Karreriella microgranulosa Graham, et. al. -KO GBE & MEHES 1986, fig. 9
Description:
Elongate conical test, rounded in transverse section. Finely grained, white in colour. Initial trochospiral portion rapidly becomes triserial. Chambers increase in size as added, low and wide, slightly inflated in biserial portion. Sutures distinct and in the biserial portion, slightly depressed, sub-horizontal to the test wall. Aperture a small rounded opening toward the base of the inner margin of the last formed chamber.Occurrence:
Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC 128-3 between 4,720’ and 9,260, and frequently in CABGOC 115-1X between 5,820’ and 8,220’, acme at 6,540’.Remarks:
First described from the Miocene of Gabon.Karreriellacf. microgranulosaGraham, e t al.
Karreriella microgranulosa GRAHAM, et. al. 1965, pl. 2, fig. 1
Description:
Differs from the typical form in an increased Inflation of the chambers.Occurrence:
Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC 128-3 between 4,410’ and 6,920’.Karreriella subcyllndricaNuttall
Plate 16, figure 6
Karreriella subcyllndrica NUTTALL 1928, pl. 3, figs.17 -1 8
Karreriella subcyllndrica Nuttall. -CO RYELL & RIVERO 1940, pl. 43, fig. 1. -CUSHM AN & STAINFORTH 1945, pl. 2, fig. 11. -D IA Z de GAMERO 1985a, pl. 4, fig. 19. -BELLAGAMBA & COCCIONI 1990, pl. 3, figs. 9 -11. -BOLLI, et. al. 1994, pl. 62, fig. 9, pl. 81, fig. 4, pl. 87, fig. 10
Description:
Partial specimens. Tapering test, rounded periphery. Small finely grained test. High proportion of cement. Bulbous inflated chambers, depressed, curving sutures.Occurrence:
Single specimen in sample 2715 of the L wallacei Zone in Venezuela. Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC 115-1X at 5,820’.Remarks:
Diaz de Gamero (1985a) recorded this species in the older sediments of the Agua Salada Basin. Coryell and Rivero (1940) note of their Haitian specimens that they show a wide degree of variability in the biserial portion. Known from additional Miocene Venezuelan localities (Bermudez and Fuenmayor 1966). Cursory examination of faunal slides of Whittaker (1988) reveal comparable forms in the Tosagua Formation, Ecuador.Karreriella
sp. 1
Description:
Elongate taxon, bulbous. Initial triserial chambers obscure and small, later growth of four to five distinctive bulbous chambers, giving lobulate profile, chambers may overlap slightly. Sutures distinct and depressed. Fine grained, smooth wall. Aperture a simple opening.Occurrence:
Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC128-3
at10,160".
Remarks:
Single specimen.Karreriella
sp. 2
Description:
Short tapering test, triangular profile. Rounded periphery, widest at apertural end. Initial chambers indistinct, later become inflated and increase in size as added, low and broad. Sutures distinct and depressed. Aperture a simple interiomarginal opening.Occurrence:
Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC128-3
at5,240"
and6,140".
Karreriella
sp. 3
Description:
Poorly preserved individual tentatively placed in the genus.Occurrence:
Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC 115-1X at 6,780".Remarks:
Single specimen.Genus MARTINOTTIELLA Cushman, 1933 MartlnotUella communis(d'Orbigny)
Piate 16, figure 9; Piate 71, figures 2 - 3
Clavullna communis d'Orbigny 1846, pl. 12, figs. 1 - 2
Clavulina communis d’Orbigny. -CUSHMAN 1921, pl. 31, fig. 1. -CUSHMAN & JARVIS 1930, pl. 32, fig. 4. -MACFADYEN 1930, pl. 1, fig. 9
Usterella communis (d'Orbigny). -CUSHMAN 1937, pl. 17, figs. 4 - 9
Schenckiella communis (d'Orbigny). -L E ROY 1964, pl. 1, fig. 17
Martinottiella communis (d'Orbigny). -ASANO 1950, p. 3, ftgs.16 - 17-SOUYA 1965, pl. 1. fig. 25. - POPESCU 1975, pl. 10, figs. 5 - 6. -R Ô G L 1976, pl. 4. fig. 13. -KELLER 1980, pl. 1, fig. 12. - THOMPSON 1980, pl. 8, fig. 9. -PA PP & SCHMID 1985, pl. 66. figs. 1 - 8. -BELANGER & BERGGREN
1986, pl. 1, figs. 3 - 4. -BOERSMA 1986, pl. 3, fig. 5. -OSTERMAN & QVALE 1989, pl. 5, fig. 3. - CHARNOCK & JONES 1990, pl. 12, figs. 1 0 - 1 1 , pl. 25, fig. 2. -SPROVIERI & HASEGAWA 1990, pl. 1, fig. 5. -KA IH O 1992, pl. 1, fig. 17. -KATO 1992, pl. 1. fig. 5. -NO M URA 1992, pl. 1, figs. 5 - 9 - BORNMALM 1997, fig. 13H. -FO RESI, e t al 1997, pl. 3, figs. 6 - 8. -CICHA, e t al. 1998, pl. 9, figs. 6 - 7
Description: Test free, elongate, circular in cross section. Early chambers trochospiral, reducing to triserial and uniserial in the adult form. Initial portion tapered. Sutures indistinct in early portion, depressed in uniserial part. Uniserlal chambers increase gradually in size as added, slightly inflated. Sutures distinct and slightly depressed. Wall finely grained, although occasional coarser adventitious material occurs in some specimens. Wall perforate. Aperture terminal, a small round opening with produced lip in centre of last formed chamber.
Occurrence: In Venezuela occurs intermittently throughout the section. Acme occurrences at sample 2618 of the G. fohsi Zone and sample 2710 of the S. transversa Zone. Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC 115-1X between 7,080’ and 10,020", becoming more frequent down well. Found in Costei, the Chechis Marls, and Sacel, Romania.
Remarks: First report of this species from the Agua Salada Formation. Widely distributed in Tertiary to Recent sediments of the Vienna Basin, common in the Badenian. Recognised in the Miocene of the Gulf of Suez region (Souya 1965). Specimens compare well with those of the Heron-Alien and Earland collection (P32399-32450, P32472-32499), Burrow and Holland collection (slide F, NHM), to those of the Brady collection, and Gubler collection (P33220). Cursory examination of faunal slides of Whittaker (1988) reveal comparable forms in the Tosagua, Cacelta and Viche Formations, Ecuador. In addition, comparable forms are evident in the J. Doreen collection. Recognised as a constituent of a diverse bathyal benthonic association offshore W est Africa (Haman, et. al. 1993).
Martinottiella cf. cyciostomata (Galloway & Morrey)
Vemeuilina cyciostomata GALLOWAY & MORREY 1929, pl. 5, fig. 2
Schenckiella of. cyciostomata (Galloway & Morrey). -R E N Z 1948, pl. 2, fig. 16
Martinottiella cyciostomata (Galloway & Morrey). -D IA Z de GAMERO 1985a, pl. 5, fig. 1
Description: Small conical test. Strongly tapering, rounded periphery. Initial chambers indistinct. Subsequent uniserial chambers increase rapidly in size as added, invariably deformed. Sutures depressed to flush. Wall fine grained and smooth, high proportion of cement. Aperture unobserved.
Occurrence: Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC 128-3 between 4,770’ and 10,040’. Remarks: Originally described from the Oligocene of Ecuador.
Martinottiella pallida (Cushman)
Clavulina communis var. pallida CUSHMAN 1927, pl. 2, fig. 1
Schenckiella pallida (Cushman). -R E N Z 1948, pl. 2, figs. 1 7 - 1 8
Martinottiella pallida (Cushman). -D IA Z de GAMERO 1985a, pl. 5, fig. 2. -BOLLI, et. al. 1994, pl. 76, figs. 1 9 - 2 0
Description: Test, elongate, circular in cross section. Early chambers trochospiral, reducing to triserial and uniserial in the adult form. Initial portion tapered to blunt point. Sutures indistinct, depressed in uniserial part. Uniserial chambers slightly inflated. Wall fine grained and smooth, normally of a light coloured material. Aperture terminal, a small round opening in centre of last formed chamber.
Remarks; Originally described from Recent material from the Pacific. Specimens invariably deformed. Cursory examination of faunal slides of Whittaker (1988) reveal comparable forms in the Tosagua Formation, Ecuador. Known from Miocene Venezuelan localities (Bermûdez and Fuenmayor 1966).
Martinottiella sp. 1 Plate 52, figure 10
Description: Similar to M. pallida (Cushman), but greater inflation of the uniserial chambers, and a much reduced triserial and biserial portion.
Occurrence: Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC 128-3 at 9,080’ and in CABGOC 115-1X at 3,050’.
Remarks: Single specimens.
Family TEXTULARIIDAE Ehrenberg, 1838 Subfamily TEXTULARIINAE Ehrenberg, 1838 Genus BIGENERINA d'Orbigny, 1826
Bigenerina directa Cushman & Ellisor Plate 53, figure 1; Plate 71, figures 4a, 4b
Bigenerina nodosarida var. directa CUSHMAN & ELLISOR 1939, pl. 1, fig. 5
Bigenerina nodosarida var. directa Cushman & Ellisor. -SKINNER & GLASER 1972, pl. 1, fig. 10. - SKINNER & STEINKRAUS 1972. -PO PESC U 1975, pl. 6. figs. 5 - 6
Description: Elongate slender test, moderately compressed. Uniserial portion forms majority of test, chambers inflated and distinct. Sutures depressed, aperture a terminal rounded opening with a slight neck. Differs from the typical taxon in rougher surface to the test.
Occurrence: Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC 115-1X at 6,780’. Observed in Sacel, Romania.
Remarks: Originally described from the Miocene of Louisiana. Occasionally referred to as 'Bigenerina 2 ’ (Skinner & Steinkraus 1972). Cursory examination of faunal slides of Whittaker (1988) reveal comparable forms in the Tosagua Formation, Ecuador.
B igenerina hoiiandaninae van Voorthuysen
Bigenerina nodosarida var. hoiiandaninae VAN VOORTHUYSEN 1950, pl. 1, fig. 5. textfig. 1 {fide Ellis & Messina 1940, e t seq.)
Description: Test elongate and slender. Biserial portion somewhat compressed, uniserial portion rounded profile. Chambers increase in size as added, sutures depressed and distinct. Wall finely agglutinating with large proportion of cement giving smooth appearance. Aperture terminal.
Occurrence: Single occurrence in V. herricki Zone in Venezuela.
Remarks: First report of this species from the Agua Salada Formation. Previously described from the Pliocene of the Netherlands.
Bigenerinacf. iindaeSchroeder
Bigenerina Iindae SCHROEDER 1968, pl. 1, figs. 1 8 - 2 3 {fide Ellis & Messina 1940, et. seq.)
Description:
Small, elongate test. Initial biserial portion of rapidly increasing chamber size, blunt apical end. Subsequent uniserial growth may show winding chamber arrangement. Chambers larger and bulbous. Sutures in initial growth indistinct, uniserial growth sutures depressed. Fine grained wall with high proportion of cement. Aperture a simple terminal opening.Occurrence:
Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC 115-1X at 9,180’.Remarks:
Originally described from the Triassic of Idaho.Bigenerina
sp. 1
Description:
Poorly preserved individual tentatively ascribed to the genus.Occurrence:
Offshore Cabinda found in CABGOC128-3
at6,920".
Remarks:
Single specimen.Genus TEXTULARIA Defrance, 1824 Textularia abbreviata(d’Orbigny)