ISO 9000 Principios y

Term Explanation

(Conventional) reserves Reservoirs in geological structures in which drilling has demonstrated the presence of hydrocarbons. All demonstrated reserves are included, including those for which it cannot be said with certainty whether, and if so when they will be extracted.

Balancing market The market that exists to allow the electricity network in the Netherlands to function properly (sufficient voltage and correct frequency)

Benchmark Agreement Agreement between the government and energy-intensive industry, in which industry commits itself to becoming one of the world leaders in terms of energy-efficiency no later than 2012. In exchange, the government will not impose any specific additional national measures relating to energy conservation or reduction of CO₂emissions on the participating companies.

Clean Development One of the Kyoto mechanisms designed to assist countries with no Kyoto target to Mechanism achieve sustainable development and assist countries with a Kyoto target to meet their

targets for curbing emissions of greenhouse gases.

Climate-neutral (fossil) fuels A fossil fuel whose consumption causes few if any CO₂emissions.

Competition regulation Supervision of competition on the basis of competition law, with specific reference in the Energy Report to the electricity and gas markets.

Concession (system) A concession is an exclusive right, in this case to apply for a licence under the Public Works (Maintenance of Engineering Structures) Act to construct a wind park offshore. Degree of concentration The size of the share that a certain number of market players has in the relevant market,

expressed as a percentage.

Dominant position Position of one or more companies that enables them to prevent real competition in the market so that they are to a significant extent able to act independently of their

competitors, their suppliers, their customers or the end users.

Economic efficiency The degree to which the energy supply is economically efficient throughout the chain from production to consumption, as reflected in the most favourable price-quality ratio. Emission trading Trade in rights to produce emissions granted by the government, which are already

scarce or of which restriction is a desirable aim of policy.

Energy Charter Political association whose members include almost all European countries, the countries of the former Soviet Union and Japan. A treaty has been concluded under the Charter that regulates free trade and provides protection for investments in energy. The treaty has a protocol that governs collaboration in the area of energy efficiency and the environment.

Environmental Impact Report on the environmental effects of infrastructure projects. Assessment

Environmental quality The degree to which the production, distribution and consumption of energy will impose a burden on the environment in the short and long term, with specific reference in this Energy Report to the emission of greenhouse gases.

Fossil fuel Coal, lignite, crude oil and natural gas.

Fuel Material that is used to produce energy. Examples of fuels are coal, crude oil and natural gas. Electricity and heat are also fuels.

Fuel mix The composition of the fuels used to generate a given quantity of electricity, including renewable energy.

Gas structure All of the public-law rules that govern the extraction and sale of Dutch natural gas. Green certificate Details of a green certificate account, which show that a producer generated a certain

quantity of electricity from renewable sources and fed it to the network. Green market The liberalised market for renewable energy.

IBO Energy subsidies Inter-departmental policy research into the cost-effectiveness of energy subsidies. Interconnector The connection of gas or electricity networks between two countries.

Intermediate segment Electricity: customer with power connection of less than 2 MW and more than 3 x 80 A. (customer in) Gas: customer with an annual consumption between 1 and 10 million m3_.

In practice these are most small and medium–sized enterprises (SMEs).

Investment climate All of the conditions that determine the extent to which it is attractive for companies to invest in the energy supply.

Joint implementation One of the Kyoto mechanisms that is designed to assist countries with a Kyoto target to achieve sustainable development and meet the target for curtailing emissions of greenhouse gases.

Kyoto protocol UN protocol with the aim of curbing emissions of greenhouse gases. The Kyoto target for the Netherlands is a reduction of 6% in CO₂-equivalents compared with emissions in 1990.

Large-scale user Electricity: customer with a power connection of more than 2 MW. Gas: a customer with annual consumption of more than 10 million m3_. In practice these are energy-intensive industrial companies.

Liberalisation The creation of freedom of choice for customers.

Long-term agreements Agreement between the government and industrial and other companies with energy consumption of less than 0.5 PJ per year, aimed at achieving energy conservation in processes. In addition, the agreements may provide that companies will voluntarily devote attention to the themes renewable energy and energy-efficient product development.

Market function, Research into the potential for introducing more competition, Deregulation and quality of Simplifying regulations and improving the quality of legislation.

legislation (MDW) process

Market transparency Transparency of the market through the availability of information about relevant market developments.

Network tariff The tariff charged for the use of the electricity or gas network. Also known as transmission tariff.

Power labelling The provision of information about specific features of electricity as a product to the customers of that electricity.

Privatisation Allowing public institutions or companies in which the government has a majority holding to be sold wholly or largely to private parties.

Public interest An interest of society at large which the government represents in the conviction that otherwise it would not be adequately served.

Reciprocity The principle that potential imports and exports of electricity can be linked to the degree to which the various markets are liberalised.

Renewable energy Collective name for energy that is acquired from renewable energy sources. The term includes energy that is generated from wind, running water, solar radiation and geothermal heat, but also energy released during the processing of waste (especially incineration) or biomass.

Renewable energy Renewable energy which is generated in dwellings or other buildings, largely for ‘behind the meter’ personal consumption, for instance by using solar panels (for electricity), solar

collectors (for warm water) or a heat pump.

Reserve factor The generating capacity in the Netherlands plus guaranteed imports divided by the maximum demand in the Netherlands.

Security of delivery The degree to which customers can actually count on delivery under foreseeable circumstances.

Security of supply Degree of certainty that exists about the availability of sufficient primary fuels and secondary energy now and in the future. There are three elements to this: long-term availability, security of delivery, prevention of international crises and the control of their consequences if they do occur.

Small fields policy The priority given to production from the small fields over production from the Groningen field with a view to extracting as much gas as possible from the ground in the long term.

Small-scale user Electricity: customer with a power connection of less than 3x80 A. Gas: customer with an annual consumption of less than 1 million m3_. In practice these are households.

Social interest Interest which should be represented for society as a whole.

Speculative reserves Those quantities of a fuel which are not technically or economically extractable because they are not of sufficient quality or for other reasons. For gas, they include all reserves of gas hydrates found on the ocean floor and in permafrost areas.

Stocks Besides the reserves, these include the additional stocks (futures) which are defined as those quantities of a fuel that are expected or believed to exist under similar geological conditions as those under which the reserves have been shown to exist, but whose existence can only be surmised with a degree of certainty because no drilling has been conducted to investigate the presence of hydrocarbons.

Sustainable energy system Production, trade and use of energy which is reliable, economically efficient and does not cause damage to the environment.

Technology roadmap A feasible plan for future technological developments in the area of electricity written jointly by research institutes and companies.

Transition A structural change in society extending to various domains such as technology, culture, the economy and the associated rules and institutions. Example: the transition to a sustainable energy system.

Transition agreement Agreement between the government, market players and other social actors in which they express the intention to work together to promote a transition, such as that to a sustainable energy system, through their own activities.

Transition management Possessing knowledge of the driving forces of a transition, responding to changes in society which promote that transition, drawing up a joint transition agenda with market and government, identifying advising and encouraging activities and players in the transition, managing the transition process.

Vertical separation The separation of the delivery function and the network function, also known as unbundling.

AER General Energy Council AMvB Order in Council

APX Amsterdam Power Exchange AVI Waste Incineration Plant

BLOW Administrative Agreement on National Development of Wind Energy (Bestuursovereenkomst Landelijke Ontwikkeling Windenergie) GNP Gross National Product

CBB Appeals Tribunal for Trade and Industry CBS Statistics Netherlands

CDM Clean Development Mechanism CO₂ Carbon dioxide

COVA Central Agency for Maintaining Minimum Stocks of Crude Oil and/or Petroleum Products

CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis CRUST CO₂-Reuse through Underground Storage

DTe Office for Energy Regulation

EBN White Paper on Energy Conservation ECN Netherlands Energy Research Foundation

EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone EIA Energy Investment Allowance

EINP Subsidy scheme for energy supply in the non-profit sector and special sectors EOS Energy Research Strategy

EPR Energy Premiums scheme

ERUPT Emission Reduction Unit Procurement Tender EU European Union

EZ Ministry of Economic Affairs

EZP Energy-efficient product development IBO Interdepartmental policy research

ICES-KIS-3 Interdepartmental Commission for Economic Structure policy. KIS stands for knowledge infrastructure

IEA International Energy Agency IPO Association of Provinces

JI Joint Implementation

LNV Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Fisheries MAP Environmental Action Plan

MDW Market function, Deregulation and Quality of Legislation MJAs Long-term agreements

MLT Medium-term foresight studies MSC Market Surveillance Committee NMa Netherlands Competition Authority NMP 4 Fourth National Environmental Policy Plan

NOGEPA Netherlands Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Association NOVEM Netherlands Agency for Energy and the Environment

nTPA Negotiated third party access

OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development PVE Platform for Acceleration of Energy Liberalisation

PKB Key planning decision REB Regulatory Energy Tax

RIVM National Institute for Public Health and Environmental Protection Appendix

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