4. TECTONICA
4.2. ELCICLOALPINO
4.2.2.2. La compresión
Table 3-1 Weighted Descriptive Statistics among Different Groups
T 1 T 3 T 1 T 3 T 1 T 2 T 3 T 1 T 2 T 3
non-H ispanic, S panish, or Latino 86.31 85.90 86.17 85.75 87.25 85.21 86.58 88.11 87.74 87.60
T im e-varying V ariables
A ge 36.70 (0.06) 39.53 (0.05) 36.29 (0.06) 39.08 (0.06) 45.55 (1.68) 45.79 (1.73) 46.97 (1.53) 41.77 (0.19) 43.11 (0.19) 44.43 (0.19) E ducation
N um ber of Individuals 70,069 70,069 64,480 64,480 42 42 42 5,589 5,586 5,589
N um ber of O bservations
A ll Individuals C ontrol G roup T reatm ent G roup 1 T reatm ent G roup 2
1308 191,569
2,075,909 1,884,340
Note: Numbers above are Mean(SE) or Percentage
The individuals included in the table are those who are employed at some point in time, have no health conditions prior to their employment, and may later have health problems
T1: the first time that a person is employed in the panel
T2: the first time that a person experiences work limitation (onset of health conditions) T3: the last time that a person stays in the panel (last observation of each person)
Table 3-2 Weighted Descriptive Statistics among Different Groups for Men
non-H ispanic, S panish, or Latino 85.01 84.27 84.85 84.10 69.59 66.23 65.88 87.06 86.73 86.20
T im e-varying V ariables
A ge 36.70 (0.08) 39.54 (0.08) 36.27 (0.08) 39.07 (0.08) 42.33 (2.77) 42.33 (2.95) 42.67 (2.58) 42.26 (0.27) 43.70 (0.27) 44.96 (0.27) E ducation
N um ber of Individuals 35,901 35,901 33,199 33,199 16 16 16 2,702 2,700 2,702
N um ber of O bservations
A ll Individuals C ontrol G roup T reatm ent G roup 1 T reatm ent G roup 2
423 91,737
1,045,308 953,571
Note: Numbers above are Mean(SE) or Percentage
The individuals included in the table are those who are employed at some point in time, have no health conditions prior to their employment, and may later have health problems
T1: the first time that a person is employed in the panel
T2: the first time that a person experiences work limitation (onset of health conditions) T3: the last time that a person stays in the panel (last observation of each person)
120
Table 3-3 Weighted Descriptive Statistics among Different Groups for Women
T 1 T 3 T 1 T 3 T 1 T 2 T 3 T 1 T 2 T 3
A ge 36.69 (0.08) 39.51 (0.08) 36.30 (0.08) 39.09 (0.08) 47.87 (2.03) 48.48 (2.00) 49.75 (1.73) 41.29 (0.25) 42.50 (0.25) 43.89 (0.25) E ducation
N um ber of Individuals 34,168 34,168 31,281 31,281 26 26 26 2,887 2,886 2,887
N um ber of O bservations
A ll Individuals C ontrol G roup T reatm ent G roup 1 T reatm ent G roup 2
885 99,832
1,030,601 930,769
Note: Numbers above are Mean(SE) or Percentage
The individuals included in the table are those who are employed at some point in time, have no health conditions prior to their employment, and may later have health problems
T1: the first time that a person is employed in the panel
T2: the first time that a person experiences work limitation (onset of health conditions) T3: the last time that a person stays in the panel (last observation of each person)
Table 3-4 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects:
Earnings & Onset of Health Conditions
A ny H ealth C ondition E xogenous H ealth C ondition E a rn in g s
Table 3-5 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects:
Employment & Onset of Health Condition
p o s ts ic k -0.177*** -0.169*** -0.263*** -0.253***
dyear1 -0.0513*** -0.0292*** -0.0562*** -0.0336***
dyear2 -0.0288*** -0.0119*** -0.0340*** -0.0167***
dyear3 -0.0181*** -0.00799*** -0.0221*** -0.0116***
dyear4 -0.00615*** -0.00200 -0.00896*** -0.00463***
dyear5 -- -- --
A ny H ealth C ondition E xogenous H ealth C ondition
122
Table 3-6 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects:
Earnings & Onset of Any Health Condition by Gender
Table 3-7 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects:
Employment & Onset of Any Health Condition by Gender
p o s ts ic k -0.166*** -0.159*** -0.187*** -0.179***
dyear1 -0.0584*** -0.0340*** -0.0437*** -0.0236***
dyear2 -0.0319*** -0.0131*** -0.0255*** -0.0104***
dyear3 -0.0200*** -0.00864*** -0.0161*** -0.00723**
dyear4 -0.00899*** -0.00414* -0.00316 0.000301
dyear5 -- -- --
Table 3-8 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects:
Earnings & Onset of Any Health Condition by Race
p o s ts ic k -514.4*** -492.9*** -652.4*** -624.4*** -677.8*** -656.9*** -486.5*** -466.8***
dyear1 -317.9*** -262.5*** -234.2*** -166.7** -551.8*** -446.9*** -470.5*** -392.4***
dyear2 -280.3*** -236.8*** -220.4*** -167.8*** -467.5*** -386.6** -319.0*** -255.0***
dyear3 -191.8*** -164.0*** -133.5*** -98.05** -350.7*** -296.3** -97.76 -56.80
highschl 283.3*** 406.4*** 136.9 419.3***
som ecollege 290.7*** 446.5*** 51.78 484.8***
bachelor 1110.8*** 1005.3*** 1308.9*** 1399.9***
Table 3-9 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects:
Employment & Onset of Any Health Condition by Race
p o s ts ic k -0.167*** -0.160*** -0.226*** -0.218*** -0.202*** -0.199*** -0.167*** -0.161***
dyear1 -0.0475*** -0.0251*** -0.0586*** -0.0387*** -0.0856*** -0.0700*** -0.0839*** -0.0542***
dyear2 -0.0269*** -0.00978*** -0.0281*** -0.0133* -0.0464*** -0.0342** -0.0584*** -0.0357**
dyear3 -0.0171*** -0.00690*** -0.0155** -0.00626 -0.0380*** -0.0304** -0.0304** -0.0169 dyear4 -0.00567*** -0.00151 -0.00270 0.00128 -0.00778 -0.00521 -0.0281** -0.0219*
agegp7 0.158*** 0.295** 0.501*** 0.0174**
agegp8 -- -- --
124
Table 3-10 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects: Earnings & Onset of Any Health Condition by Origin
p o s ts ic k -541.7*** -530.8*** -539.6*** -515.7***
--_cons 2050.1*** 512.0 3035.2*** 1272.8***
N 210512 210512 1865378 1865378 Fixed-effects: Employment & Onset of Any Health Condition by Origin
p o s ts ic k -0.208*** -0.204*** -0.172*** -0.164***
H ispanic, S panish or Latino non-H ispanic, S panish or Latino
Note: * p<0.10, **p<0.05, ***p<0.01
Table 3-12 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year
highschl 278.8*** 670.1*** 182.6 498.8***
som ecollege 256.8*** 730.4*** -5.898 456.5
bachelor 1276.8*** 1093.3*** 1330.1** 902.6**
m aster 2092.5*** 2608.6*** 4421.8* 291.4 Fixed-effects: Employment & Onset of Any Health Condition for Men by Races
p o s ts ic k -0.156*** -0.149*** -0.224*** -0.213*** -0.166*** -0.167*** -0.183*** -0.177***
dyear1 -0.0544*** -0.0300*** -0.0684*** -0.0421*** -0.0734*** -0.0593*** -0.116*** -0.0884***
dyear2 -0.0302*** -0.0113*** -0.0320*** -0.0122 -0.0345** -0.0240 -0.0724*** -0.0522***
dyear3 -0.0198*** -0.00826*** -0.0100 0.00165 -0.0321** -0.0272* -0.0441** -0.0327*
dyear4 -0.00900*** -0.00408* 0.00411 0.00894 -0.00814 -0.00619 -0.0497*** -0.0441***
dyear5 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
126
Table 3-14 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects: Earnings & Onset of Any Health Condition for Women by Races
p o s ts ic k -444.5*** -430.4*** -672.1*** -640.6*** -871.3*** -883.0*** -417.9*** -402.2***
dyear1 -260.5*** -207.6*** -331.0*** -274.4*** -633.2*** -550.8*** -304.3*** -243.9***
dyear2 -220.1*** -177.5*** -279.9*** -236.7*** -519.4*** -456.8*** -258.5*** -203.5***
dyear3 -142.3*** -114.8*** -208.3*** -178.8** -369.3*** -333.6*** -142.4** -104.1
--_cons 2219.3*** 964.9*** 2050.4*** 1893.8* 2811.3*** 1761.6*** 1884.5*** 68.70
N 824050 824050 133801 133801 34486 34486 38256 38256
dyear1 -0.0399*** -0.0194*** -0.0506*** -0.0359*** -0.0984*** -0.0813*** -0.0502** -0.0194 dyear2 -0.0234*** -0.00794* -0.0248** -0.0141 -0.0587*** -0.0442** -0.0439* -0.0183 dyear3 -0.0143*** -0.00533 -0.0200** -0.0133 -0.0442** -0.0342* -0.0165 -0.000828 dyear4 -0.00203 0.00136 -0.00824 -0.00546 -0.00756 -0.00386 -0.00582 0.00110
dyear5 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
--agegp1 0.384*** 0.569*** -- 0.656**
agegp2 0.415*** 0.669*** -0.00436 0.686***
agegp3 0.416*** 0.638*** 0.0260 0.592**
Table 3-16 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year
--_cons 2405.5*** 1109.5* 3750.8*** 1417.3***
N 113385 113385 931912 931912
R -sq 0.687 0.688 0.715 0.716
H ispanic, S panish or Latino M en E a rn in g s
non-H ispanic, S panish or Latino M en
Table 3-17 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects: Employment & Onset of Any Health Condition for Men by Origins
p o s ts ic k -0.160*** -0.157*** -0.166*** -0.159***
dyear1 -0.0989*** -0.0733*** -0.0515*** -0.0274***
dyear2 -0.0594*** -0.0387*** -0.0271*** -0.00869***
dyear3 -0.0317*** -0.0188** -0.0178*** -0.00684**
dyear4 -0.00586 -0.0000151 -0.00942*** -0.00487**
dyear5 -- -- --
H ispanic, S panish or Latino M en non-H ispanic, S panish or Latino M en
128
--_cons 1589.8*** 513.7 2293.6*** 1110.8***
N 97127 97127 933466 933466
R -sq 0.585 0.586 0.694 0.695
non-H ispanic, S panish or Latino W om en E a rn in g s
H ispanic, S panish or Latino W om en
Note: * p<0.10, **p<0.05, ***p<0.01
dyear2 -0.0513*** -0.0338** -0.0217*** -0.00696*
dyear3 -0.0227* -0.0122 -0.0150*** -0.00635*
H ispanic, S panish or Latino W om en non-H ispanic, S panish or Latino W om en
Note: * p<0.10, **p<0.05, ***p<0.01
Table 3-20 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects: Earnings & Onset of Any Health Condition (robustness checks that include only treatment groups)
--_cons 2205.3*** 218.0 2663.3*** 3565.2***
N 191569 191569 1308 1308
R -sq 0.613 0.614 0.757 0.767
A ny H ealth C ondition E xogenous H ealth C ondition E a rn in g s
Table 3-21 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects: Employment & Onset of Any Health Condition (robustness checks that include only treatment groups)
p o s ts ic k -0.128*** -0.129*** -0.185*** -0.179***
dyear1 0.0446*** 0.0509*** 0.00718 0.0377
dyear2 0.0607*** 0.0646*** 0.0327 0.0467
dyear3 0.0382*** 0.0398*** -0.124 -0.111
dyear4 0.0265*** 0.0268*** -0.0190 0.00435
dyear5 -- -- --
A ny H ealth C ondition E xogenous H ealth C ondition
130
Table 3-22 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects: Earnings & Onset of Any Health Condition (robustness checks that include one pre-period time dummy)
A ny H ealth C ondition E xogenous H ealth C ondition E a rn in g s
Note: * p<0.10, **p<0.05, ***p<0.01
Table 3-23 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects: Employment & Onset of Any Health Condition (robustness checks that include one pre-period time dummy)
p o s ts ic k -0.176*** -0.169*** -0.268*** -0.260***
postsick_1 0.00191 0.000959 -0.0174 -0.0257 dyear1 -0.0512*** -0.0292*** -0.0562*** -0.0336***
dyear2 -0.0288*** -0.0119*** -0.0340*** -0.0167***
dyear3 -0.0181*** -0.00799*** -0.0221*** -0.0116***
dyear4 -0.00616*** -0.00200 -0.00896*** -0.00463***
dyear5 -- -- --
A ny H ealth C ondition E xogenous H ealth C ondition
Note: * p<0.10, **p<0.05, ***p<0.01
Table 3-24 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects: Earnings & Onset of Any Health Condition (robustness checks that include three pre-period time dummies)
p o s ts ic k -430.4*** -417.6*** -861.3*** -860.6***
postsick_1 123.7*** 112.6*** -3.864 -12.22
postsick_2 314.8*** 293.1*** --
A ny H ealth C ondition E xogenous H ealth C ondition
Table 3-25 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects: Employment & Onset of Any Health Condition (robustness checks that include three pre-period time dummies)
p o s ts ic k -0.162*** -0.156*** -0.268*** -0.260***
postsick_1 0.0191*** 0.0161*** -0.0174 -0.0257
postsick_2 0.0382*** 0.0337*** --
--postsick_3 0.0411*** 0.0361** --
--dyear1 -0.0527*** -0.0305*** -0.0562*** -0.0336***
dyear2 -0.0295*** -0.0126*** -0.0340*** -0.0167***
dyear3 -0.0184*** -0.00828*** -0.0221*** -0.0116***
dyear4 -0.00626*** -0.00211 -0.00896*** -0.00463***
dyear5 -- -- --
A ny H ealth C ondition E xogenous H ealth C ondition
132
Table 3-26 Difference-in-Difference with Person and Year Fixed-effects: Earnings, Employment & Onset of Any Health Condition (robustness checks that include linear individual time trend)