Languidezco; no he de vivir para siempre Déjame solo, pues mis días son un soplo.

71/54(a) (32F7) 15.1 by 17.5 cm January to July 212 This darkish-brown papyrus contains the first 23 lines of an ἀπογραφὴ ἀβρόχου. The

writing is along the fibres. The top margin is intact; the papyrus is torn at line 23 where only a few letters are legible. We cannot tell how many lines are missing. The left margin is intact but some 3-6 letters are missing from the end of each line. The hand is that of a skilled scribe, neat and fluent, with the usual abbreviations for aroura and artaba. There appear to be no orthographical errors but the scribe may have repeated some words by mistake at the start of l. 19: see 19 n.

On the back, written against the fibres in a different, larger and less regular hand is a list of names, areas of land and dates of purchase and, in the last two lines, of payments. Some of the names are the same as those in the declaration (see 9, 16-17, 20-21, 21-22 nn. below), but they appear in a different order and the descriptions are less formal. The amounts of land mentioned on the back are considerably larger than those in the declaration, and are not limited to arable land but include oikopeda, plots which may be built on (Husson 1983, 209-211). 010 is probably a copy of the declaration which was retained by the declarer, who used the back to make a record of his holdings and tenants and of rent paid or payable, rather than one that was filed at the royal scribe’s office. For writing on the back of declarations see Préaux 1963, 125 and Habermann 1997, 233-234.

Both recto and verso testify to multiple holdings of land, and the verso shows that these had been accumulated piece-meal over a considerable period of time, including from the 26th_,

28th _{and 31}st _{years of an unnamed emperor (probably Augustus and if so 5-4 BC, 3-2 BC}

and 1-2 AD, but possibly Commodus when the corresponding dates are 185-6, 187-8 and 190-191), the sixth year of Tiberius (19-20), the second year of Nero (55-56) and the first year of Antoninus Pius (138).

1 Ὡρείωνι τῷ καὶ Ἀπίωνι βασιλικῷ γρ(αμματεῖ) Ὀξ(υρυγχίτου)

2 παρὰ Λουκίου Σεπτιμίου Αὐρηλίου Σαραπίωνος κοσμητεύσαντος βουλ[ευτοῦ

3 τῆς λαμπροτάτης πόλεως τῶν Ἀλεξανδρέων. κατὰ τὰ κελευσθέν[τα ἐν τῷ

76 5 ἣν ἔχω ἄβροχον καὶ ἐπηντλημ(ένην) τῷ αὐτῷ ἐνεστῶτι κ (ἔτει). ἐστι.[ 6 περὶ μὲν κώμην Μέρμερθα ἀναγραφομένας̣ εἰς Σατ[ο]ρνεῖ[λον τὸν 7 κ]αὶ ’Έρωτα υἱὸν Τιβερίου Κλαυδίου Ἔρωτος ἰδιωτικῆς (μοναρτάβου) ἐπ[ηντλημ(ένης) 8 (ἀρούρης) 𐅸 καὶ εἰς Σιντοτοῆν Ἀπολλωνίου μητρὸς Τεκώσιος ἰδι[ωτικῆς (μοναρτάβου) 9 ἐπηντλημ(ένης) (ἀρούρης) 𐅸 καὶ εἰς Ἡρακλείδην Σαραπίωνος τοῦ Ἡρακλεί[δου 10 μ[ητ(ρὸς)] Τ̣αυσαράπιος ἰδιωτ(ικῆς) (μοναρτάβου) ἐπηντλημ(ένης) (ἀρούρας) ε ι͞ϛ λ͞β καὶ εἰς Ἁρπα[ 11 τὸν καὶ Θώνιον παστοφόρον Θοήριδος θεᾶς̣ μεγίστης ἰδιω[τικῆς 12 (μοναρτάβου) ἐπηντλ(ημένης) (ἀρούρας) β. καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἐπ’ὀνόματος Μάρκου Πετρω[νίου 13 Ἡρ[ακ]λανοῦ ὁμοίως τὰς ὑπαρχούσας μοι ἰδιωτ(ικῆς) ἐπηντλ(ημένης) (μοναρτάβου) (ἀρούρας) [. 14 καὶ εἰς [Δ]ιονύσιον Σαραπίωνος τοῦ Διογένους ἰ[δ]ιωτικῆς (μοναρτάβου) ἐ[πην- 15 τλημ(ένης) (ἀρούρας) ηʹ καὶ εἰς Θέωνα Θέωνος τοῦ Θέωνος μητ(ρὸς) Δημητροῦ[τος 16 Μενχέως ἰδιωτικ(ῆς) (μοναρτάβου) ἐπηντλ(ημένης) (ἀρούρας) λ͞β καὶ εἰς Ἡρακλείδην Σ[αραπί- 17 ωνος τοῦ Ἡρακλείδου πρότερον Παπονθε[ῦτ]ος Σαδάλου ἀβρόχ[(ου) (ἀρουρ ) . 18 καὶ εἰς Δίδυμον Σατόκου διὰ Διδύμου Πτολεμαίου (μοναρτάβου) ἀβρόχ(ου) (ἀρούρης) dη[ʹ 19 ἀβρόχου (ἀρούρης) d ηʹ καὶ εἰς τὸν αὐτὸν Σαραπίωνα Ἡρακ[λείδου τοῦ Σαρα-

77 20 πίωνος μητ(ρὸς) Ταυσαράπιος (μοναρτάβου) ἐπηντλημ(ένης) (ἀρούρας) γ 𐅸 ξδ καὶ εἰς Π̣α[πον- 21 θέα Σαδάλου τοῦ Διδύμου ἰδιωτ(ικῆς) (μοναρτάβου) ἐπηντλ(ημένης) (ἀρούραν) α καὶ εἰς Σααμ.[ 22 Τοτοέως τοῦ καὶ Πλουτάρχου Ἡρακλείδου μητ(ρὸς) Ταπονθεῦτος .[ 23 ] . . . [ ]. . . . [ ] κλήρου ἰδιω[τικῆς . . . . . . . . 1 γρ οξ͞ 4 κ 5 κ 5, 9, 10, 14-15, 20 επηντλημ 7 ϋιον ϊδιωτικης 7, 12, 13, 16, 21 επηντλ 7, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21 α𐆊 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21 𐆇 8 ϊδι 10 ϊδιωτ 11 ϊδιω 13 ϊδιωτ 15 μητ 16 ϊδιωτικ 18 αβροχ 20 μητ 21 ϊδιωτ 22 μητ

“To Horion, also known as Apion, royal scribe of the Oxyrhynchite nome, from Lucius Septimius Aurelius Sarapion, former kosmetes and councillor of the most magnificent city of the Alexandrians. In accordance with the orders given in this 20th year regarding the registration of uninundated and artificially irrigated land, I register the uninundated and artificially irrigated land which I have in this same current 20th _{year. There is ... near the}

village of Mermertha

registered to Saturneilus also known as Eros, son of Tiberius Claudius Eros, artificially irrigated, ¾ of an aroura of private land paying 1 artaba, and

registered to Sintotoes, daughter of Apollonius, whose mother is Tecosis, artificially irrigated, ¾ of an aroura of private land paying 1 artaba, and

registered to Heraclides, son of Sarapion and grandson of Heraclides, whose mother is Tausarapis, artificially irrigated, 5 1/16 1/32 arouras of private land paying 1 artaba, and

registered to Harpa..., also called Thonius, pastophoros of the very great goddess Thoeris, artificially irrigated, 2 ... arouras of private land paying 1 artaba, and

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among the [lands] in the name of Marcus Petronius Heraclanus, similarly belonging to me, artificially irrigated, ... arouras of private land paying 1 artaba, and

registered to [Dionysius], son of Sarapion and grandson of Diogenes, artificially irrigated, 1/8 of an aroura of private land paying 1 artaba, and

registered to Theon, son of Theon and grandson of Theon, whose mother is Demetrous daughter of Menches, artificially irrigated, 1/32 of an aroura of private land paying 1 artaba, and

registered to Heraclides, son of Sarapion and grandson of Heraclides, formerly Papontheus, son of Sadalus, uninundated, ... aroura(s), and

registered to Didymus son of Satocus through Didymus son of Ptolemaeus, uninundated ¼ 1/8 arouras of land paying 1 artaba, uninundated ¼ 1/8 arouras ..., and

registered to the same Sarapion son of Heraclides and grandson of Sarapion, whose mother is Tausarapis, artificially irrigated, 3 ¾ 1/64 arouras of land paying 1 artaba, and

registered to Paponthes son of Sadalus and grandson of Didymus, artificially irrigated, 1 aroura of private land paying 1 artaba, and

registered to Saam.... son of Totoes, also called Ploutarchos, and grandson of Heraclides, whose mother is Tapontheus, ... in the ... kleros, private land...”

1 Horion alias Apion is attested as royal scribe of the Oxyrhynchite nome from

January/February 211 to 7th _{June 213; see Whitehorne 2006, 165. The royal scribe of the}

nome was the sole addressee in at least 10 declarations published to date (Habermann 1997, 235; LXV 4488). Like the strategus, but unlike the comogrammateus, where he is an addressee his name is always given. For duties of the royal scribe generally see Biedermann 1913, passim and Kruse 2002, passim.

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2 Λουκίου Σεπτιμίου Αὐρηλίου Σαραπίωνος κοσμητεύσαντος βου[λευτοῦ This individual is unattested to date. The kosmetes was responsible for overseeing the training of the ephebes; this was a one-year position in the second rank of civic honours which qualified its holders to be elected to the boule, a rank held for life (see Delia 1991, 101, 109- 113, 121, and Lewis 1997). Although three Roman names do not necessarily indicate Roman citizenship (Keenan 1973, 41, citing P. Mich. IV 223 (171-2)), Lucius Septimius were the first two names of Septimius Severus and it is likely that this individual was a first generation Roman citizen who owed his status to that emperor; the papyrus is too early for him to have benefitted from the Constitutio Antoniniana of 212. He must have been a

wealthy Alexandrian citizen and may have had family connections in the Oxyrhynchite nome (see Rowlandson 1996, 266-272; Biezunska-Małowist 1975, 746-7).

3 κατὰ τὰ κελευσθέν[τα Most published declarations name the official pursuant to whose orders the declarations were made, but the identity was omitted in SB XVI 12561, P. Oslo II 26a 1 and 2 (by reference to col.1 only), P. Mich. VI 369, BGU XIII 2233 and 2234, col II, P. Oslo III 100-104, SPP XXII 34, BGU XI 2022, P. Fam. Tebt. 2.238 and P. Heid. Inv. G 2083. See Habermann 1997, 238. It is also missing from 013. Other

declarations contain no reference to the orders: see Habermann 1997, 238, and add P. Harris inv. 55a (Gonis 2003(1)) and now (probably) 011 and 012.

4 κ (ἔτει). This is 211/212, expressed in papyri as the 20th _{year of Septimius Severus (d. 4}

February, 211), Caracalla and Geta (d. 26 December 211), or of Caracalla and Geta, or of Caracalla alone (Bureth 1964, 98-105). Because no published abrochos declaration has been dated before Mecheir in any year, I have dated this papyrus 212. See Habermann, 1997, 259-161; Gonis 2003 (1), 171 n. 2.

5 ἐνεστῶτι κ (ἔτει). A similar construction is found in only one other Oxyrhynchite declaration, P.Harris inv. 55a l.4-5 (Gonis 2003 (1)), but is common in the Arsinoite declarations (see P. Grenf. II 56, P. Berl. Leihg. II 299, SB XVI 12561, 12562 and 12563, PSI III 361, SB V 7528, P. Bad. II 23, and BGU I 108; Habermann 1997, 259 n. 162). In Oxyrhynchite declarations the year in respect of which the claim is made is usually expressed as πρὸς τὸ ἐνεστὸς ἔτος (as 011.7 and 013.5-6).

6 περὶ μὲν κώμην Μέρμερθα. Mermertha was a village in the Upper toparchy and 1st

pagus, near the Cynopolite border (Benaissa 2009, 154-156). I have not found any reference, in any papyri mentioning this village, to any of the individuals named in 010. μὲν indicates

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that the missing part of the document contained a reference to one or more additional villages, and περὶ implies that the area was under the administration of Mermertha (P. Mich. Michael 7, p 61 n.4 = SB XII 11109, Gonis 2003(1), l. 6 n.).

ἀναγραφομένας εἰς The usual term in the Oxyrhynchite nome for land registered in some-one’s name, although it does not appear in other abrochia declarations. See 8 n. and pp. 70-73.

6-7 Σατ[ο]ρνει[λον τὸν κ]αὶ Ἔρωτα υἱὸν Τιβερίου Κλαυδίου Ἔρωτος. Saturneinus and Saturneilus (both are possible) are the only names which fit here if the transcription of ρνει is correct. The son has been named after his father who may have been a freedman (Eros is not uncommon as a slave name and had the son been a Roman citizen one would have expected him too to have had Roman forenames).

(μοναρτάβου). So far as we can tell (see 19 n.) all the land described in 010 is assessed at 1 artaba per aroura, the normal rate of taxation for private land in the Oxyrhynchite (Wallace 1938, 15), although 1 ½ was frequent for former vineland (Rowlandson 1996, 54 and XLII 3047 passim: see 11 n.)). Such land paid at an actual rate of 1⅛ (Rowlandson 1987, 288 based on VII 1044). In 010 the term is usually used with ἰδιωτικῆς but it appears on its own at 18 and 20, while ἰδιωτικῆς appears on its own at 13 and neither term is used in 17; these are probably omissions of the scribe (see Gonis 2003 (1) ll.7-8 n.), but the term μοναρτάβου was so frequent in the Oxyrhynchite that it gradually became a “category term” for land tenure (Rowlandson 1996, 35-36).

8 εἰς. The usual term in Oxyrhynchite abrochia declarations for signifying that the land is registered in the name of a third party; see 6 n. and pp. 70-73.

Σιντοτοῆν. The prefix Sin (“daughter of”) shows that this is a woman’s name. 9-10 Ἡρακλείδην Σαραπίωνος τοῦ Ἡρακλε[ίδου ⎟ μ[ητ(ρὸς)] Ταυσασάπιος. Heracleides son of Sarapion and grandson of Heracleides is named on the verso, but not identified by his mother. See also 16-17 n.

11 παστοφόρον Θοήριδος θεᾶς̣ μεγίστης. This official was one of the second rank of temple officials, not a priest (L 3567 3 n.), who carried temple items in processions,

possibly a dais or platform on which statues were placed covered with an embroidered veil (Vatun 1970, 215, who suggests that the word is derived from both πάσσω I embroider

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and πήγνυμι I make out of wood). For the temple of Thoeris at Oxyrhynchus see 01.3-4 n. On pastophoroi see Schönborn 1976, 6-10 and generally.

12-13 ἀπὸ τῶν ἐπ’ ὀνόματος Μάρκου Πετρω[νίου Ι Ἡρ[ακ]λανοῦ ὁμοίως τὰς ὑπαρχούσας μοι... (ἀρούρας). The land described is part of a parcel ἐπ’ ὀνόματος (in the name of) M. Petronius Heraclanus (Ἡρκουλανοῦ is too long to be a possible reading). The declarer is distinguishing this land from the other parcels described, which also belong to him but which are εἰς other named persons. This land may be a recent acquisition, by purchase or possibly pursuant to a mortgage or in settlement of a debt, and not yet

registered at the land registry in the name of the declarer. Unless the καί at the start of l. 14 is an error, the land does not appear to be tenanted (or possibly the declarer does not know the tenants’ names). See pp.70-73.

16-17 This is probably a different Heracleides from the one named in l. 9. A second Heracleides son of Sarapion is named on the verso, close to a reference to Papontheus son of Sadalus. See 9-10 n.

18 διὰ. This indicates that Didymus son of Ptolemaeus is an intermediate landlord, while Didymus son of Satocus, a sub-tenant, is the farmer in occupation, and is a further indication that the persons whose names are qualified by εἰς are the occupying tenant- farmers.

19 ἀβρόχου (ἀρούρης) d ηʹ The same words and fractions appear at the end of 18. This may indicate that a different category of land (that is not private or is not rated at one artaba per aroura) is meant, although not more than six letters are missing and no other category of land is mentioned anywhere else. It is I think more likely, particularly because of the identical fractions, that the repetition was a copying error.

τὸν αὐτὸν Σαραπίωνα. This suggests that this Sarapion, son of Heracleides and grandson of Sarapion, has already been mentioned in the document. If so, he must either be the father of the Heracleides mentioned at 9, whose mother and wife were accordingly both called Tausarapis (possibly an instance of brother-sister marriage; see 02.2 n.), or of the Heracleides mentioned at 16-17, whose own father was formerly called Papontheus. Alternatively the scribe may have confused him with Heracleides son of Sarapion and grandson of Heracleides (9 n.), or written the names here in the wrong order.

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21-22 Σααμ.[ ] Τοτέως τοῦ καὶ Πλουτάρχου. Other than on the verso, where the rest of the name is also illegible, I have not found a name beginning Σααμ. .

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