Cuestionario inicial acerca de deliberación

2) Situational 3) Exceptional

Routine And Situational Violations

1. Routine:-Become Normal Way Of Working

 Desire To Cut Corners/Save Time

 Rules Perceived To Be Too Restrictive

 Lack Of Supervision And Enforcement

 New Workers Taught Bad Habits 2. Situational:-Braeking Rules Due To Pressure

 Time Pressure

 Insufficient Staff Or Workload

 Correct Equipment Not Available

 Extreme Weather Conditions 3.

Exceptional:-Rare Occurances Happen When Something Has Gone Wrong And Decision Is Made To Put Things Right Even If It Means Taking Risks That Are Known To Be Unsuitable Or Inappropriate.

Reducing Likelihood Of Human Work

 Skilled,Competent And Trained Employees

 Well Motivated Employees

 Avoiding Monotonous Work

 Breaks To Counter Fatigue

 Clear Roles And Lines Of Responsibility

 Good Lines Of Communication

 Clarity Of Instructions

 Good Supervision

 Good Environment

 Drugs And Alcohol Policy Why Hazards May Be Underestimated?

 Over-Familarity/Complacency

 Lack Of Instruction,Information And Training

 Lack Of Experience

 Sensory Impairment

 Hazards Invisible/Intagible

 Routine,Repetitive Tasks

 Inadequate Design

The Job

 Task Analysis

 Decision Making

 Ergonomics (Man-Machine Interface)

 Procedures,Instructions And Information

 The Working Environment

 Tools And Equipment

 Work Patterns

 Communication

 Maintenance

 Boredom And Monotonous Work

 Peer Pressure

Communication

Communication Is The Passing On And Receiving Of Information,Ideas,Thoughts And Feelings So That Understanding Is Achieved.It Is A Two Way Process.

Principles Of

Objectives Of

Communication:- To Understand Others

 Clear Understanding Of Message

 Acceptance Of Our Ideas

 Get Required Action

Purpose:- Promote Understanding

 Transmission Of Policies

 Collecting Opinions

 Co-Operation

 Instructions

Methods Of Communication 1. Written

2. Verbal 3. Visual

Written Communication:-Advantages

 Permanent Record

 Reference

 Consistent Message

 Accurate Detail

 Wide Audience

 Autoritative Disadvantages

 May Be Unread

 One Way

 Often No Feedback

 Time Consuming

 Cost

 Misinterpretation

Barriers To Written

Communication:- Illiteracy

 Competency

 Level Of Written Material

 Presentation

 Quality Of Information

 Quantity

 Attitude

Verbal Communication:-Advantages

 Direct-Two Way

 Quick

 Instant Feedback

 Easy To Do

 Flexible Disadvantages

 No Record

 No References

 Unstructured

 Inconsistent Message

 Too Much For Memory

 Limited Audience

Barriers To Verbal Communication

 Hearing/Speech Defects

 Noise

 Distance

 Language

 Lack Of Knowledge

 Attitude

 Duration/Speed Visual Communication:-Advantages

 Consistent Message

 Large Groups Disadvantages

 Boring

 No Feedback,Too Much For Memory Barriers To Visual Communication

 Relevance

 Volume

 Environment

 Knowledge Of Personal

Why Different Methods Of Communication Are Necessory?

 People Respond Differently To Different Situations

 Variety Prevents Over Familiarisation With One Method And Helps Reinforce Message

 The Need To Overcome Language Barriers And The Inability Of Some Employees To Read

 The Need To Motivate,Stimulate,Interest And Gain Involvement And Feedback

 The Acceptance That Different Types Of Information Require Different Methods Of Communicataion

Health And Safety Notice Board Information Should

Include:- Information For Employes Regulation Poster

 Health And Safety Policy

 Evacuation Procedures

 First-Aid Arrangements

 Contacts Detail For Safety Representatives

 Targets For Accident Reduction To Maximise Effectiveness Of Notice

Baord:- Locate Common/Prominent Area

 Dedicated To Health And Safety Only

 Information Displayed Relevent And Current

 Keep Information In Neat Orderly State

 Make Boards Eye Catching By Use Of Colour And Graphics Posters

Advantages

 Low Cost

 Flexibilty

 Brevity

 Reinforce Verbal Instructions

 Constant Message

 Involve Employees Disadvantages

 Regularly Changed

 Sioled

 Defaced

 Out Of Date

 Over Reliance

 Easy Way

Safety Compaigns

To Ensure Compaigns Are Effectively Communicated To Employees Organisations

Should:- Have Clear Aims,Objectives And Targets

 Allocate Sufficient,Funds,Time And Other Resources

 Show Total Management Commitment

 Workforce Made Fully Aware By Tool Box Talks Etc

 Clear Language

 Key Responsibilitiies Allocated And Accepted

 Feed Back To Ensure Employee Understanding

Apart From Lack Of Or Poor Communication,Other Factors That Can Affect Compaigns

Include:- Lack Of Management Commitment

 Production Or Other Pressure Take Priority

 Insufficient Time And Funds Made Available

 Poor Working Conditions Creating Lack Of Interest

 Poor Industrial Relations

 Work Patterns Some Sections Not Involved Training

 Induction (On Joining The Job)

 Job Specific (Before Starting Work)

 Refresher Training (Regular Intervals)

Induction Training Is Important For A Number Of

Reasons:- Establishes Safety Culture

 Shows Mangement Commitment

 Identified Responsibilities

 Identifies Hazards And Precautions

 Employee Is Aware Of Hazards

 Imparts Knowledge

 Employee Recognises/Report Hazards

 Sets Scene For Future Performance

Induction Training Programme

 Management Commitment To Safety

 Company Safety Policy

 Consultative Procedures

 Role Of Safety Representatives

 Emergency Procedures

 First-Aid Arrangements

 Welfare And Amenity Provisions

 Specific Hazards

 Health Surveillance Procedures

 How To Report Accidents

 Ppe

 Company Drink And Drugs Policy Additional Health And Safety Training

 Result Of Accident Investigation

 Dangerous Occurances

 New Technology/Process

 Job Change

 Changes In Working Procedures

 Changes In Work Patterns

 Promotion Or Re-Organisation

 New Legislation

 Enforcement Action

 Results Of Inspections/Audits

 Result Of Risk Assessments

 Insurance Company Requirements

Young Person’s Training

Precautions For Young Workers Should

Include:- Provision Of Suitable Work Equipment

 Organisation Of Work Processes

 Health And Safety Training

 Monitoring

 Supervision

 Limiting Hours Of Work Job Specific Training

 Safe System Of Work,Permit To Work Procedure

 Equipment Training

 Ppe Training

 Fire Training

 Safety Inspections Levels Of Supervision

Depend On The Following

Factors:- The Age Of The Employee

 Their Experience In The Type Of Work

 Nature And Complexity Of The Task

 Person’s Skills And Qualifications For The Work

 Their Attitude And Aptitude

 Systems Of Work And Any Specific Requirements

 Employee’s Communication Skills And Any Special Needs Employee May Have Benefits Of Training

For

Employee:- Less Suffering

 Quality Of Life

 Job Satisfaction

 Reach Standards

 Flexibility Of Staff

 Improve Safety

 Attitude For

Employer:- Less Accidents

 Less Absenteeism

 Less Claims And Premiums

 Less Legal

 Improve Morale

 Less Product Damage

 Greater Productivity

 Improved Eficiency

Consideration For Training

Session:- What Employee Need To Know And What They Do Know?

 Employee’s Responsibilities

 Activities Carried Out

 Risks Associated With Activities

 Actions Required By Employees

 Employee’s Existing Knowledge/Experience

 Types Of Training Already Received

 Different Requirements For Various Staff

 Numbers Involved

 Resources Needed

 Competence Of Trainers

 Communicating To Employees And Getting Their Commotment Assessing Training Effectiveness

Post Evaluation

By:- The Trainers

 The Delegates

 Their Supervisors

 Accident Rates

 Sickness Absences

 Compliance And Procedures

 Concerns Raised By Employees

 Results Of Attitude Surveys

 Quality Of Suggestions Made Employer Keeps Training Records

Because:- Proof Of Employee’s Competence

 Identify When Refresher Training Needed

 Review Effectiveness Of Training

 Assessing Progress Against Targets

 Provide Evidence In Investigations

 Provide Evidence In Legal Actions

Competent Persons Mhswr Competent Person

Definition:-A Person Shall Be Regarded Definition:-As Competent When He Has Sufficient Training Definition:-And Experiance Or Knowledge And Other Qualities To Enable Him To Carry Out The Measures Required Of Him And Knowledge Of His Own Limitations.

Factors To Be

Considered:- Evidence Of Qualifications

 Level Of Training

 Membership Of Professional Arganisation

 Undertaking Written Or Practical Assessments

 References Or Recommendations

Element-4 Planning Risk

Assessment:-A Careful Examination Of What Could Harm To People,So That You Can Way Up Wheather You Have Taken Enough Precautions Or Should Do More.

 The Aim Is To Make Sure That No One Gets Hurt Or Becomes Ill

 It Is A Legal Requirement Risk=Severity*Probability

Five Steps To Risk Assessment Step 1.)Identify Hazards

Step 2.)Decide Who Might Be Harm And How Step 3.)Evalute The Risks And Decide On Precautions Step 4.)Record Your Findings And Implement Them Step 5.)Review Your Findings And Update If Necessary Step 1. Identify The Hazards

 Walk Around The Workplace And Look Afresh At What Could Cause Harm I.E. Workplace Inspection

 Ask Their Employee What They Think

 Use Manufactures Instructions For Data

 Refet To Accident/Incident Records

 Near Miss Reports

 Combined Techniques I.E. Hazop

 Non Inspection Techniques

In document el juego de las politicas publicas (página 115-124)