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Excel VBA Conditional Operators

In

In the previous lessonsthe previous lessonson If Statements, you've already used one conditional operator - theon If Statements, you've already used one conditional operator - the equal sign. But there are others. Here's a list:

equal sign. But there are others. Here's a list:

By using the various Operators, you can set up more sophisticated conditions for your If By using the various Operators, you can set up more sophisticated conditions for your If Statements.

Statements.

Add another Sub to your code from the

Add another Sub to your code from the previous lesson previous lessonss.. Call it Call it If_Test_3If_Test_3. As the code for. As the code for your new Sub, add the following:

your new Sub, add the following:

Dim MyNummber As Integer Dim MyNummber As Integer MyNumber = 10

MyNumber = 10

If MyNumber < 20 Then If MyNumber < 20 Then

MsgBox MyNumber & " is L

MsgBox MyNumber & " is Less than 20"ess than 20" End If

End If

Your coding window should look like this: Your coding window should look like this:

Again, we've set up an Integer variable called

Again, we've set up an Integer variable calledMyNumberMyNumber and stored a value of 10 in it. and stored a value of 10 in it. Look at the first line of the If Statement, though:

Look at the first line of the If Statement, though:

If MyNumber < 20 Then If MyNumber < 20 Then

If you consult the table above, you'll see the

If you consult the table above, you'll see the<< symbol means symbol meansLess ThanLess Than. So the condition to. So the condition to test is, "If MyNumber is less than 20". If

test is, "If MyNumber is less than 20". IfMyNumberMyNumber is indeed less than 20 then the is indeed less than 20 then the condition evaluates to TRUE. In which case, the code between

condition evaluates to TRUE. In which case, the code betweenIf If  and and End If End If  gets executed. If gets executed. If it's FALSE then VBA will skip to any lines after

it's FALSE then VBA will skip to any lines after End If End If ..

One other thing to note about the code is the message box line: One other thing to note about the code is the message box line:

MsgBox MyNumber & " is Less than 20" MsgBox MyNumber & " is Less than 20"

After MsgBox we have the variable

After MsgBox we have the variableMyNumberMyNumber then a space then an ampersand ( then a space then an ampersand (&&)) symbol. The

symbol. The&&symbol is used to concatenate (join together) things. After thesymbol is used to concatenate (join together) things. After the&& symbol we symbol we then have another space followed by some direct text in double quotes. So whatever is in the then have another space followed by some direct text in double quotes. So whatever is in the variable

variableMyNumberMyNumber will get joined with the direct text in double quotes. will get joined with the direct text in double quotes.

Run your code and you should see the message box display the following: Run your code and you should see the message box display the following:

Return to your coding window and change

Return to your coding window and changeMyNumber = 10MyNumber = 10 on the second lineon the second line to

toMyNumber = 20MyNumber = 20..

Run your code again and you'll find that nothing happens. Run your code again and you'll find that nothing happens.

The reason nothing happens is that 20 is not less than 20, so the If Statement is FALSE. We The reason nothing happens is that 20 is not less than 20, so the If Statement is FALSE. We haven't got

 Now change the

 Now change the << symbol to symbol to <=<=. The. The <=<= symbols together mean "Less than or equal to". symbols together mean "Less than or equal to". Change you message to this:

Change you message to this:

MsgBox MyNumber & " is Less than or equal to 20" MsgBox MyNumber & " is Less than or equal to 20"

Your code should now be the same as ours below: Your code should now be the same as ours below:

Dim MyNummber As Integer Dim MyNummber As Integer MyNumber = 20

MyNumber = 20

If MyNumber <= 20 Then If MyNumber <= 20 Then

MsgBox MyNumber & " is Less than or equal to 20" MsgBox MyNumber & " is Less than or equal to 20" End If

End If

When you run your code, here's what the message box will look like When you run your code, here's what the message box will look like

Click OK and return to your code. Change the

Click OK and return to your code. Change the<=<= symbol tosymbol to>=>=. The. The >=>= symbols together symbols together mean "Greater than or equal to".

mean "Greater than or equal to".

Change your message text to this: Change your message text to this:

MsgBox MyNumber & " is Greater than or equal to 20" MsgBox MyNumber & " is Greater than or equal to 20"

When you run your code, you'll see the message box appear again: When you run your code, you'll see the message box appear again:

To test out the

To test out theGreater ThanGreater Than sign by itself delete the = sign next to the > symbol. Change sign by itself delete the = sign next to the > symbol. Change MyNumber to 25. Amend the text in your message. Your code will then look like this: MyNumber to 25. Amend the text in your message. Your code will then look like this:

Dim MyNummber As Integer Dim MyNummber As Integer

MyNumber = 25

If MyNumber > 20 Then

MsgBox MyNumber & " is Greater than 20" End If

Run your code again to see the new message:

You can have ElseIf and Else parts with your Conditional Logic. Take the following as an example:

Dim MyNummber As Integer MyNumber = 19

If MyNumber = 20 Then

MsgBox MyNumber & " is 20" ElseIf MyNum > 20

MsgBox MyNumber & " is Greater Than 20" Else

MsgBox MyNumber & " is below 20" End If

In the code above, we have anIf  and ElseIf  andElse. The If Statement tests for a value of exactly 20. TheElseIf  tests if the variableMyNumber is Greater Than 20. The Else part catches any other value. Try it out and see how it works. Change the value of the

variable MyNumber and run your code again.