Limitaciones de los sistemas de representaci´ on di-

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TABLE

I I :

Sub sidi e s to the Group and As soc iation OWn Samples

herd recordin.:� syst ums uurinr, the seasons 1927-28 to 1934-35 inclusive.

Gro u.c' Herd T e st Associat ion

Amount of cow 1927-28 £10, 500

12

6

1928-2�

10 , 500

₁₁

ot

1929-30 8 , 500 9

42

1930-31

8 , COO

2

1931-32 7 , 700 6

3

N. Z. Ds.iry

2i

Board 6 , 000 5

1932-33

G , OOO '3·1-_{• .t} 2 1933-34 6 , _QQ(}J.! 0 • ₁ "'2.

193<1.-35

5, ooo·.: 1·1-_<! nil

Adapted from N. z. Dairy Board,

0.937� .

'" ?rom Herd T e s t ing C entr�d Execut i ve

Minutes,(J.933;

193-4 for new As sociations or

new

groUp s within exi sting

Associations.

2., For extra assistanc e to Aosociations narranting sp ecial

considerat ion.

3. The remainder to be used t0 reduce the cost

of

test

ing

to farmers.

In addition, the expens es of the Federation Supertteor were charged against tho sub sidy

(

Herd •r esting C entral Executive ,

1931 ) .

At the b eginning of the

e conomic

depression of the early thirt i e s , th e Federat ion and the C entral Executive real ised that sp ecial effort s would be ne cessary to prevent herd reoordine

go ing

into decl ine at a t ime when its expansion could b e most b eneficial. The b est methods f'armers could use

to offs et

low dairy produce prices were to reduce their costs of product ion and increas e their output s,

It

was thought that herd rocordine, by idcnt ifyine lovJ producers and serving

as a guid e t o b ot t er f'nrm manugement could b e an important factor

in

at�uining the s e ends. Sp ecial steps were therefore

taken to induce

more farmers to record. They included:

1. Reducing the cost of' recording to the �armer. For this

- �7 -

grant o:f £6 , 000 _{from the Duiry Board which sub sidised}

"Group "

re

cord

i

_ng

by 5d. p or

_{cov1 and 11 Associationtt}

recording by 2

;1-

d p e r cow ( see T able I I ).

2. Propaganda for recording was intensif'i

e

� In the

1931-

32 and 1932-33 s easons the Fe derc t i on Sup ervi sor visited every d

a

irying district in the Dominion, meet ing farmers and addressing numerous meet ings� He stressed the need for recording to allow cull il1g of uneconomi c cows, and

advocated the wide spread use of fert il i ser _end b et ter

grazing management as tho firs t es:3 ent ial s for reducing

cost s of product ion and increas

ing

output. Hwne

( 1932 )

claimed that " the meetings

held

during

the last

two

wint ers hav_e b een respons ibl e �or t he movement holding

i t s p o sit ion".

3.

Special

att ent ion was po.id to

fnrmers

in financial

diff i cul ti e s , _and effort o

were

made

to impress Government and p rivate l ending insti tut ions wi th the value of

recordine, so that they woul d give sp ecial consideration to recording cl i ent s and encQurage others to put their herds under t est. The current slogan was "you cannot afford not to t e st " ,

Referenc e t o Appendix

I

will show that the

organisers of the iiiovemen t wero very suc c e s sfUl in maintaining the numb er of cows recorded. In t.he 1933-34 season, with 297 , 647 cows nnder test, a p eak vmo reached which was not exc eeded until th e 1941-42

oeason�

I t has b een said ''that many dairy farmel"S

t urn

to herd t esting only when faced w1 th

diff'i cul t t imes "

( N. Z.

Dairy Board, l941 ) , but considerabl e

credit mus t b e given to those who were abl e to convince farmers that they should

re

cord v1hen their first incl inat ion was to reduc e their cost s by ceasi�1 to recor�

There i s , however,

a

nother aspect of the

effect of "Ghe depre s s i on, namely the great increase in dairy cow n��b ero which oc curred nt thut time. Many existing

- 28 -

to dairyin._� or intro<luc eu dair�y hcrc-l s ;;;. c s i clc-l inos in an eff'ort t o suppl

em en

t income L

(

Hami

l

ton,

1944)

e

_'.l'he

_results

v1ere twofold; first , the pcrc cntae e of covm under

t e s t fell

fro

m 20. 4

per cent

in

1928-29

_{to 1/�. 5 per c ent in 1934-35,} Li.Ild s

e

condJ.y. p er cow product i on which hnd b een increasing

steadily

(

see ApJ) endix

I )

bee rune alr;IDnt sta

ti

onary due to the conversion of inferior l and to dairy- farrnng, and to the

l"'el axat i on of culli_ng standards. _Harail ton ( 1944) traced the reversal of the se t rendG foll owing th 0 upward trend of prices

af't er 1934-35 when " the nur:1b cr of co ,·m in milk

showed

a drop of approxiu1at ely 63 , 000 in four years and the nwnber of

suppl i ers declined by apvroxirr.nt el;/ 8 , 000

• • • • "

In thi s period of' re covery the l) erc ont&ee o.f co·.w-::; under t e s t showed an increase ul though no di stinct increus c in p er co-..·1 p

r

oduction was

evident.

(

c

)

The co_mnis s

i

on

The e.chievemont s

of the Group Herd Testing

Movement

in the

twelve years of i t s existenc e, to

1934,

were

c ons i derabl e, but i t s _lcaclers realised that

the

movement

still laclced the support it deserved. They �elt that

fUll

support woul d b e wit

hh

eld unt il herd recording was

made

a

t ruly _{nat ional movement. At thnt t ime t}h_ere were

four

systems of recording, C c l" t if'i cu.t e _{of Rec ord}

( c.

_o ..

11. )

and Govornlt1c:nt Of:ri cial _Herd T e st

(

0. H. ·r.

)

admini st ered by th

e

Da iry Divi s ion, Group H erd 'l' e B t , controll ed by the Federation, and As socia

t

ion 0\m Samp l e under the j ur i sdi ct ion of the

Dn i ry Divi s ion cn<l the Central :gxecuti ve. •rho C entral

EXecutive _{wa s} represent at ive o� all dairying in

te

res

t

s, but there were de:rini t e l imi t c t ions t o its p ower, e sp ecially since i t dep ended upon the Wederation for the implementation

of i t s p ol icy. The Federat i on i t s el f was a purely vol�tary

organisat ion and breakaways fi•orn existin.s organi sations and the establi shment

of

unn.e cee sa:&."Y _{Associations coul d.} not be prevent e d. There wan nl so cons iderabl e dif'f'ioUl ty in

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7cder�tion did not have n monop oly on t 111 s wo1

..

k. The

Federat ion decided, liher·eforet La ·try to effect some inprove- ment ..

Sinc e 192\;;1 thu u ontral

�xecut ive ,

the Department of Agriculture, ru1d _{the li'cdez•ation hac1} b een working in close c o- op e1·�t ion, anll. 1 t was hop ed thElt £, method of combining thei r t estine act1

vi

t i e s could be f'ound. Arrangements were thcret�oro mad.e for the chairman of the Federation and the Federat i on

Sup ervi sor

to give evidenc e b efore the Royal

Commission which had b e en app oint ed to invect1gate methods o� as s i ot ing the dairy industryo _{�he m}eet

i

ng t ook place in

June 1934, and the Federation repre sentatives laid great stress upon the in�ortance of having u un

i

ted and e:t'f'ecti vely

controll ed hard l"'ecordine movement.

In

the

Re11 ort of the Dai ry Industry Conmission

( 1934 )

the value of herd testing was surmnari sed in the se words

Herd t e s t ing i s recogni sed

as

one

of'

the most progressive movements for increas ing the efficiency of dairy herds and _daii'Y farm 111illlugement. It creat e s an int ell igent int erest nhared

by

the farmer, h i s family

and

emplo�ees in each animal in the herd; rai ses

but terfat

production p er cow and

p er ac�e

thereby reducing costs of productionJ and provides a check at monthly interval s on the

effi c i ency of milkers,

cows ,

feeding, season, and farm and herd management. I t i s the hnsis of constructive cow sel ection herd replucement , and di scloses to

finance insti tut ions and other l enders the comparative efficiency of individuul production unit s on the da1r,r

fa� I t i s , the refore, a movement which i s worthy of the greatest comracndation,

The

Report outl ine d the l imit ations of the exi st inf� organi sat i ons and

1nade

u series of recommendat ions

whi ch were nur:'Jnnriscd !i S fol lows :

1�

�hat

_{there be sot up r.;. iif0¥1 Zeal and Herd ·r esting Council}

In document INTRODUCCIÓN A LA INFORMÁTICA 2 (página 38-42)