PARTE II: ESTADO DEL ARTE
CAPÍTULO 3. M ODELOS DE L OCALIZACIÓN DE PARADAS DE BUS
In case of a device fault, the device sends an alarm to the NMS. The NMS receives the reported alarms in real time. For the time being, the NMS supports the alarms and events reported in form of MML and SNMP Trap. The latest alarms received by the NMS are unacknowledged&unrecovered. After the fault is eliminated, the alarm is acknowledged manually or automatically. When the NMS receives a recovery alarms, the alarm becomes recovered. The acknowledged&recovered alarm becomes a historical alarm and is not handled as a current alarm. Current alarms include all unacknowledged and/or unrecovered alarms, and they can be handled in a centralized manner.
The alarm status transition model is shown in Figure 3-2.
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HUAWEI iManager N2000 Fixed Network Integrated Management System
Chapter 3 Fault Management Network Element
Unacked but Unrecovered Alarm
Unacked but Recovered Alarm
Acked but Unrecovered Alarm
Historicial Alarm Recover Acknowledge Recover
Acknowledge Report
Figure 3-2 Alarm status transition model
3.2 Functions
3.2.1 Browsing Alarm
To facilitate browsing and querying alarms, the system provides alarm profile. The alarm profile helps you to:
z Get the concerned alarm information in time.
z Identify critical alarms from a large number of alarms so as to perform efficient network management.
z Divide alarms into several manageable groups based on your filtering conditions.
Through the fault browser, you can open these windows easily: “Realtime Alarm Browse”, “Current Alarm Browse”, "Realtime Event Browse”, “Event Browse”, and
“Alarm History Browse”. Taking the real-time alarm browsing as an example, this section explains how to browse and query alarms.
1) Select [Fault/Fault Browser] to open the main interface of the fault browser. The fault browser appears in the left part of the main interface, and the "Realtime Alarm Browse" window appears in the right part, as shown in Figure 3-3.
Figure 3-3 Browsing real-time alarms
2) In the opened “Alarm Filtering Condition Setting Panel”:
z Enable the "Select Resource" switch, and then click <Select Resource>.
z In the "Select Resource" dialog box that appears, select the desired device, and then click <OK> to add it to the "Select Devices" list.
z Enable the "Severity" switch, and then select the desired alarm severity.
z Enable the "Function Class" switch, and then select the desired alarm function category.
z Select the desired alarm fields in the "Displayed Column" list box.
z Click <OK> to validate the filtering conditions immediately and turn the "Alarm Filtering Condition Setting Panel" into a filtering condition character string 3) Click <Save> to update the currently selected real-time alarm browsing profile.
z If the default profile is selected, the "Save as" dialog box will appear for you to save the alarm filtering conditions as a new profile.
z Enable the "Automatic Scroll Down" at the bottom left corner of the "Realtime Alarm Browse" window.
z If a new alarm is reported to the "UnAck" or "Ack" list, the list will automatically scroll to the bottom to show the latest alarms.
4) Select one or multiple alarms in the "UnAck" list, right click, and then:
z Select [Ack Alarm]. Then the selected unacknowledged&unrecovered alarms will be moved from the "UnAck" list to the "Ack" list, and the selected unacknowledged&recovered alarms will be deleted from the "UnAck" list.
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HUAWEI iManager N2000 Fixed Network Integrated Management System
Chapter 3 Fault Management
z Select [Clear Alarm]. Then the selected acknowledged&unrecovered alarms will get unacknowledged&recovered. Recovered alarms cannot be manually recovered. Select [Detailed] to display the "Detailed Information" window.
z Select [Locating to] to locate the topological node that experiences an alarm 5) Select one or multiple alarms in the "Ack" list, right click, and then select [Ack
Alarm], [Recovery], [Locating to], or [Detailed].
6) To avoid reconfiguring the alarm filtering conditions, you can open the alarm browsing window from the real-time alarm browsing profile you have defined.
3.2.2 Alarm Statistics
This operation lists the alarm data in two dimensions according to the specified conditions, helping you analyze the device operation status. Alarm statistics involves:
setting alarm statistics conditions, showing statistics results, and saving and printing statistics results. The alarm statistics conditions include: alarm object, function class, alarm level, alarm time range, and alarm. The main interface of the "Alarm Statistics"
window consists of three parts: statistics condition setting panel, statistics result list, and status bar.
1) Select [Fault/Fault Browser] to start the fault browser.
2) In the fault browser, double click the "Alarm Statistics" node to expand the profile node for alarm statistics.
3) Double click the "by Month&Severity" profile node. The "Alarm Statistics" window then appears.
4) In the "Statistics Condition Setting Panel", the statistics conditions are month and alarm severity. Click <Stat.> to measure all alarms by month and alarm severity.
Reconfigure the query conditions. The condition settings here are the same as those for "Create Alarm Statistics Profile".
5) Click <Stat.> to validate the statistics conditions immediately and turn the
"Create Alarm Statistics Profile" into a statistics condition character string.
6) Click <Save> to update the current alarm statistics profile with the current statistics conditions.
Note:
z If no control is available for changing statistics conditions, you can click the triangle button at the upper left corner of the fault display window to display the controls. Changing statistics conditions does not result in an updated profile.
z The system provides a default profile for alarm statistics by month&severity.
3.2.3 Setting Local Alarm Attributes
Using this function, you can set real-time printing, alarm panel, and audio/visual alarm, facilitating you in getting the reported alarms from the NMS in time.
1) Select [Fault/Fault Setting/Local Property]. Then the "Local Property" dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 3-4.
Figure 3-4 Setting local properties
2) Click the “Realtime Printing Setting” tab, the "Alarm Panel Setting” tab, and the
“Audio&Visual Setting” tab to set the local properties.
z Realtime Printing Setting: Select the “Enable Realtime Printing” check box.
Select the “Severity” check box, and then select the alarm severity. Select the
“Function Class” check box, and then select the function class. Select the columns you want to print.
z Alarm Panel Setting: Select the display mode of the alarm panel and that of the alarm indicator.
z Audio&Visual Setting: Set alarm display color and alarm sound.
3) Click <OK> to save your settings and close the “Local Property” dialog box.
3.2.4 Setting Automatic Alarm Dumping
Automatic dumping is used to dump alarm history data to files regularly, during which the dumped alarm history data will be deleted. This operation improves the efficiency
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HUAWEI iManager N2000 Fixed Network Integrated Management System
Chapter 3 Fault Management and stability of the system. Using this function, you can set the attribute of automatic dumping.
1) Select [Fault/Fault Setting/Dump&Sync&Ack] to display the "Dump&Sync&Ack"
dialog box.
2) Select the "Others" tab, as shown in Figure 3-5.
Figure 3-5 Setting automatic alarm dumping
3) To enable the automatic alarm dumping, select "Enable Alarm Auto Dumping".
4) In the tab, enter the conditions and period for automatic acknowledgement.
5) Click <OK> to save your settings and close the "Dump&Sync&Ack" dialog box.
Note:
z "Alarm Generated x Days ago" means that alarms generated x days ago will be automatically dumped. For example, if x=90, only the alarms generated 90 days ago (with regard to the time when automatic dumping is performed) will be automatically dumped.
z "Auto Dump Intervals x days" indicates the period for the automatic dumping. If it is set to 5 days, the system will perform automatic dumping once every five days.
z Only historical alarms can be automatically dumped while the current alarms cannot.
z By default, the automatic dumping starts at 1:00 AM.
3.2.5 Setting Automatic Alarm Acknowledgement
Using this function, you can set the conditions for automatic alarm acknowledgement.
1) Select [Fault/Fault Setting/Dump&Sync&Ack] to display the "Dump&Sync&Ack"
dialog box.
2) Select the "Others" tab.
3) Select the "Enable Auto Ack" check box.
4) Enter the conditions on the panel.
5) Click <OK> or <Apply> to save your settings.
Note:
z "Alarm Generated x days ago": The alarms generated x days ago will be automatically acknowledged. For example, if x=3, then the alarms generated 3 days ago (with regard to the time when the alarm is automatically acknowledged) will be automatically acknowledged.
z "Auto Ack Interval" indicates the period for the automatic acknowledgement. If it is set to 5 days, the system will perform automatic acknowledgement once every five days.
z The unrecovered alarms will also be automatically acknowledged.
z By default, the automatic acknowledgement operation starts at 0:00.
3.2.6 Setting Alarm Synchronization
When the failure of the communication between the NMS and a device recovers or when the NMS is restarted, you should synchronize the alarm information to make the alarm information consistent. Because the synchronization operation greatly affects the system performance, it is provided only for alarms but not for events.
1) Select [Fault/Fault Setting/Dump&Sync&Ack] to pop up the "Dump&Sync&Ack"
dialog box.
2) In the device tree in the left part of the window, select a device node.
3) If you want to synchronize alarms when the NMS is restarted, select
"Auto-synchronizing when the system starts".
4) If you want to synchronize alarms when the failure of the communication between the NMS and a device recovers, select "Auto-synchronizing when the communication recovers".
5) Click <OK> or <Apply> to save your settings.
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Chapter 3 Fault Management
Note:
You can set alarm synchronization for multiple devices at one time, but your settings will not work until you click <OK> or <Apply>.
3.2.7 Setting Remote Alarm Notification
This operation can be used to set the attribute of alarm transferring to e-mail. With this function, when the system is faulty and the maintainer is absent, the NMS can notify the operation status of the system to the maintainer.
1) Select [Fault/Fault Setting/Remote Notification] to display the "Remote Notification" dialog box.
2) In the dialog box, click <Add> to display the "Add" dialog box, enter the profile name, and then click <OK> to add the profile name in the "Profile Name" tree.
3) Select the desired function class, alarm resource, and severity.
4) Enter an e-mail address.
5) Set the time length for the notification delay to prevent the NMS from still sending a reported alarm after the corresponding recovery alarm is received.
6) Click <Advanced> to set the Simple Mail Transfer Process (SMTP) Server and the sending address.
7) Click <OK> to save your settings and close the “Remote Notify” dialog box.
Note:
z The alarm notification e-mail messages provide the number and details of critical alarms, the number and details of major alarms, the number of major alarms, and the number of warnings.
z To set Domain Name Server (DNS) under Solaris operating system:
a) Add “nis” and/or “dns” to the “hosts” of “/etc/nsswitch.conf”, with the content being:
hosts: files dns
b) Set the gateway of the DNS in “/etc/defaultrouter”, with the content being:
10.11.43.254
c) Set the IP address of the DNS in /etc/resolv.conf, with the content being:
nameserver 10.15.1.3 nameserver 129.9.111.100 domain huawei.com